应变控制下NEPE推进剂非线性疲劳损伤

为研究高能硝酸酯增塑聚醚(NEPE)推进剂的非线性疲劳损伤特性,基于损伤力学和黏弹性理论,建立了一种非线性疲劳损伤模型.该模型考虑了材料疲劳过程中刚度衰减的特征.建立的疲劳损伤模型,通过动态热机械分析仪(DMA)进行5组不同应变水平下的疲劳实验,获得模型参数,并对模型进行验证,利用电荷耦合器件图像传感器(CCD)进行显微观察,分析了应变加载历史对NEPE推进剂微观上的影响.结果表明:提出的损伤演化模型能够很好地描述NEPE推进剂应变控制下的非线性疲劳损伤;定应变往复拉伸造成了推进剂颗粒与基体的脱湿,在循环初期脱湿速度较快,随着循环周期增加,脱湿程度逐渐趋于稳定.      

Wetting behavior of AgCu-4.5Ti filler reinforced by carbon nanotubes on C/C composite

The effect of Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) content on the wettability of AgCu-4.5Ti + x CNTs (wt%) composite filler alloys on C/C composite was investigated. The results show that the added CNTs reacted with element Ti in the filler and produced the dispersed fine in situ synthesized TiC particles, which increased the consumption of element Ti and provided the nucleus for the growth of Ti-Cu compounds simultaneously. The above effects of introducing CNTs, inhibited the formation of Ti-Cu compounds, also changed the distribution of compounds, which dramatically influenced the interfacial microstructure and characteristics of wetting behavior. The increase of CNTs content refined and dispersed coarse Ti-Cu compounds, decreased the initial spreading temperature, and improved the wettability, but high content of CNTs (more than 0.3wt%) decreased the wettability of the filler alloy. The wetting interfacial microstructure of corresponding composite filler alloys were analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrometer (EDS) and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), which consisted of TiC, TiCu, TiCu₂ and TiCu₄ compound. The typical wetting behavior of AgCu-4.5Ti + 0.3wt% CNTs composite filler on C/C composite was divided into four stages. The effect mechanism of CNTs content on the wetting behavior was proposed.     

Laser joining of CFRTP to titanium alloy via laser surface texturing

Grid pattern was textured on Ti-6Al-4V alloy (TC4) substrate surface by nanosecond laser system. Laser joining of carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite (CFRTP) to TC4 joints were performed, and the effect of texture grid depth was investigated. The contact angle of molten CFRTP on textured TC4 surface was measured and the tensile-shear force was tested. The fracture surface and interface morphology were observed. The results indicated that the wettability of molten CFRTP on TC4 surface improved remarkably after laser textured TC4. Shear force of CFRTP/TC4 joints was increased by 156% after laser textured TC4 surface. When the depth of grid was deeper than 100 μm, contact angle increased and incomplete filling of molten CFRTP in grid occurred, the shear force thus decreased gradually. Resin-carbon fibers mixture was adhered on the fracture surface of TC4, and the variation tendency of adhesion ratio was consistent with that of shear force. TC4 matrix was exfoliated from substrate and adhered at the fracture surface of CFRTP, indicating stronger mechanical interlocking occurred at the joining interface after laser textured TC4 surface. Beside mechanical interlocking, compound layer consisted of CTi_0.42V_1.58 carburization phase was also confirmed at interface, suggesting that chemical bonding also occurred at the joining interface.     

Experimental,analytical and numerical investigation on tensile behavior of twisted fiber yarns

Stitched composite materials are emerging as a promising material due to their high interlaminar strength, combined performance and light weight. The mechanical properties of stitch yarns are very essential for stitched composite structures. In this study, the tensile behaviors of the twisted fiber yarn in stitched composites were investigated experimentally, analytically and numerically. Two kinds of cross-sectional area of twisted yarn are proposed and discussed. The paper presents an intersecting circle model to describe the cross-section of twisted fiber yarns, and a physics-based theoretical model to predict the effective tensile moduli. The numerical models take into account the cross-sectional characteristic and the twist architecture. The investigation shows that: the sum of each fiber area should be used for experimental analysis; and the cross-sectional area surrounded by the yarn profile should be used for theoretical predictions and finite element (FE) simulations. The relative errors of the prediction method and the FE simulation are less than 2% and 1%, respectively. The friction between the fibers is derived, and the effect of friction on mechanical properties is discussed. The investigation method will serve as a fundamental component of twisted fiber bundle/yarn analysis.     

