基于纹理的活动轮廓三维图像分割研究

对具高噪声和低对比度三维图像的识别和分割算法进行了研究。基于活动轮廓模型,用Gabor变换提取图像的纹理特征,根据统计学信息假设,通过偏微分方程水平集和窄带方法求解,获得较基本活动轮廓的算法分割更光滑精确的物体轮廓。实验结果表明:改进模型算法的效率和准确度达到预期效果。     

一种基于图像的星体表面撞击坑自动提取方法

以星体表面的图像数据为基础,根据撞击坑的向阳面呈亮色调而背阳面呈暗色调的原理,提出了一种基于图像的星体表面撞击坑自动提取方法。该方法先用自适应双阈值分割法对星体表面的光学图像进行分割处理,获取图像中明暗区域的形状和位置信息;再用统计学原理分析明暗区域组成结构、像平面上光照方向,结合相关的约束条件来匹配同一撞击坑的明暗区域,同时拟合出撞击坑的外边缘并确定其半径、位置等信息。实验结果表明,该方法能够从常见的星体表面光学图像中快速、可靠地提取出撞击坑的中心位置和半径大小,具有较宽的普适应性和一定的应用价值。     

Aerial-BiSeNet: A real-time semantic segmentation network for high resolution aerial imagery

The aircraft system has recently gained its reputation as a reliable and efficient tool for sensing and parsing aerial scenes. However, accurate and fast semantic segmentation of high-resolution aerial images for remote sensing applications is still facing three challenges: the requirements for limited processing resources and low-latency operations based on aerial platforms, the balance between high accuracy and real-time efficiency for model performance, and the confusing objects with large intra-class variations and small inter-class differences in high-resolution aerial images. To address these issues, a lightweight and dual-path deep convolutional architecture, namely Aerial Bilateral Segmentation Network (Aerial-BiSeNet), is proposed to perform real-time segmentation on high-resolution aerial images with favorable accuracy. Specifically, inspired by the receptive field concept in human visual systems, Receptive Field Module (RFM) is proposed to encode rich multi-scale contextual information. Based on channel attention mechanism, two novel modules, called Feature Attention Module (FAM) and Channel Attention based Feature Fusion Module (CAFFM) respectively, are proposed to refine and combine features effectively to boost the model performance. Aerial-BiSeNet is evaluated on the Potsdam and Vaihingen datasets, where leading performance is reported compared with other state-of-the-art models, in terms of both accuracy and efficiency.     

无需先验信息的水平集SAR图像分割方法

给出了一种基于水平集演化、无需任何先验信息的SAR图像分割方法.该方法是一种基于区域信息的统计活动轮廓模型方法,通过利用分段阶跃函数估计图像概率密度函数,克服了利用特定概率分布模型估计概率密度函数时,需要利用先验信息预先假定图像概率分布模型的问题;通过引入惩罚项,避免了费时且难于操作的水平集函数重新初始化过程.还给出了具体的数值实现方案和相关参数取值,改进了数值实现中的迭代终止条件.实验结果表明,固定使用列出的参数,无需任何人为干预,对于大多数图像都可获得令人满意的分割结果;对于少数图像,通过简单的参数调整也可得到良好结果.     

基于多特征的高分遥感图像分割算法研究

针对传统的图像分割算法不能完全适用具有多种特征〖BF〗（〖BFQ〗光谱特征、纹理特征和几何特征〖BF〗）〖BFQ〗的高分辨率遥感图像的问题,提出了一种基于多特征的遥感图像分割算法。算法基于改进的均值漂移滤波和自动标记分水岭分割方法来实现最终分割。首先利用自动标记分水岭分割方法对遥感图像进行分割,进而采用仿射不变矩形状特征算子提取图像几何特征;其次对图像进行主成分分析,计算第一主成分灰度共生矩阵,分析矩阵特性得出纹理特征;然后结合光谱特征通过改进的均值漂移方法得到多特征滤波结果;最后利用分水岭分割方法实现高分辨率遥感图像分割。为了表明算法的分割效果,利用基于多光谱信息熵方法对算法和单一的分水岭分割方法进行非监督评价。研究结果表明,算法可较好地改善遥感图像的过分割问题,是一种适合高空间分辨率多光谱遥感图像的分割算法。     

