分子筛氧浓缩器的串联混合池计算模型

把吸附床看作由n个等体积的混合池串联而成,可将筛床的控制方程转化为容易求解的常微分方程,考虑了筛床内压力的变化以及吸附热引起的亨利系数的变化等因素.在此基础上,建立了机载分子筛氧浓缩器的非等温吸附数学模型,并对其在不同条件下的工作过程进行了模拟分析.模拟结果与文献结果一致,反映了温度对系统性能的影响.     

一种新型铷汽室频标电路方案

铷汽室频标是各种原子钟中发展最为活跃的 ,由于其独特的外在及内在特点 ,在商用通信、军用车、舰、弹、机载、空间星载导航等领域得以最为广泛的应用。本文首先分析了铷汽室频标对电路部分的要求 ,其次总结了各种铷汽室频标电路方案的特点及发展趋向 ,之后提出了一种新型的电路方案 ,该方案充分利用相关技术的发展 ,克服了传统方案的缺陷 ,是实现高性能铷汽室频标—较佳选择。     

太阳电池阵的铰链副刚度参数识别

为正确识别太阳电池阵铰链副的刚度参数,用形状简单、建模相对容易的有机玻璃板列阵不同状态下模态试验结果估计待识别参数的初始值,通过线性化目标函数,将参数识别归为易求解的数学规划问题,最终直接用商用有限元分析程序和数学软件实现参数识别。识别结果表明,理论计算值与试验结果基本吻合。     

Simulated microgravity inhibits the proliferation of K562 erythroleukemia cells but does not result in apoptosis

Astronauts and experimental animals in space develop the anemia of space flight, but the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. In this study, the impact of simulated microgravity on proliferation, cell death, cell cycle progress and cytoskeleton of erythroid progenitor-like K562 leukemia cells was observed. K562 cells were cultured in NASA Rotary Cell Culture System (RCCS) that was used to simulate microgravity (at 15 rpm). After culture for 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, and 96 h, the cell densities cultured in RCCS were only 55.5%, 54.3%, 67.2% and 66.4% of the flask-cultured control cells, respectively. The percentages of trypan blue-stained dead cells and the percentages of apoptotic cells demonstrated no difference between RCCS-cultured cells and flask-cultured cells at every time points (from 12 h to 96 h). Compared with flask-cultured cells, RCCS culture induced an accumulation of cell number at S phase concomitant with a decrease at G0/G1 and G2/M phases at 12 h. But 12 h later (from 24 h to 60 h), the distribution of cell cycle phases in RCCS-cultured cells became no difference compared to flask-cultured cells. Consistent with the changes of cell cycle distribution, the levels of intercellular cyclins in RCCS-cultured cells changed at 12 h, including a decrease in cyclin A, and the increasing in cyclin B, D1 and E, and then (from 24 h to 36 h) began to restore to control levels. After RCCS culture for 12–36 h, the microfilaments showed uneven and clustered distribution, and the microtubules were highly disorganized. These results indicated that RCCS-simulated microgravity could induce a transient inhibition of proliferation, but not result in apoptosis, which could involve in the development of space flight anemia. K562 cells could be a useful model to research the effects of microgravity on differentiation and proliferation of hematopoietic cells.     

T cell regulation in microgravity – The current knowledge from in vitro experiments conducted in space,parabolic flights and ground-based facilities

Dating back to the Apollo and Skylab missions, it has been reported that astronauts suffered from bacterial and viral infections during space flight or after returning to Earth. Blood analyses revealed strongly reduced capability of human lymphocytes to become active upon mitogenic stimulation. Since then, a large number of in vitro studies on human immune cells have been conducted in space, in parabolic flights, and in ground-based facilities. It became obvious that microgravity affects cell morphology and important cellular functions. Observed changes include cell proliferation, the cytoskeleton, signal transduction and gene expression. This review gives an overview of the current knowledge of T cell regulation under altered gravity conditions obtained by in vitro studies with special emphasis on the cell culture conditions used. We propose that future in vitro experiments should follow rigorous standardized cell culture conditions, which allows better comparison of the results obtained in different flight- and ground-based experiment platforms.     