温度分布对复合材料壁板颤振特性的影响

为了分析不同温度分布对复合材料壁板的颤振临界速压和非线性极限环颤振幅值的影 响,将壁板面内的温度分布简化为线性分布情况和非线性二次曲面分布,建立了受 热复合材料壁板颤振的有限元模型,并分别在频域和时域内对受热复合材料壁板的临界颤振 速压和极限环颤振响应进行了求解。结果表明,温度分布的梯度效应使得壁板颤振临界速压 降低并使极限环颤振幅值增大;而非线性温度分布的曲率效应使得颤振临界速压升高。采用 面内 温度均匀分布的模型求解壁板的颤振边界,既有可能得到偏“保守”的解,也有可能得到偏 “危险”的解,而且当壁板温度分布的非线性效应较强时,不仅要考虑壁板温度分布的梯度 效应,还要考虑温度分布的曲率效应对壁板颤振特性的影响。
     

航天智能复合材料的发展与应用

介绍了智能复合材料的系统组成,以及传感器、致动器和控制器等实现的关键及其功能。讨论了航天结构健康监测,结构自适应、减振与自愈合,以及弹性记忆复合材料(EMC)的原理和典型应用。     

Vectran织物复合材料冲击响应与失效模式分析

文章以Vectran纤维织物与涂覆低温硅胶的Vectran织物复合材料为研究对象,通过低速冲击实验研究了材料的冲击响应与破坏模式,分析了冲击速率、冲头尺寸与冲头形状对材料冲击特性的影响。实验结果表明:Vectran纤维织物冲击破坏模式主要为主纱线的拉伸破坏,以及冲头非接触区域纱线的弹塑性变形与滑移;涂覆硅胶的Vectran织物复合材料冲击破坏模式主要为纤维断裂和拔出;织物复合材料具有明显的应变速率效应。     

硼酸酯键合剂在丁羟四组元推进剂中作用机理研究

采用反相气相色谱仪测试了BA-5键合剂,RDX,AP和HTPB-TDI胶片的表面酸碱性参数,并估算出各组分之间的界面相互作用焓。结果表明ΔHBA-RDX和ΔHBA-AP均显著大于ΔHBA-HTPB,证实键合剂BA-5与RDX,AP作用力远大于与粘合剂作用力,能在混合过程中优先迁移吸附在RDX,AP颗粒表面,并产生强烈吸附。采用电子能谱仪定性表征了RDX,AP从HTPB中吸附BA-5的情况。结果表明:随着电子束加速电压降低,测试厚度变小,AP样品中硼原子含量增加,证实BA-5是吸附在AP的表面。结合组分基团活性分析,阐述了BA-5键合剂的作用机理。     

受剪复合材料层合板开口应力应变分析研究

复合材料比强度、比刚度高,抗疲劳性能好,因此,越来越广泛地应用在航空、汽车和许多工程结构中,尤其是在航空领域。使用复合材料不但可明显减轻飞机结构质量,提高其结构疲劳寿命,还可提高结构效率,改善特定的气动性能,提高战斗机的作战性能。因此,在过去的30年里,复合材料在军用、民用飞机上的用量不断增加。复合材料在飞机结构上的用量增加的同时,在飞机结构中的使用范围也不断拓宽,使用部位从受力不大的部件如整流罩、前后缘、扰流板等次承力部位,到受力很大的水平安定面、垂直安定面、机翼等。随着复合材料的广泛应用,也会遇到一些新的问题。如在机翼结构中,尤其是在带整体油箱的机翼结构上（蒙皮、梁、肋）,由于使用要求,如保证油路、工艺施工、检查维修、设备安装、管道通过等,不可避免要在结构上布置各种类型、大小不同的开口或开孔。开口会改变结构的受力特性。因此有必要对复合材料层合板开口进行仔细的研究。本文主要针对受剪作用的复合材料层合板,运用工程软件计算分析了多种开口形状、开口方位、开口倒角大小等对层合板应力、应变集中的影响。对于薄板而言,易发生失稳破坏,本文最后对开口形状对层合板稳定性影响也进行了探讨。     

一种基于高阶剪切变形板模型的有限元算法

为了较好地模拟复合材料层合板的变形并得到较为精确的应力分布,本文基于Reddy提出的高阶剪切变形板模型建立了一种新型有限元。该模型保证横向剪应力沿板厚度方向呈抛物分布,在板的上下表面为零,从而很好地满足力边界条件。有限元算法构造的出发点是修正的虚功泛函,引入Lagrange乘子放松了挠度在单元边界之间的连续性,使得挠度的构造变得简单;由于通过常应力分片检查,所以有限元算法的收敛性得到了保证。此外,本算法的数值结果具有对单元网格形状不敏感、精度好和计算效率高的性质。