液环泵叶轮叶片轴向叶顶间隙微射流流动机理及性能分析

液环泵的轴向间隙泄漏流对其水力性能有重要的影响,为了抑制其叶片轴向叶顶间隙泄漏流动,提升水力性能,以2BEA-203型液环泵为研究对象,在叶片轴端间隙引入微射流,采用数值模拟方法对比分析微射流对间隙泄漏流场及液环泵性能的影响机理。分析结果表明:轴向间隙射流能够有效地抑制间隙泄漏,液环泵的效率及真空度均在一定范围内提升。叶片轴向间隙内射流孔出口处会形成一相对高压区,微射流排挤占用一部分间隙的流道,部分射流与压力面泄漏流相互作用形成间隙涡,阻滞泄漏流动,使得叶片间隙泄漏流强度降低,叶片背面后方的泄漏涡前移。液环泵叶轮轴向间隙泄漏流存在复杂的时空分布特征,湍动能分布由吸气区沿叶旋方向逐渐增强,受微射流抑制作用,射流型叶轮间隙吸力面侧的湍动能强度要明显弱于原型叶轮间隙;泄漏流强度沿弦线方向逐渐减弱,微射流的部分流体沿弦线方向流入叶片轴向间隙,排挤占用下游间隙的流道,提升了叶顶间隙的密封性能。      

空间2-RSSS机构的误差分析

对低速运动带间隙空间2-RSSS机构的误差展开研究,首先建立了带间隙的空间2-RSSS机构的误差模型,并基于二力杆假设把约束副间隙误差转化成为杆长误差,在保持精度的条件下简化了误差模型.其次推导了敏度矩阵的参数化表示,并建立了该机构的误差仿真模型,求解了敏度矩阵的参量,该敏度矩阵解法结合了符号推导的规律性明显和数值计算结果精确的优势.最后基于数值仿真验证了近似敏度矩阵求解的有效性,并对该机构的误差进行了分析,给出了在确定加工精度条件下约束副间隙影响指向误差的关键参数以及这些关键参数的优化设计准则.      

充气式机翼的颤振特性分析

充气式机翼的结构刚度由内充气压决定,其颤振特性需要建立静、动力学耦合的分析方法.机翼结构刚度和固有振动特性需要在静力分析基础上计算,进一步计算非定常气动力,从而采用传统的颤振计算方法分析其颤振特性.针对某一充气式机翼采用膜单元建立了有限元模型.在不同内充压条件下,对充气机翼进行了静力分析得到其结构刚度;然后对机翼进行模态计算和颤振分析.研究表明:各阶模态的频率随内充气压的升高而升高;除典型的弯扭模态外,充气机翼的弦向弯曲模态频率较低;充气机翼的颤振形式除常规的弯扭模态耦合外,弦向弯曲模态同样会发生颤振;机翼的临界颤振速度随内充压的变化近似呈分段线性变化;临界颤振模态及耦合分支在一定气压范围内保持不变.      

准互易光学电压传感器的电场计算与误差分析

针对一种新型的具有准互易反射式光路结构的光学电压传感器,设计了基于锗酸铋(BGO,Bi₄Ge₃O₁₂)晶体横向调制方式的高压探头.采用ANSYS有限元分析软件对所设计的高压探头进行电场计算,得到了探头内的电场及电势分布;讨论了探头内电场分布不均匀及干扰电场导致的测量误差.计算结果表明:标准条件下探头的最高可测电压不低于15 kV;电场分布不均匀导致光沿着晶体内不同路径传输时,电场强度对路径的积分结果即测量电压不同,影响传感器的稳定性和测量精度;探头内干扰电场导致0~5 kV范围内最大测量误差达1.2‰,这一测量误差对于2‰精度的电压传感器是不可忽略的.      

