Linear Shaped Charge Cutting Property and Charge Cutting Mechanism of Mg-Gd-Y-Zn Alloy

The linear shaped charge cutting technology is an effective technology for aircraft separation. It can separate invalid components from aircrafts timely to achieve light-weight. Magnesium alloy is the lightest metal material, and can be used to cast effective light-weight components of an aircraft construction. However, the application study of the linear shaped charge cutting technology on magnesium alloy components is basically blank. In response to the demand for the linear separation of magnesium alloys, the Mg-12Gd-0.5Y-0.4Zn alloy is selected to carry out the target shaped charge cutting test. The effects of the shaped charge line density, cutting thickness, and mechanical properties on the cutting performance of the alloy are studied. The shaped charge cutting mechanism is analyzed through the notch structure. The results show that the linear shaped charge cutting performance is significantly affected by the penetration and the collapse. The higher the linear density is, the stronger the ability of the linear shaped charge cutter is, and the greater the penetration depth is, which is advantageous. However, the target structure will be damaged when it is too large (e.g., 4.5 g?m-1). Within 12 mm, when the cutting thickness of the target increases, the penetration depth increases. The lower the tensile strength is, the greater the penetration depth is, and the more conducive the penetration depth to the shaped charge cutting is. When the elongation (EL) increases to 12%, the collapse of the target is incomplete and the target cannot be separated. When the tensile strength of the Mg-Gd-Y-Zn alloy is less than 350 MPa, the EL is less than 6.5%, the cutting thickness is less than 12 mm, and the linear shaped charge cutting of the magnesium alloy can be achieved stably.     

基于焦面哈特曼波前传感器的大视场高精度波前测量技术论证

气动光学效应容易对导引头目标成像跟踪系统产生不良影响,然而传统哈特曼波前传感器由于探测视场小,无法作用于导引头的目标成像跟踪系统。文章介绍了一种能够大视场测量的焦面哈特曼波前传感器,同时针对在焦面哈特曼中传统模式法无法高精度测量的问题,提出一种能够高精度测量的优化波前复原算法——基于Gerchberg-Saxton迭代的波前复原算法。然后根据满足大视场测量的结构设计,搭建了仿真平台,利用优化的波前复原算法对仿真输入像差进行复原。最后,利用多个激光器搭建了大视场波前复原实验平台并验证了焦面哈特曼波前传感器具有能够实现高精度的大视场波前测量的能力。     

铝锂合金高速铣削表面粗糙度试验研究

在对2198铝锂合金进行高速铣削试验的基础上,研究了切削参数对表面粗糙度的影响规律,观察了其铣削表面形貌。结果表明:平直处表面粗糙度与拐角处表面粗糙度不一致是由机床主轴振动和实际进给量变化造成的;较小的每齿进给量和铣削宽度能够获得较好的表面质量;表面缺陷常发生在铣削刀痕交叉处。     

涂层刀具低温铣削SiCp/Al复合材料表面质量研究

在加工过程中,相反的两相特性增加了 SiCp/Al复合材料加工难度,难以获得良好的表面质量.为了提高其切削性能,本文开展20vol％SiCp/Al复合材料铣削加工试验研究,比较常温和低温条件下TiAlN涂层和TiAlSiN涂层两种铣刀的切削性能.结果表明,在低温条件下,两种刀具的切削力增加,铣削后表面铝基体的开裂及剥落...     

Elliptical vibration cutting of large-size thin-walled curved surface parts of pure iron by using diamond tool with active cutting edge shift

Large-size thin-walled curved surface parts of pure iron are crucial in aerospace, national defense, energy and precision physical experiments. However, the high machining accuracy and surface quality are difficult to achieve due to the serious tool wear and deformation when machining the parts with conventional cutting tools. In this paper, an elliptical vibration cutting (EVC) with active cutting edge shift (ACES) based on a long arbor vibration device is proposed for ultra-precision machining the pure iron parts by using diamond tool. Compared with cutting at a fixed cutting edge, the influence of ACES on the EVC was analyzed. Experiments in EVC of pure iron with ACES were conducted. The evolutions of the surface roughness, surface topography, and chip morphology with tool wear in EVC with ACES are revealed. The reasonable parameters of ultra-precision machining the pure iron parts by EVC with ACES were determined. It shows that the ACES has a slight influence on the machined surface roughness and surface topography. The diamond tool life can be significantly prolonged in EVC of pure iron with ACES than that with a fixed cutting edge, so that high profile accuracy and surface quality could be obtained even at higher nominal cutting speed. A typical thin-walled curved surface pure iron part with diameter ∅240 mm, height 122 mm, and wall thickness 2 mm was fabricated by the presented method, and its profile error and surface roughness achieved PV 2.2 μm and Ra less than 50 nm, respectively.     

