萤火一号宽视场彩色相机的设计及地面检测

介绍了宽视场彩色相机工作原理、相机方案及设计结果. 发射前实验室检测结果表明, 整机静态分辨率达180 lp/mm, 信噪比为34 dB. 用户在发射前对宽视场彩色相机的成像效果进行了初步评估, 认为宽视场彩色相机能够正常工作, 数据格式正确, 图像质量优良, 能够进行稳定的数据观测, 采集与下传. 最后介绍了相机在研制过程中采用的一些新技术.      

中英色彩语言的诠释

本文运用比较的方法分析了中英两种语言中颜色词的异同，说明由于受历史传统、社会习俗，宗教信仰以及民族心理等因素的影响，不同的民族国家表示颜色的方法和用词不尽相同。了解并掌握这些颜色词及其受文化影响而形成的各种固定用法，对中西文化交流有一定实际意义。     

Chlorophyll,calcite, and suspended sediment concentrations in the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea at the river mouths

Chlorophyll and suspended sediment concentrations (SSC) and sea surface temperature (SST) are important parameters in assessing the productivity of coastal regions. Numerous rivers flow into the eastern (Ganga, Subernarekha, Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna, Penner, and Kaveri) and western (Narmada, Tapti, and Indus) coasts of the Indian sub-continent. Using IRS P4 (Oceansat-1) Ocean Color Monitor (OCM) and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data, we have retrieved chlorophyll, calcite, and SSC near the mouth of these rivers for the period during 2000–2004. The maxima of chlorophyll-a concentrations at the river mouth is much higher for the Himalayan and north India rivers (Ganga, Subernarekha, Mahanadi, and Indus) (10–14 mg/m³) compared to rivers in the southern parts of India (Kaveri and Penner) (∼4 mg/m³). The maxima of calcite concentration (∼45 moles/m³), chlorophyll (∼14 mg/m³), and sediment concentrations (∼9 g/m³) near river mouth are found to be influenced by river discharges (Ganga and Brahmaputra) during the monsoon season. The calcite concentration (∼45 moles/m³) at the mouth of Ganga river shows a major peak with the onset of monsoon season (June–July) followed by a maxima in chlorophyll-a with a time lag of 1–2 months. The Krishna, Kaveri, and Penner rivers show low chlorophyll concentrations (3–8 mg/m³), high calcite (0–40 moles/m³), and low SSC (<3 g/m³) compared to Narmada and Tapti rivers (chlorophyll-a 12–14 mg/m³, calcite 0–2 moles/m³, and SSC 13–19 g/m³). The Indus river shows similar behavior (maxima of chlorophyll ∼13 mg/m³ and SSC ∼8 g/m³) with respect to Ganga river except for high calcite concentration during winter months (∼25 moles/m³). The characteristics of the chlorophyll, calcite, and SSC at the mouth of these rivers show spatial and temporal variability along the eastern and westerns coasts of India which are found to differ widely. A comparison of the chlorophyll concentrations using OCM and MODIS data shows low chlorophyll concentrations in the Bay of Bengal as compared to the Arabian Sea.     

基于四元数理论的彩色图像脉冲噪声开关滤波

根据四元数单位变换理论定义了一种新的描述彩色图像像素点间差异的距离,该距离可以同时描述两个彩色像素点在强度和色度上的差异.利用该距离和图像边缘的结构性与方向性,构造了一种基于四元数的开关型彩色图像脉冲噪声滤波器.该滤波器对像素点进行4个方向上的噪声检测并仅对检测为噪声的像素点进行滤波.实验表明:该滤波器能够在去除彩色图像中的相关和非相关噪声的同时保护图像细节,同时具有比传统方法更快的执行速度.     

硬笔写生的色彩借鉴与表现--浅谈美术设计专业的速写教学

速写是线的艺术也是黑白的艺术.在教学实践中,应从其它黑白造型艺术(如中国水墨与白描、黑白装饰画、图案、版画等)中吸取营养,让学生借鉴这些造型艺术形式中的黑白美学原则,并熟练运用"线条"和"色彩"两种语言来表现自然.     

