Pneumatic pressure control based on improved NMPC and its application to aeroengine surge simulation

In the semi-physical simulation of aeroengines, using the pneumatic pressure servo control technology to provide realistic pneumatic excitation to the sensors and electronic controller can improve the confidence of the simulation and reduce the test cost and risk. However, the existing methods could not satisfy the precise simulation of large-amplitude and high-frequency pulsating pressure during aeroengine surge. In this paper, a pneumatic pressure control system with asymmetric groups of the High-Speed on–off Valve (HSV) is designed, and an Improved Nonlinear Model Predictive Control (INMPC) method is proposed. First, the volumetric flow characteristics of HSV are tested and analyzed with Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) signal input. Then, a simplified HSV model with the volume flow characteristic correction is developed. Based on these, an integrated model for the whole system is further established and used as the prediction model in INMPC. To improve the computational speed of the rolling optimization process, the mapping scheme from control signal to PWM duty cycle of HSVs and the objective function with exterior penalty function are designed. Finally, the random step, sinusoidal and real engine surge data are set as the reference pressure in multiple comparative experiments to verify the effectiveness of the pressure tracking system.     

Influence of lunar regolith compressibility on sampling performance of thick wall spiral drills

A 2 m class robotic drill was sent to the Moon and successfully collected and returned regolith samples in late 2020 by China. It was a typical thick wall spiral drill (TWSD) with a hollow auger containing a complex coring system to retain subsurface regolith samples. Before the robotic drill was launched, a series of laboratory tests were carried out to investigate and predict the possible drilling loads it may encounter in the lunar environment. This work presents how the sampling performance of the TWSD is affected by the regolith compressibility. Experiments and analysis during the drilling and sampling process in a simulated lunar regolith environment were conducted. The compressibility of a typical lunar regolith simulant (LRS) was measured through uni-directional compression tests to study the relationship between its inner regolith stress and bulk density. A theoretical model was established to elucidate the cutting discharge behavior by auger flights based on the aforementioned relationship. Experiments were conducted with the LRS, and the results show that the sampling performance is greatly affected by the flux of the drilled cuttings into the spiral flight channels. This work helped in scheduling reasonable drilling parameters to promote the sampling performance of the robotic drill in the Chinese Chang'E 5 mission.     

Space law education in China: Status quo,shortcomings and possible ways out

Space law education has an essential role in the space capacity building of a country because of its importance for human resources development in space law. Comparisons between Canada and China, the European Union and China and the United States of America (USA) and China in space law degree education, course, teaching methodology, institute and practice and communication platform are provided in an attempt to review some issues which exist within the Chinese space law educational system and to seek a better choice for China’s space law education reform. Chinese space law education has achieved noticeable progress over the past two decades. However, it is still limited in comparison to its counterparts in Europe and Northern America. The range of the space law degree education programmes and space-law-related courses is comparatively limited. A gap remains between space law education and practice in China. Chinese space law classes are still dominated by the teacher-centred teaching methodology, although several universities have some new teaching practices. The establishment of seven space law-related research institutes plays an increasingly important role in Chinese space law education, space law and policy research and legal advisory services for the Chinese government and non-governmental sectors. However, these institutes still have a long way to go in comparison with their counterparts in Europe and Northern America. While China has established domestic research platforms for space law communication through international cooperation, it does not provide space law practice platforms for space law education. While international space law does not provide a direct legal foundation for space law education in China, Chinese educational laws can lay a profound legal foundation for Chinese space law education. To promote its national expertise and capacity in space law, based on the three-pillar model and the experiences of its counterparts in North America and Europe, China should adopt a systematic and sustainable regime for its space law education.     

地面放射性测量模型γ剂量率值空间分布规律研究

地面模型是根据IAEA174号报告研建的用于校准便携式γ能谱仪、γ辐射仪的计量标准装置，最初主要用于地质勘查。2016年至2018年，新研建了钾含量30 %（YK3）和铀含量1 %（YU4）的两个模型，并确定了模型量值。远离模型表面中心位置的剂量率较低，随着中心点的接近，剂量率逐渐上升，YK3和YU4的剂量率坪区分别为模型中心点及周围半径约40 cm和50 cm范围内，在坪区内剂量率变化均不大于0.6 %；在参考点3.0 cm上的剂量率分别为320.8 nGy·h^-1和4.3×10⁴ nGy·h^-1；超过3.0 cm时，剂量率随高度呈非线性变化；根据不同高度上的理论计算和实测结果比对，在40 cm高度实测范围以内，YK3实测结果与理论计算结果相对偏差在3 %范围以内，120 cm高度实测范围内，YU4实测结果与理论计算结果相对偏差在2 %范围以内。     

Modelling and analysis of metal flowing behaviors in constraining ring rolling of tapered ring with thin wall and three high ribs

Tapered ring with thin wall and three high ribs(TRTWTHR), showing complicated geometry(wall thickness is less than 4 mm and rib height exceeds 20 mm), is extensively utilized to fabricate the critical structural parts of aerospace equipment such as spacecraft cabin, rocket body and fuel tank because of light weight and high carrying capacity. How to fabricate TRTWTHR with high performance is a critical problem that aerospace area needs to solve. In this work, constraining ring rolling(CRR) techn...     

空间环境对飞行器的影响

文章围绕空间环境对飞行器的影响因素,重点阐述由于辐照剂量以及带电粒子产生空间环境效应对飞行器的影响,最后对飞行器的空间环境效应提出防护建议。     

烟草丛顶病毒ORF3的克隆及原核表达

利用RT-PCR方法,自烟草丛顶病毒(Tobacco bush top virus,TBTV)龙陵分离物(TBTV-YLLi)的RNA中扩增出ORF3目的片段,并克隆到pMD18-T载体上进行序列分析.结果表明,TBTV-YLLi的ORF3全长714 bp,与TBTV其他分离物的核苷酸相似性和氨基酸相似性分别为98.3%～98.6%和95.4%～95.8%;与同属的花生丛簇病毒(Groundnut rosette virus,GRV)、豌豆耳突花叶病毒2号(Pea enation mosaic virus-2,PEMV-2)和胡萝卜拟斑驳病毒(Carrot mottle mimic virus,CMoMV)的核苷酸相似性分别为65.1%、61.6%和49.7%,氨基酸相似性分别为36.4%、34.6%和16.5%.将ORF3克隆到原核表达载体pET28a(+)上,获得的重组子pET28-ORF3转化大肠杆菌BL21-plysS,使用终浓度为1.0 mmol/L 的IPTG在37 ℃诱导培养4 h时,该融合蛋白表达量最高.融合蛋白经Ni~(2+)亲和柱层析纯化后,SDS-PAGE 电泳表明,融合蛋白相对分子质量约为35 000,与预计的相对分子质量大小相一致.     

共轴式直升机舰面起降风限图计算

通过建立共轴双旋翼直升机的舰面起降飞行动力学模型,计算了某型共轴双旋翼直升机在某型舰上的起降特性。根据相关判据,得出该机舰组合的起降风限图。起降风限图为该直升机在舰上的安全起降提供了指导,有重要的实际意义。     

基于硅基MEMS三维集成技术的片式多波束发射前端

基于多波束发射前端的相控阵,具有波束灵活扫描和多目标同时通信的能力,是低轨互联网通信卫星的重要微波子系统.采用硅基MEMS三维异构集成技术,将多个微波单片集成电路MMIC(Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuit)和硅基MEMS功分交叉网络等无源结构一体化集成,实现了一种K频段8波...