基于微波辐射测量的电波折射修正技术

针对电波折射修正精度直接影响无线电系统的探测和定位精度这一问题,提出了利用微波辐射计反演大气折射率剖面进行电波折射修正的解决方法,并引入RBF（Radial Basis Function,径向基）神经网络算法反演大气折射率.在青岛市气象局架设MP-3000A型多通道微波辐射计,开展了长达1个月的与探空数据的联合观测比对实验,对输出的大气折射率剖面进行了详细的分析.实验结果表明：RBF神经网络算法与MP-3000A自带的神经网络算法相比,反演大气折射率剖面的精度提高了30％以上,同时,电波折射修正的精度也得以提高.因此,利用微波辐射计反演大气折射率剖面进行电波折射修正方法可行.     

利用Aura卫星资料计算全球中层大气背景风场

利用2005年第二代地球观测卫星系统(EOS)的Aura卫星上MLS观测的压强、温度、密度等数据,推算出全球中层大气的平均背景风场,分析了中层大气风场随时间和高度变化的特点.与武汉流星雷达及澳大利亚Adelaide台站观测的比较结果显示,用Aura数据推算出来的风场与实际观测比较符合.与HWM-93模式的比较显示,Aura风场随时间和空间变化的总体趋势与HWM-93基本吻合.特别是在80km以下的高度范围内Aura数据与HWM-93数据符合得比较好;在80 km以上的高度,Aura所算得的风值与HWM-93风值的差别逐渐增大,Aura风值普遍比HWM-93的要大.      

A spectroscopic measurement of high velocity spray plasma from an M-class flare and coronal mass ejection

The M1.5-class flare and associated coronal mass ejection (CME) of 16 February 2011 was observed with the Extreme ultraviolet Imaging Spectrometer on board the Hinode spacecraft. Spray plasma associated with the CME is found to exhibit a Doppler blue-shift of 850 km s^?1 – one of the largest values reported from spectroscopy of the solar disk and inner corona. The observation is unusual in that the emission line (Fe xii 193.51 Å) is not observed directly, but the Doppler shift is so large that the blue-shifted component appears in a wavelength window at 192.82 Å, intended to observe lines of O v, Fe xi and Ca xvii. The Fe xii 195.12 Å emission line is used as a proxy for the rest component of 193.51 Å. The observation highlights the risks of using narrow wavelength windows for spectrometer observations when observing highly-dynamic solar phenomena. The consequences of large Doppler shifts for ultraviolet solar spectrometers, including the upcoming Multi-slit Solar Explorer (MUSE) mission, are discussed.     

A model of foreground emission in UV using GALEX deep observations

Foreground emission, mainly airglow and zodiacal light, is a significant contributor in an ultraviolet observation especially from low earth orbit. Its careful estimation and removal are tedious yet unavoidable processes in the study of diffuse UV radiation and by extension interstellar dust studies. Our analysis of deep GALEX observations show that airglow is not only a function of Sun angle but also a strong function of Solar activity at the time of observation. We present here an empirical model of airglow emission, derived from GALEX deep observations, as a function of 10.7 cm Solar flux and Sun angle. We obtained the model by training machine learning models on the data using a variant of the regression algorithm that is both resilient toward outlier data and sensitive to the complexities of the provided data. Our model predictions across various observations show no loss in generalization as well as good agreement with the observed values. We find that the total airglow in an observation is the sum of a baseline part (AG_c) that depends on the Solar flux and Sun angle, and a variable part (AG_v) that depends on the Sun angle and the time of observation with respect to local midnight. We also find that the total airglow can vary between 85 – 390 photon units in FUV and 80 – 465 photon units in NUV.     

国外典型核武器内部氢气气氛分析

核武器密闭空间内部气氛中的氢气对铀材料、钚材料可靠性有长期的影响,将会引起严重的腐蚀失效,导致武器装备战技指标下降,同时也给核武器本身的安全性也带来了隐患。以基于理论模型的假想核武器为研究对象,经分析表明,核武器内部氢气主要来源于铀材料与外界渗漏气体的反应,以及有机材料的老化,这些气体在热应力条件下扩散到核武器密闭空间内部。国外有核国家目前主要采用研制生产时改进加工工艺,控制初始状态;交付后,在核武器内部放置干燥剂、吸氢剂2种措施相结合的方法控制核武器内部的氢气浓度,这些做法对我国武器装备的发展都有一定的借鉴意义。