A model of the effects of heavy ion radiation on human tissue

In heavy ion radiotherapy and space travel humans are exposed to energetic heavy ions (C, Si, Fe and others). This type of irradiation often produces more severe biological effects per unit dose than more common X-rays. A new Monte Carlo model generates a physical space with the complex geometry of human tissue or a cell culture based model of tissue, which is affected by the passage of ionizing radiation. For irradiation, the model relies on a physical code for the ion track structure; for tissues, cellular maps are derived from two- or three-dimensional confocal microscopy images using image segmentation algorithm, which defines cells as pixilated volumes. The model is used to study tissue-specific statistics of direct ion hits and the remote ion action on cells. As an application of the technique, we considered the spatial pattern of apoptotic cells after heavy ion irradiation. The pattern of apoptosis is modeled as a stochastic process, which is defined by the action cross section taken from available experimental data. To characterize the degree of apoptosis, an autocorrelation function that describes the spatial correlation of apoptotic cells is introduced. The values of the autocorrelation function demonstrate the effect of the directionality of the radiation track on the spatial arrangements of inactivated cells in tissue. This effect is intrinsic only to high linear-energy-transfer radiation.     

基于小波包分解和FCM聚类的纹理图像分割方法

提出了一种新的图像特征提取中选取最优小波分解树的方法.塔式小波分解对信号解不够全面,而小波包全分解又引入庞大的计算量,因此小波分解最优树的选取尤为重要.结合模糊c均值(FCM,Fuzzy C-Mean)聚类,提出了一种能同时进行小波自适应分解和纹理特征分类的纹理图像分割方法,该方法将无监督聚类中的聚类有效性参数引入到自适应小波分解的判决中,能根据无监督聚类分割的需要,自适应地选取小波包分解的树形结构和分解层数.相对于小波包全分解,节省了大量的运算,并能取得良好的分割效果.      

彩色图像分割算法研究与费歇算法应用

图像分割是图像分析和模式识别需要解决的首要问题和经典难题。彩色图像比灰度图像具有更多的视觉信息,因而受到了越来越多的重视。文中对各种彩色图像分割方法进行了系统论述,分析了各种方法的优缺点,重点介绍了费歇算法。该算法能有效地对彩色图像进行分割,在工业实践中取得了比较好的效果。     

一种相变热图的图像处理方法

相变热图技术中,为了得到风洞试验模型表面的热流分布,必须对相变热图序列进行相变线提取.首先通过特殊的时-空变换,将所有原始序列图像的直接分割转化为对少量合成图像的分割,在减小计算量的同时较好地解决了原始图像中由于相变区域模糊而难以分割的问题.同时,为了解决由于模型表面存在镜面反射造成的模型头部区域相变线提取不准确,引入镜面反射模型,并通过分割和参数求取过程的迭代执行计算出反射模型各参数,对合成图像进行整体性亮度补偿并最终得到良好的分割结果.最后根据提取出的相变线位置和材料相变温度,完成热流值的计算.通过比较表明本文结果更为准确合理,也验证了所提出分割方法的有效性,促进相变测温技术的广泛应用.     

An ensemble deep learning based shoreline segmentation approach (WaterNet) from Landsat 8 OLI images

Shorelines constantly vary due to natural, urbanization and anthropogenic effects such as global warming, population growth, and environmental pollution. Sustainable monitoring of coastal changes is vital in terms of coastal resource management, environmental preservation and planning. Publicly available Landsat 8 OLI (Operational Land Manager) images provide accurate, reliable, temporal and up-to-date information about coastal areas. Recently, the use of machine learning and deep learning algorithms have become widespread. In this study, we used our public Landsat 8 OLI satellite image dataset to create a majority voting method which is an ensemble automatic shoreline segmentation system (WaterNet) to obtain shorelines automatically. For this purpose, different deep learning architectures have been utilized namely as Standard U-Net, Dilated U-Net, Fractal U-Net, FC-DenseNet, and Pix2Pix. Also, we have suggested a novel framework to create labeling data from OpenStreetMap service to create a unique dataset called YTU-WaterNet. According to the results, IoU and F1 scores have been calculated as 99.59% and 99.79% for the WaterNet. The results indicate that the WaterNet method outperforms other methods in terms of shoreline extraction from Landsat 8 OLI satellite images.