旋转爆轰波与涡轮平面叶栅相互作用数值模拟

由于旋转爆轰燃烧室具有自增压特性，可提高热力循环效率，因此将旋转爆轰燃烧室应用于燃气轮机可进一步提高系统的性能。基于非稳态雷诺时均Navier-Stokes方法，采用剪切应力输运k-ω湍流模型，建立旋转爆轰燃烧室与涡轮平面叶栅耦合计算模型，研究旋转爆轰燃烧室内的复杂波系与涡轮叶片的相互作用，分析涡轮叶栅对高频爆轰压力振荡的抑制作用。结果表明：旋转爆轰燃烧室内的燃气在涡轮叶栅内加速，并且在斜激波后的局部区域马赫数的增加更为明显。斜激波与涡轮静转子叶片的前缘、压力面、吸力面以及尾缘相互作用，由于旋转爆轰波不同的传播方向，使得斜激波与静子叶片呈相互垂直或平行，进而形成两种不同的波系结构。涡轮叶栅对高频压力振荡存在明显的抑制作用，涡轮叶栅上下游高频压力振荡幅值的衰减率达到80%以上。研究结果展示了旋转爆轰波作用下涡轮叶栅内复杂波系结构特征，并对基于爆轰燃烧推进技术的应用提供了一定的理论基础。     

Velocity distribution of elliptical galaxies in the framework of Non-local Gravity model

We investigate the velocity distribution of elliptical galaxies in the framework of Non-local Gravity. According to this approach, it is possible to recover the fundamental plane of elliptical galaxies without the dark matter hypothesis. Specifically, we compare theoretical predictions for circular velocity in Non-local Gravity context with the corresponding values coming from a large sample of observed elliptical galaxies. We adopt the surface brightness, effective radius and velocity dispersion as structural parameters for the fundamental plane. As final result, it is possible to show that non-local gravity effects can reproduce the stellar dynamics in elliptical galaxies and fit consistently observational data.     

微织构刀具对钛合金切屑形成影响的仿真研究

针对微织构刀具对钛合金Ti6Al4V切屑形成以及微槽二次切削机理分析的不足，通过建立热-力耦合仿真模型对比研究不同微织构刀具、微织构几何尺寸以及切削速度对切屑形成的影响规律。数值仿真结果表明：微织构刀具更有利于断屑，二次切削作用使切屑的弯曲半径变大，微织构可以减小刀屑之间实际接触面积，降低切削温度。增大微织构宽度可以增强微槽的二次切削作用，利于断屑，但应注意其对刀具强度的削弱作用，而增大相邻微槽间距则会出现相反的二次切削作用机制。提高切削速度对各刀具均有利于断屑，弧形微织构刀具的降温效果最好，V形微织构刀具次之，矩形微织构刀具降温效果最差。研究结果对进一步理解微织构刀具对钛合金切屑的二次切削作用机理提供一定参考。     

超声振动辅助切削对碳纤维增强树脂复合材料面下损伤影响的仿真研究

碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料（CFRP）在传统加工（OC）过程中存在着切削力过大、表面质量不佳、面下损伤较为严重等问题。为了改善上述问题，本文提出使用超声振动辅助切削（UVC）工艺加工CFRP，通过仿真分析对切削力与面下损伤深度进行研究。结果表明：使用UVC加工CFRP可降低13%~80%的切削力，且纤维方向角对切削力影响较小。与OC相比，UVC切削0°、45°纤维方向角的CFRP时可以减少约50%的面下损伤深度；在切削90°、135°纤维方向角的CFRP时虽然没有改善面下损伤深度，但取得了较为平整的已加工表面以及较小的损伤区域。     

螺旋桨飞机近地飞行时的纵向稳定性

根据某型飞机气动试验数据,分析了地面效应和螺旋桨滑流增量对飞机静稳定性的影响;根据小扰动线性化方程,计算了不同飞行条件下的飞机模态特性,分析了地面效应和螺旋桨滑流对飞机动稳定性的影响。结果表明：地面效应将使飞机纵向运动频率增加,而阻尼比降低;地效区内滑流增量使短周期震荡频率和阻尼比均增加,也使长周期阻尼比增加,而对长周期模态频率的影响不大;无地效时,滑流将使长短周期两种模态的频率均降低,而阻尼比增加。