轻小型太阳能/氢能无人机发展综述

轻小型无人机（UAV）在军民领域都有着广泛的用途，电动无人机由于其振动低、无污染、无排放等优势，已经成为无人机领域的发展热点。为了提高轻小型电动无人机的航时，清洁、高能量密度的太阳能和氢能成为非常可行的技术途径之一。本文总结了轻小型太阳能、氢能无人机的发展历程；梳理了相关的关键技术，并对太阳能、氢能无人机的总体设计方法和能源动力系统的发展进行了较为深入的探讨；最后，展望了该类无人机的发展趋势，并对所面临的挑战进行了预测。     

高超声速气动热数值计算壁面网格准则

首先对高超声速气动热数值模拟中的3种壁面法向网格准则(平均自由程(MFP)、自由来流参数网格雷诺数和壁面参数网格雷诺数准则)进行了分析.随后,提出了壁面参数预估方法,使得壁面参数网格雷诺数和MFP两种准则无需进行试算即可直接预估壁面法向网格尺度.其次,运用提出的壁面参数预估方法结合不同网格准则,在同一实验条件下确定多个壁面法向网格尺度,通过与实验数据对比研究各网格准则确定的壁面法向网格尺度是否满足热环境模拟精度要求,并对提出的壁面参数预估方法进行验证.最后,开展了高超声速二维完全气体及真实气体效应算例、三维钝双锥算例的数值模拟.研究表明,壁面参数预估方法是可靠的;自由来流参数网格雷诺数准则随来流静温变化所确定的网格尺度变化趋势与物理推理相悖;基于壁面参数网格雷诺数和MFP两种准则主要受壁面温度影响,其在同一条件下所确定的网格尺度基本一致,并满足热环境模拟的精度要求.      

月尘累积特性测量技术研究与应用

月尘是月球环境对月球探测器影响中的一个重要因素。文章针对月表的自然环境和月尘累积特性分布机理,开展对月尘累积特性的测量技术研究,提出了采用黏性石英晶体微量天平(SQCM)和太阳电池短路电流两种测量方法,分别测量月表自然悬浮月尘的累积特性和着陆月表时扬起的月尘量,并在此基础上设计了月尘测量系统。该测量系统包括SQCM探头、太阳电池探头和电控箱,地面标定试验结果验证了其设计的可行性。此测量系统成功应用于嫦娥三号月球探测任务中,并实现了月尘累积特性的在轨原位测量。     

基于车载用燃料电池直流变换器的研究及应用

通过对燃料电池的特性及碳化硅(SiC)功率器件分析,研究适合车载用的高效率和高可靠性的燃料电池专用Boost变换器。通过对变换器的拓扑结构的优化、效率的提升及控制方法改进等方面研究,设计了一款电压变换比大的适合燃料电池运行要求的高效及可靠运行的变换器。试验样机测试证明,该变换器具有良好的动态和稳态控制特性、效率高,可实现燃料电池的稳定输出运行,有效保护了燃料电池,进一步延长了燃料电池寿命。     

等效位移损伤剂量法预测GaInP2/GaAs/Ge 三结电池在轨性能退化规律

文章首先在辐照条件下测试GaInP2/GaAs/Ge三结太阳电池的光谱响应,确定了三结电池在轨道带电粒子辐照条件下的损伤特征。通过试验获得了在不同粒子辐照条件下电池电性能退化规律,由此确定了高能电子与质子辐照对三结电池损伤的等效参数,建立了三结电池最大输出功率随位移损伤剂量的退化方程。在此基础上,以地球同步轨道服役的太阳电池为例,计算了电池在轨等效位移损伤剂量,并对三结电池的在轨服役行为进行了评价。