基于加强模糊聚类的航空行李图像超像素分割

在自助行李托运系统拍摄的行李图像库中检索错误运输的行李时,图像背景会严重影响检索精度。针对该问题提出了一种加强模糊聚类算法（EnFCM）的超像素分割方法,实现了行李目标区域的提取。通过多尺度形态学重建梯度图像,设计了自适应上限尺度的分水岭超像素预分割算法,得到多个独立的超像素区域。对超像素图像进行直方图统计,并结合分水岭分割参数和实际行李图像内容的类别数量进行超像素的加强模糊聚类,得到行李区域。通过多个实际行李图像的分割实验验证了算法的有效性,平均分割精度达到93%,超过多个典型的分割算法。     

Merged series of normalized water leaving radiances obtained from multiple satellite missions for the Mediterranean Sea

Merging time series of ocean color-derived products provided by independent satellite missions supports related biogeochemical and environmental applications by combining temporally overlapping data sets and by increasing data coverage. The creation of a merged series of normalized water leaving radiances _LWN$L_{\text{WN}}$, the primary ocean color product, is presented for the Mediterranean Sea using the SeaWiFS and MODIS data records. The merging relies on an optically-based technique that combines the available _LWN$L_{\text{WN}}$ signal in a spectrally consistent way. Validation statistics indicate uncertainties associated with the merged _LWN$L_{\text{WN}}$ decreasing from 23% at 412 nm to 12% in the 500- to 555-nm spectral range. The inter-comparison of the sensor-specific products, conducted at the scale of the basin for daily-to-monthly time scales, indicates an overall consistency. The level of differences varies with the wavelength considered and shows a marked seasonal cycle, with differences that tend to be higher in winter. The merged series is remarkably consistent with the sensor-specific data, with average absolute percent differences lower than 10% for all wavelengths below 555 nm. The benefit of merging in terms of sampling frequency over the basin is also illustrated. A merged series of _LWN$L_{\text{WN}}$ data based on the two considered missions provides valid data over 36% of the basin area on a daily basis.     

一种新的目标跟踪特征融合方法

在粒子滤波目标跟踪框架下,给出一种基于颜色直方图和边缘直方图的新特征融合算法．该算法是一种通过颜色和边缘直方图的特征波和熵实现特征之间粒子数重分配的方法。通过实验比较本文算法与单特征跟踪算法的跟踪误差,结果表明本文方法较传统依靠单一特征进行目标跟踪的粒子滤波方法,在运算时间增幅不明显的情况下,实现了更为准确的目标跟踪,并可稳定的应用于运动背景下的动目标跟踪、背景光照变化下的多目标跟踪以及多目标发生相互遮挡等情况。     

基于色彩恒常性的彩色图像增强改进算法

将色彩恒常性算法应用于彩色图像增强中,在分析McCann Retinex算法的基础上．针对迭代参教的选取问题作出了改进。改进的算法基于一种迭代截止条件,对参数进行自适应选取,避免了人工设定,并同时减少了整个算法的运算量。实验结果表明,改进后的算法对彩色图像的颜色、亮度、对比度处理的结果符合人眼视觉系统的感知特性,应用于彩色人脸检测的预处理后,人脸正确检测率提高了1．5%。     

基于多通道投影系统的纹理表面实时绘制技术

随着投影机硬件性能的提升与计算机图形图像技术的不断发展,投影技术被应用于越来越多的物体表面以提供更为生动震撼的视觉效果.提出了一种使用多通道投影系统和交互式平板设备对纹理表面进行实时绘制的方法.在分析系统颜色模型的基础上,提出了颜色参数恢复以及投影能量合理分配的算法.通过高效的交互渲染方式保证系统可以实时稳定地将绘制图像无畸变地显示于物体表面.实验结果表明,提出的方法在提高系统补偿精度的同时也提高了系统的亮度范围,在保证交互端与渲染端高度同步的前提下实时地对目标图像进行补偿.