直流高电压电阻分压器的设计与实现

对直流高压电阻分压器的设计进行了较为详细的论述.通过对所用电阻的合理选择和组合,并采取了正确的分压比测量方案和等电位屏蔽措施,保证了分压比的准确和稳定.     

Blockage effect on the flow around a cylinder probe in calibration

Flow around a 2-D cylinder pressure probe placed in uniform flow,free jet flow,and wind tunnel flow was analyzed with potential flow theory and simulated with numerical method.Blockage effect was investigated under several typical flow Mach numbers.The result from numerical simulation shows a similar trend to the one from potential flow method while varies in quantity.Wind tunnel walls accelerate the flow near the probe and thus produce a blockage effect;Boundary of free jet flow,however,decelerates the flow and thus produces a "negative" blockage effect.A maximum incoming Mach number exists when the probe is calibrated in wind tunnel in high subsonic condition due to choking caused by shocks and shock induced separation.The critical Mach number varies with blockage ratio,which makes high Mach number impossible to achieve in large blockage ratio condition.The blockage effect itself is unavoidable for calibration or measurement although a sufficiently small blockage ratio brings minor effect.Correction can be implemented based on the numerical simulation result presented in this paper and further works.      

半柔壁喷管型面设计与校准方法研究

半柔壁喷管是跨超声速风洞柔壁喷管的一种类型,由喉道块、可变型面的柔板及出口端板等部分构成。半柔壁喷管具有长度短、支撑机构数量少、建设成本低、系统可靠性高、运行维护成本低等优点。鉴于半柔壁喷管的各项优点,航空工业气动院的0.6 m连续式跨声速风洞和2.4 m连续式跨声速风洞均采用半柔壁喷管。本文以0.6 m风洞的半柔壁喷管为例,详细介绍航空工业气动院的半柔壁喷管型面设计方法,主要内容包括曲率连续的喷管无黏型面设计方法、曲率连续的附面层位移厚度计算方法、喷管型面的迭代设计方法、半柔壁喷管设计方法和喉道块上游型线设计方法。本文提出了一种根据计算流体动力学（Computational fluid dynamics,CFD）和流场校测结果调节附面层位移厚度的喷管型面校准方法,有效地提高了喷管型面出口马赫数的精准度。半柔壁喷管流场校测结果表明,半柔壁喷管菱形区的马赫数偏差小,流场均匀性良好,达到国军标先进水平。     

对检定与校准、检定规程与校准规范的再认识

近年来,对检定与校准、检定规程与校准规范的区别及各自的重要性,不少资料和文章都做了叙述与讨论,本文结合工作实践,从测量器具的检定与校准、检定规程与校准规范的编写等方面,谈谈对其再认识。     

DGPS/IMU integration-based geolocation system: Airborne experimental test results

This paper addresses differential global positioning system (DGPS)/inertial measurement unit (IMU) integration-based geolocation system developed for airborne remote sensing cameras. First, we provide a brief review on sensor calibration, alignment and sensor fusion as background material of this research. After presenting those background material, as a main part of this paper we present a geolocation algorithm designed for an airborne imaging system. The geolocation system developed is tested through actual airborne experiments. For the verification of the geolocation system developed, we compare initial stationary states of the airplane before-taking off with states after-landing. From the actual test results, we find that it is critical to do an accurate time synchronization between IMU, DGPS, and airborne images, and to compensate for the data delay occurred during the network transfer.     

某型飞机/发动机模拟板设计与校准

为满足某型飞机/发动机相容性试验要求,提出了一种基于插板试验数据的半经验方法,用于模拟板的设计.在获得模拟板大致轮廓和阻力系数校验的基础上,通过模型的吹风校准试验和若干次环面基元畸变指数的调整,对比目标图谱的环面畸变强度和环面低压区大小,确定开孔的环面、孔的数量和孔的尺寸.结果表明,模拟的流场可满足某型飞机/发动机试验的要求.      

横向气流中的液体圆形射流破碎实验

采用了高速摄像仪对横向气流场中的液体圆形射流破碎过程进行了研究.实验中使用的喷嘴喷孔直径为0.3 mm,研究液体工质采用水,液气两相动量通量比的范围为10.2～80.结果表明,射流表面初始波动是蛇形波动,在气动力作用下逐渐发展成螺旋状表面波,最终增长到一定程度使得液体断开.随着气流速度的增加,气动力在射流破碎过程中将取代表面张力而占据主导地位,而且螺旋状表面波幅值会随气流速度增加而增加.射流运动轨迹脉动幅度随气流速度增加而增强,随射流速度增加而减弱.同时给出了射流破碎位置坐标与液气两相动量通量比之间的关系式,以及射流液柱在破碎点之前类似抛物线的轨迹曲线公式.      

Performance of GPS-based accelerometry: A simulation experiment

Recent studies have shown that with the availability of high-quality CHAMP and GRACE gravity field models, it is feasible to determine accurate non-gravitational accelerations for low Earth orbiting satellites indirectly from precise GPS satellite-to-satellite observations. Possible applications of this so-called GPS-based accelerometry approach consist of accelerometer calibration and atmospheric density and wind computations. With the growing number of high-quality space-borne GPS receivers, this method could be applied to a large range of satellites. In this paper an extensive simulation study has been carried out, based on real accelerometer data from the GRACE mission, in order to determine the optimal processing strategy and the resulting accuracy of the estimated non-gravitational accelerations. It is shown that the optimal processing strategy consists of a piecewise linear parameterization of the estimated empirical accelerations, together with short 6-h orbit arcs. The GPS-based accelerometry approach makes use of triple-differenced GPS observations and the impact of considering the correlated observation noise was found to be marginal in the presence of other error sources such as GPS ephemeris errors. Using a priori non-gravitational force models improves the recovery of low temporal resolution accelerations, except during huge geomagnetic storms. With this strategy, non-gravitational accelerations can be recovered during high solar activity with an accuracy of better than 10% of the total signal in along-track direction and around 25–40% in cross-track direction, at time resolutions of around 8–20 min. During solar minimum conditions, the relative recovery error will increase to approximately 50% in along-track direction and around 60–70% in cross-track direction, due to the reduced atmospheric drag signal. Unfortunately, GPS-based accelerometry is hardly sensitive in the radial direction.     

活塞式航空发动机的优化与标定

联合发动机循环模拟与标定技术建立小型活塞航空发动机动力性和经济性的多目标优化模型。对校验后的BOOST模型进行DOE(Design of Experiment)正交试验,对试验数据进行统计数学建模,并对局部模型误差进行控制,进行响应面模型分析,通过MBC(Model-Based Calibration)工具箱进行优化标定,选用经济适用的NBI(Normal Boundary Inter-section)进行多目标优化.给出了优化的点火提前角、喷油量的MAP图,优化参数对扭矩和燃油消耗等目标的响应面模型,对提升小型航空发动机性能有重要的参考价值.     

非均匀采样系统时基失真的一种新评价方法

提出了在多A/D合成采样系统这种非均匀采样系统中,使用时基微分非线性和时基积分非线性概念评价采样时基失真的新方法.使用正弦波激励系统,将各个子A/D的数据分别抽取形成子抽样序列,用最小二乘正弦波曲线拟合法,获得各个子抽样序列初始相位差,该相位差对应的时间差,即是各个子A/D间的采样延迟时间,它们的一致性,即是系统的采样均匀性,体现了时基失真特性,用时基微分非线性和时基积分非线性描述.在一组仿真数据上进行的实验验证了方法的正确性.在数字存储示波器的实测数据上进行的实验验证了方法的可行性.方法可以用来评价非均匀采样系统的采样时基失真.