Stability of relative equilibria of the full spacecraft dynamics around an asteroid with orbit–attitude coupling

The full dynamics of spacecraft around an asteroid, in which the spacecraft is considered as a rigid body and the gravitational orbit–attitude coupling is taken into account, is of great value and interest in the precise theories of the motion. The spectral stability of the classical relative equilibria of the full spacecraft dynamics around an asteroid is studied with the method of geometric mechanics. The stability conditions are given explicitly based on the characteristic equation of the linear system matrix. It is found that the linearized system decouples into two entirely independent subsystems, which correspond to the motions within and outside the equatorial plane of the asteroid respectively. The system parameters are divided into three groups that describe the traditional stationary orbit stability, the significance of the orbit–attitude coupling and the mass distribution of the spacecraft respectively. The spectral stability of the relative equilibria is investigated numerically with respect to the three groups of system parameters. The relations between the full spacecraft dynamics and the traditional spacecraft dynamics, as well as the effect of the orbit–attitude coupling, are assessed. We find that when the orbit–attitude coupling is strong, the mass distribution of the spacecraft dominates the stability of the relative equilibria; whereas when the orbit–attitude coupling is weak, both the mass distribution and the traditional stationary orbit stability have significant effects on the stability. We also give a criterion to determine whether the orbit–attitude coupling needs to be considered.     

Atmospheric pressure variations at extratropical latitudes associated with Forbush decreases of galactic cosmic rays

Changes of troposphere pressure associated with short-time variations of galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) taking place in the Northern hemisphere’s cold months (October–March) were analyzed for the period 1980–2006, NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data being used. Noticeable pressure variations during Forbush decreases of GCRs were revealed at extratropical latitudes of both hemispheres. The maxima of pressure increase were observed on the 3rd–4th days after the event onsets over Northern Europe and the European part of Russia in the Northern hemisphere, as well as on the 4th–5th days over the eastern part of the South Atlantic opposite Queen Maud Land and over the d’Urville Sea in the Southern Ocean. According to the weather chart analysis, the observed pressure growth, as a rule, results from the weakening of cyclones and intensification of anticyclone development in these areas. The presented results suggest that cosmic ray variations may influence the evolution of extratropical baric systems and play an important role in solar-terrestrial relationships.     

A boundary vector cell model of place field repetition

Hippocampal place cells are thought to form the neural substrate of a global cognitive map. However, in multicompartment mazes, these cells exhibit locally repeating representations, undermining the global cognitive map view of place cells. This phenomenon appears to be related to the repetitive layout of these mazes, but still no hypothesis adequately explains it. Here, we use a boundary vector cell (BVC) model of place cell firing to model the activity of place cells in numerous multicompartment environments. The activity of modeled place cells bears a striking resemblance to experimental data, replicating virtually every major experimental result. Our results support the BVC model and indicate that locally repeating place cell firing could result purely from local geometry.     

Thrusting maneuver control of a small spacecraft via only gimbaled-thruster scheme

The thrust vector control (TVC) scheme is a powerful method in spacecraft attitude control. Since the control of a small spacecraft is being studied here, a solid rocket motor (SRM) should be used instead of a liquid propellant motor. Among the TVC methods, gimbaled-TVC as an efficient method is employed in this paper. The spacecraft structure is composed of a body and a gimbaled-SRM where common attitude control systems such as reaction control system (RCS) and spin-stabilization are not presented. A nonlinear two-body model is considered for the characterization of the gimbaled-thruster spacecraft where, the only control input is provided by a gimbal actuator. The attitude of the spacecraft is affected by a large exogenous disturbance torque which is generated by a thrust vector misalignment from the center of mass (C.M). A linear control law is designed to stabilize the spacecraft attitude while rejecting the mentioned disturbance torque. A semi-analytical formulation of the region of attraction (RoA) is developed to ensure the local stability and fast convergence of the nonlinear closed-loop system. Simulation results of the 3D maneuvers are included to show the applicability of this method for use in a small spacecraft.     

Structurally coupled characteristics of rotor blade using new rigid-flexible dynamic model based on geometrically exact formulation

In rotor dynamics, blades are normally modelled as a slender beam, in which elastic deformations are coupled with each other. To identify these coupling effects, new rigid-flexible structural model for helicopter rotor system is proposed in this paper. Finite rotations of the whole blade(on flapwise, lagwise, and torsional) are described as three global rigid degrees of freedom.The nonlinear deformation geometrics of the beam is built on geometrically exact beam theory.New expressions for blade ...     

直升机机动飞行的逆模拟

本文给出了一种直升机机动飞行的逆模拟方法以计算跟随预定飞行轨迹的驾驶员操纵,根据这一方法可以确定为完成直升机机动飞行所需的驾驶员操纵输入及直长机的飞行速度、角速度和的变化历程。直同飞行动力学模型没有作任何线化假设,其中考虑了旋翼入流的时滞效应、前行桨叶的压缩性物后行桨叶的失速特性及旋翼桨叶的非定常挥舞运动,引入了旋翼尾迹对直升机机身、尾翼和尾桨的气动干扰。最后以黑鹰直升机为例计算了鱼跃越障机动飞行     

Dirichlet边界条件低阶面无法的改进

对基于内部Ｄｉｒｉｃｈｌｅｔ边界条件的低阶面元法的速度分布提出一个改进算法。由极限过程结合高阶奇异积分的解析计算直接计算物面速度分布取代传统的偶强梯度法,以避免偶极强度边缘外推的困难。改进算法改善了ＶＳＡＥＲＯ分析中诱导阻力系数估值过低的问题。对后掠翼、前掠翼和翼身组合体等算例的计算表明,计算结果的准确度与高阶面元法相近。此外,直接积分法还可正确地计算外部流场速度分布。这是偶强梯度法不能完成的。     

复杂构形的亚、跨、超音速定常及非定常气动力的Green函数算法综述

对亚、跨、超音速定常及非定常气动力的 Green函数算法作了简要回顾 ,包括该方法的基本原理、近年来在国内的发展及其在气动弹性和气动载荷计算中的应用等。算例表明该方法适用范围广、计算效率高且比较准确     

大型空间结构材料性质退化和结构损伤

就材料性质的退化对大型空间结构动力响应的影响以及大型空间结构在轨损伤评估两个问题进行简要论述。损伤通常在复合材料中发生。对典型的空间桁架结构研究表明:材料性质的退化将引起固有频率的降低,并对振型有显著影响。介绍一种应用在轨响应测量的理论来评估结构系统损伤的发生、位置和程度。以天线桁架为例说明此理论的应用。     

面向设计的复合材料旋翼桨叶动力优化设计

提出一种面向设计的复合材料旋翼桨叶结构动力优化方法。采用典型剖面设计、变量连接、铺层变量连续化等方法,有效地处理了剖面内部形状、复合材料铺层、配重质量３类设计变量。在动力分析模型中考虑了剖面翘曲、耦合变形和陀螺力的影响,由三级数值计算模式实现固有频率灵敏度分析。约束条件包括了固有频率、结构重量、自转惯量等设计要求,优化求解采用基于序列二次规划的算法。上述方法真实反映了桨叶结构特征和实际工程设计要求。