A fatigue damage-cumulative model in peridynamics

While the present structural integrity evaluation method is based on the philosophy of assumed similitude, Fatigue and Damage Tolerance (F&DT) evaluations for next generation of air-vehicles require high-fidelity physical models within cyberspace. To serve the needs of F&DT evaluation in digital twin paradigm, a fatigue damage-cumulative model within peridynamic framework is proposed in this paper. Based on the concept of fatigue element block and damage accumulation law in form of Coffin-Manson relationship, the proposed model applies to both fatigue crack initiation and fatigue crack growth; fatigue crack growth rates under constant-amplitude and simple variable-amplitude block loading cases can be well predicted for three common structural materials without inputs of Paris law parameters. Additionally, the proposed model can also be easily extended to a probabilistic version; for verification, multiple-site-damage problems are simulated and the statistic nature of fatigue process in experiments can be well captured. In the end, main features of the proposed model are summarized, and distinctions from the other models are discussed. There may be a potential for the peridynamic damage-cumulative model proposed in this work to numerically predict fatigue problems in digital twin paradigm for future generations of aerospace vehicles.     

碰摩作用下盘片榫连结构接触特性的响应分析

以某压气机燕尾形榫连结构为研究对象,基于ANSYS有限元软件,建立了盘片的有限元模型.用脉冲力模拟局部碰摩时的碰摩力,分析了两种碰摩情况对榫连结构接触特性的影响,首先分析了侵入量为定值时,不同转速对榫连结构接触特性的影响,接着分析了当转速为定值时,不同侵入量对榫连结构接触特性的影响.研究结果表明:随着转速的升高,榫连结构的最大接触压力和最大接触滑移距离不断的增加,最大接触压力变化规律变得更加复杂,而最大接触滑移距离变化规律逐渐趋于稳定并且最大接触滑移距离之间的变化幅度减小.随着侵入量的增加,榫连结构的最大接触压力以及最大接触滑移距离都会增大,但过大的侵入量将导致最大接触滑移距离发生突变.通过分析不同工况下几个节点接触压力及接触滑移距离的频谱响应,发现碰摩会产生转频的高倍频成分,当转频的倍频成分接近叶片固有频率时会出现倍频幅值放大现象.      

基于响应面方法的印制电路板模型修正

近年来,基于响应面的优化分析技术被用于有限元模型修正.给出了基于响应面方法的印制电路板(PCB,Printed Circuit Board)模型修正过程.首先利用ANSYS计算PCB的前6阶模态频率并与模态试验结果进行相关性分析;然后分别利用有限元分析和模态试验的前3阶模态频率构造3个目标函数,再利用前6阶共振频率的残差平方和构造第4个目标函数,每个共振频率的权重相同;最后利用多目标函数遗传算法进行优化分析,使得4个目标函数最小化.给出了一个案例对上述的修正过程进行了阐述.分析结果表明,基于响应面的模型修正技术可用于改善PCB的有限元模型,且可利用已有的商业有限元软件直接进行分析,易于工程应用.      

Nonlinear vibration response characteristics of a dual-rotor-bearing system with squeeze film damper

Rolling bearing and Squeeze Film Damper (SFD) are used in rotor support structures, and most researches on the nonlinear rotor-bearing system are focused on the simple rotor-bearing systems. This work emphasizes the comparative analysis of the influence of SFD on the nonlinear dynamic behavior of the dual-rotor system supported by rolling bearings. Firstly, a reduced dynamic model is established by combining the Finite Element (FE) method and the free-interface method of component mode synthesis. The proposed model is verified by comparing the natural characteristics obtained from an FE model with those from the experiment. Then, the steady-state vibration responses of the system with or without SFD are solved by the numerical integration method. The influences of the ball bearing clearance, unbalance, centralizing spring stiffness and oil film clearance of SFD on the nonlinear steady-state vibration responses of the dual-rotor system are analyzed. Results show that SFD can effectively suppress the amplitude jump of the dual rotor system sustaining two rotors unbalance excitations. As the ball bearing clearance or unbalance increases, the amplitude jump phenomenon becomes more obvious, the resonance hysteresis phenomenon strengthens or weakens, the resonant peaks shift to the left or the right, respectively. SFD with unreasonable parameters will aggravate the system vibration, the smaller the oil film clearance, the better the damping performance of the SFD, the larger the centralizing spring stiffness is, the larger resonance amplitudes are.