基于认知无线电的空间S频段测控新途径

针对空间S频段频谱资源紧缺问题,文章提出基于认知无线电的空间S频段测控方案初步设想,阐述相关的技术原理、构成与数据流和网络构架设计,并对方案前景效益进行了分析。     

从空战制胜机理演变看未来战斗机发展趋势

制空权是当代战争一切空中行动的前提条件,而承担空中优势重任的战斗机的研发工作长期以来为各军事大国所重视。数十年来,美军在空战理论、战斗机研发和空战实践等方面具有领先优势,已率先完成由能量机动制胜向信息机动制胜的空战能力转变。随着自主、人工智能、无人、通信、计算等技术的快速进步,美军正在塑造以下一代战斗机为核心,以复杂空战系统为基本空战单元的新空战形态,认知机动制胜将是未来空中对抗的制胜机理。本文将系统梳理空战制胜机理的演变历程,结合当前技术发展与布局,研判未来战斗机发展趋势。     

网电空间认知电子战技术

首先探讨了网电空间与认知电子战的内涵与联系,阐述了认知电子战属于网电对抗领域的观点,即认知电子战通过学习、评估、决策的融合,构建信息对抗的闭环,进而引导网电空间内的感知与攻防;随后,结合认知电子战技术发展现状、趋势以及闭环的特点,提出了一种适用于战场网电认知的信息对抗平台架构,分析了平台功能需求与关键技术;最后,展望了研究成果在网电对抗中的应用前景。     

认知无线电网络中的喷泉编译码技术研究

针对认知无线电网络（CRN）中授权信号时间和频率的不确定性导致CR用户工作频率甚至链路质量具有严重的时变性等特点,提出利用喷泉码的编解码技术解决上述问题。阐述了喷泉码的编解码原理,对喷泉码应用于认知无线电的系统性能进行了仿真分析．仿真结果表明．由于喷泉码无需反馈以及编解码复杂度低的特性,在CRN网络的时变信道环境下能实现链路维持,提高了系统的传输性能。     

民航专业英语教学法初探

通过对历年来常见英语教学方法的对比,结合民航所需人才模式和专业英语教学的现状分析,提出民航专业英语教学应针对成年人学习英语的特点,发展以认知法和交际法为主,兼收其他之长的教学方法。认为专业英语教学应立足于语言标准、信息充实的教材,重视语法教学,着重培养学生的速读和速译能力,在阅读基础上发展会话能力。     

基于CNS性能及人为因素的纵向碰撞风险研究

为了分析CNS性能及人为因素对航空器在平行航路的安全间距影响,基于雷达管制环境下管制员对航空器纵向穿越的干预过程,在传统碰撞风险模型的基础上引入认知可靠性与失误分析方法(CREAM),综合考虑通信、导航、监视(Communication,Navigation and Surveillance,CNS)性能以及人为因素,建立了包含人的认知可靠性的平行航路纵向碰撞风险模型.并通过算例分析了CNS性能以及人因可靠性对平行航路碰撞风险的影响.结果表明,导航性能对航路的纵向碰撞风险影响较大;通过提高人的认知可靠性可以有效地提高平行航路的安全水平.     

词汇、短语和句式层面上否定构式翻译的认知研究

为了进行翻译创造性的认知研究,分析归纳了词汇形态、短语、句式的语言不同层面的否定构式类型,运用了构式和词汇(词干)的双向互动理论、构式压制理论、心理空间理论、交互主观性理论、认知隐喻理论,融合了构式语法和认知语言学理论于翻译研究中,揭示了翻译创造性研究与人们的认知思维、心理表征和语境密切相关,拓宽了翻译的认知研究范围,为构式语法和认知语言学理论融合互补于翻译研究,提供了借鉴方法。     

The cognitive adequacy of Allen's interval calculus for qualitative spatial representation and reasoning

Qualitative spatial reasoning (QSR) is often claimed to be cognitively more plausible than conventional numerical approaches to spatial reasoning, because it copes with the indeterminacy of spatial data and allows inferences based on incomplete spatial knowledge. The paper reports experimental results concerning the cognitive adequacy of an important approach used in QSR, namely the spatial interpretation of the interval calculus introduced by Allen (1983). Knauff, Rauh and Schlieder (1995) distinguished between the conceptual and inferential cognitive adequacy of Allen's interval calculus. The former refers to the thirteen base relations as a representational system and the latter to the compositions of these relations as a tool for reasoning. The results of two memory experiments on conceptual adequacy show that people use ordinal information similar to the interval relations when representing and remembering spatial arrangements. Furthermore, symmetry transformations on the interval relations were found to be responsible for most of the errors, whereas conceptualneighborhood theory did not appear to correspond to cognitively relevant concepts. Inferential adequacy was investigated by two reasoning experiments and the results show that in inference tasks where the number of possible interval relations for the composition is more than one, subjects ignore numerous possibilities and interindividually prefer the same relations. Reorientations and transpositions operating on the relations seem to be important for reasoning performance as well, whereas conceptual neighborhood did not appear to affect the difficulty of reasoning tasks based on the interval relations.     

On early cognitive mapping

In this paper we examine the nature of theearly cognitive map – the beginnings of acognitive map formed from one's earlyimpressions of the environment one is in. Twodistinct paradigms have emerged from ourstudies of what information is initially identified in a cognitive map. The first, which weterm a space-based approach, emphasises makingexplicit the spatial extent of the currentlocal environment. The second emphasises makingexplicit the relationships between objects inthe local environment and we call this anobject-based approach. For both paradigms weexamine the psychological literature to findsupport for the approach and the roboticists'attempts at implementing the idea. We arguethat a space-based approach is the moreappropriate way to compute an early cognitivemap. In particular, we find that Siegel andWhite's (1975) object-based hypothesis, whichstates that the developmental progression of acognitive map is from landmark to route tosurvey map, is not supported. The space-basedparadigm underpins our own work in this areaand we outline our own space-based theory forcomputing an early cognitive map.     

“隐喻自洽”理论在民航术语翻译中的应用研究

基于认知语言学的隐喻构建理论，本文分析了翻译者的受喻者和施喻者双重身份，并且在专业经验和感知选择两个维度上应用自洽工具来翻译隐喻性的民航专业术语，以改进民航专业术语的翻译和教学工作。