Experimental study on impact of roller imbalance on cage stability

This study presents a method for measuring the imbalance in a small-sized cylindrical roller. The roller imbalance was calibrated on the built static-pressure-air flotation measurement machine. The impact of the roller imbalance on the dynamic characteristics of a cage were then studied on the aero-bearing test rig. The displacement spectrums with different roller imbalance of the obtained cage orbits under various bearing speed and radial load were used to evaluate the cage stability. The results show that the cage cannot form a stable operating state at a lower bearing speed with or without the unbalanced rollers. The cage with balanced rollers gradually develops stable motion with the increase of the bearing speed. The existence of a small roller imbalance causes the stability of the cage to deteriorate. With an increase in the bearing speed and radial load, the cage with the unbalanced rollers runs unsteadily accompanied by a high-frequency vibration when the roller imbalance is large enough. The vibration amplitude of the cage in the horizontal direction is greater than that in the vertical direction during an unstable operation, which is similar in the stable status.     

Medium Earth Orbit dynamical survey and its use in passive debris removal

The Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) region hosts satellites for navigation, communication, and geodetic/space environmental science, among which are the Global Navigation Satellites Systems (GNSS). Safe and efficient removal of debris from MEO is problematic due to the high cost for maneuvers needed to directly reach the Earth (reentry orbits) and the relatively crowded GNSS neighborhood (graveyard orbits). Recent studies have highlighted the complicated secular dynamics in the MEO region, but also the possibility of exploiting these dynamics, for designing removal strategies. In this paper, we present our numerical exploration of the long-term dynamics in MEO, performed with the purpose of unveiling the set of reentry and graveyard solutions that could be reached with maneuvers of reasonable $\mathrm{\Delta }V$ cost. We simulated the dynamics over 120–200?years for an extended grid of millions of fictitious MEO satellites that covered all inclinations from 0 to 90°, using non-averaged equations of motion and a suitable dynamical model that accounted for the principal geopotential terms, 3rd-body perturbations and solar radiation pressure (SRP). We found a sizeable set of usable solutions with reentry times that exceed $～40$ years, mainly around three specific inclination values: 46°, 56°, and 68°; a result compatible with our understanding of MEO secular dynamics. For $\mathrm{\Delta }V?300$ m/s (i.e., achieved if you start from a typical GNSS orbit and target a disposal orbit with $e<0.3$), reentry times from GNSS altitudes exceed $～70$ years, while low-cost ($\mathrm{\Delta }V?5–35$ m/s) graveyard orbits, stable for at lest 200?years, are found for eccentricities up to $e\approx 0.018$. This investigation was carried out in the framework of the EC-funded “ReDSHIFT” project.     

微小卫星三轴稳定磁控算法工程应用

为降低微小卫星的成本和提高卫星可靠性,研究采用磁力矩器作为唯一执行机构对卫星进行三轴姿态稳定的问题。利用线性二次型调节器（LinearQuadraticRegulator,LQR）最优控制理论分别设计无限时间状态调节器和定常增益状态调节器,实现纯磁控下的微小卫星对地三轴稳定控制。同时结合卫星实际工程应用,以在轨飞行的“开拓一号”卫星为研究对象,分析卫星惯量积、轨道倾角、剩磁干扰、气动干扰等因素对控制精度的影响。仿真结果表明LQR控制器具有稳定性和实用性,在小干扰情况下,控制精度较高。     

星敏感器光轴热稳定性仿真分析方法

热稳定性用来衡量星敏感器光轴指向抵抗温度变化影响的能力,常用试验及仿真的方法进行分析验证.仿真方法因其高效率、低成本、可贯穿产品设计全周期等优点,已成为热稳定性分析验证的重要手段.开发了一种热 力 光联合仿真分析的方法进行星敏感器热稳定性计算.该方法集合了热分析、变形分析、成像仿真及热漂移计算等多项仿真分析过程.以某高精度星敏感器为例,进行了热稳定性计算,结果表明了该仿真方法的有效性.     

水下超声速气体射流线性稳定性研究

水下超音速气体射流稳定性是水下推进、水下焊接技术研究的焦点领域。通过建立线化小扰动气液混合流体控制方程,开展水下超音速气体射流线性稳定性研究。控制方程的形式表明射流基本流分布(速度与浓度分布)、雷诺数、无量纲密度、无量纲粘度能够影响水下超音速气体射流稳定性。使用Chebyshev配置点法对控制方程进行求解。计算结果表明射流基本流分布以及无量纲密度是影响射流稳定性的主要因素。射流基本流分布越平缓,射流最大扰动增长率越小;无量纲密度越小,即气液密度差越小,射流最大扰动增长率越小。随雷诺数增加,射流最大扰动增长率先减小后增加,当雷诺数大于105时,射流最大扰动增长率趋于常数。对不同无量纲粘度,射流扰动增长率-特征波数曲线高度重合。同时分析了射流不同截面的稳定性特征,计算结果表明射流最大扰动增长率随距喷口距离增加而减小。这些结论有助于理解水下超音速射流物理过程,为实际应用提供理论指导。     

高超声速飞行器非线性纵向运动稳定性研究

针对研究高超声速飞行器飞行动力学稳定性时忽略方程非线性影响的问题,建立了保留非线性特征的六自由度动力学方程组和非线性活塞理论耦合模型。研究了初始迎角和活塞理论非线性项对高超声速飞行器纵向稳定性的影响,并在稳定巡航中施加瞬时扰动,分析其姿态响应。仿真结果表明:高超声速飞行器姿态收敛速度比常规低速飞行器慢很多;对迎角施加扰动后,飞行器姿态变化主要影响短周期模态,且偏离平衡位置越远,收敛越快;改变气动力非线性项时,其姿态变化主要影响长周期模态,且收敛较慢;两种扰动均对振荡周期无明显影响。     

Periodic atomization characteristics of simplex swirl injector induced by klystron effect

The atomization dynamic characteristics of a simplex swirl injector was investigated experimentally by using a hydrodynamic mechanical pulsator and the shadow photography technique. The frequency response characteristics of the fluid film and atomization fluctuations and their correlations with pressure fluctuations were obtained by using an in-house code of image processing. It is demonstrated that the klystron effect induced by periodic pressure fluctuations results in periodic liquid film fluctuation with large amplitudes, periodic superposition of droplets and reduction of the breakup length. It was found that the atomization of the simplex swirl injector only responds to the pressure fluctuation in frequency range approximately from 0 to 300 Hz, and it is particularly sensitive to pressure fluctuations at frequencies from 100 to 200 Hz. According to this experiment, the responsive frequency limitation is merely affected by injector configuration, rather than the supply line.     

气动阀门颤振的局部稳定与全局稳定特性

基于修正的库仑摩擦力模型,理论分析了气动阀门的非线性稳定特性,提出了阀门颤振的不稳定、局部稳定及全局稳定区域,定性解释了阀门在局部稳定区域颤振的必然性与偶然性;并针对某型号用保险阀,构建了基于AMESim的保险阀系统仿真模型,通过线性及非线性稳定性仿真分析,获得了该保险阀系统的局部稳定、全局稳定特性及库仑摩擦力对稳定性的影响特性,在此基础上,开展了不同摩擦力条件、扰动条件下的保险阀系统非线性稳定特性的试验研究,结果表明:对于非线性阀门系统,在局部稳定区域会存在小扰动稳定、大扰动不稳定的状态,从仿真角度解释了该保险阀系统在通气试验保持稳定而在通气振动试验中却发生明显颤振的现象;同时,库仑摩擦力增加可有效提升保险阀的系统稳定性及抗扰动能力,试验结果验证了保险阀非线性稳定性分析结果的有效性。      

CH4/正癸烷混合燃料燃烧特性

为研究CH4/正癸烷混合燃料的燃烧特性及燃烧稳定性,在定容燃烧弹中测量了初始压力为0.1MPa、初始温度为420K、当量比范围为0.8~1.5和甲烷摩尔分数为0~0.8时CH4/正癸烷混合燃料的火焰扩散速度、拉伸火焰传播速度、马克斯坦长度、无拉伸火焰传播速度和层流燃烧速度等,分析了甲烷摩尔分数对马克斯坦长度及层流燃烧速度等的影响。结果表明:当量比为1.3时,随着甲烷摩尔分数的增加,火焰发展末期,前锋面由网格形胞状结构发展为光滑球面,火焰稳定性增强;甲烷摩尔分数增加导致混合燃料马克斯坦长度随当量比增加而减小的趋势变慢,实验研究范围存在临界当量比,当量比小于1.2时,甲烷摩尔分数为0.8的混合燃料燃烧稳定性较差,而当量比大于1.2时,甲烷摩尔分数为0.8的混合燃料燃烧稳定性较好;当量比在1.0~1.3范围内,甲烷摩尔分数为0.2和0.4的混合燃料层流燃烧速度较快,而在实验测量当量比范围,甲烷摩尔分数为0.8的混合燃料层流燃烧速度较慢。