星载降水测量雷达反射率因子宽幅计算调度策略及应用

我国首颗降水测量卫星于2023年4月成功发射,联合使用主被动微波仪器双频降水测量雷达和微波成像仪开展高精度降水探测。针对降水测量雷达幅宽覆盖有限的现状,利用同平台微波成像仪资料,采用深度学习模型研发了宽幅雷达反射率因子产品,实现了降水测量雷达现有幅宽的2.67倍覆盖,显著增大了降水测量雷达的观测范围。以2023年台风“泰利”和华北极端短时强降水为例对业务生成的宽幅结果进行应用潜力分析,结果显示,宽幅雷达反射率因子的计算结果与地基雷达反射率因子的结果较为一致,在实际业务中具有较强的参考性。在地面系统业务调度中,为了支撑持续不断的宽幅雷达反射率因子数据的高时效计算,设计了宽幅雷达反射率因子业务流程,综合考虑业务实施的资源消耗、时效性及可靠性等,提出数据驱动的最佳业务调度策略,可以有效地减少运行时间,提高业务产品生成与服务的时效性。     

基于TMS320F2812电除尘器用高频高压逆变电源的研究

介绍了一种电除尘器(ESP)用高频高压逆变电源。就其电源的主体结构,全桥主电路、控制电路、驱动电路以及保护电路的工作原理作了简要的论述。同时,对系统的软件也进行了简要说明。     

Aerosol-Cloud Interactions Control of Earth Radiation and Latent Heat Release Budgets

Aircraft observations and model simulations show that cloud development is strongly modulated by the impact of cloud-aerosol interactions on precipitation forming processes. New insights into the mechanisms by which aerosols dominate the cloud cover of marine shallow clouds suggest that feedbacks between the cloud microstructure and cloud dynamics through precipitation processes play a major role in determining when a solid cloud cover will break up into a field of trade wind cumulus. Cloud-aerosol interactions dominate not only the dynamics of marine shallow clouds, but also the lifetime and the vertical disposition of latent heat of deep convective clouds over ocean and even more strongly over land. Recent coincident satellite measurements of aerosols and cloud properties quantify the aerosol effects on cloud cover and radiative forcing on regional and global scales. The shapes of the satellite retrieved relations between aerosols and cloud properties are consistent with the suggested ways by which aerosols affect clouds via precipitation processes, particularly by affecting the intensity of the cloud vertical air motions and its vertical development.     

Reliability of satellite-based precipitation products in capturing extreme precipitation indices over Iran

The goal of this study is to assess the performance of four widely-used satellite precipitation products in capturing extreme precipitation indices across Iran over the period 2001–2018; these products include GPM IMERG (Integrated Multi-Satellite Retrievals for Global Precipitation Measurement), TRMM 3B42 (Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission), CHIRPS (Climate Hazards Center InfraRed Precipitation with Station data), and PERSIANN-CDR (Precipitation Estimation From Remotely Sensed Information Using Artificial Neural Networks-Climate Data Record). For this aim, a national gridded precipitation dataset was developed using a dense network of rain gauges as a reference dataset. The results suggest that the IMERG product outperforms the other three precipitation products in capturing extreme precipitation indices both temporally and spatially. TRMM 3B42 data show promising results in identifying many extreme indices, while the CHIRPS and PERSIANN-CDR products show less performance in accurately generating many of the extreme precipitation indices.     

Comprehensive evaluation of Satellite-Based and reanalysis precipitation products over the Mediterranean region in Turkey

Precipitation is an important component of the hydrological and energy cycles, as well as a key input parameter for many applications in the fields of hydrology, climatology, meteorology, and weather forecasting research. As a result, estimating precipitation accurately is critical. The purpose of this research is to conduct a comprehensive and comparative evaluation of grid-based precipitation products over Turkey's Mediterranean region from 2017 to 2021 at monthly and grid scales, using data from 193 ground-based meteorological stations as a reference. PERCIANN CCS, PDIR-Now, GSMaP MVK, PERSIANN CDR, CHIRPS, IMERG v6, GSMaP Gauge, and ERA5 are the eight grid-based precipitation products. Several prospective were used to evaluate the products, including magnitude agreement with gauge stations for the entire region and the six hydrological sub-basins included in the region, performance in capturing various intensity categories, and elevation dependency. According to the evaluation results, PERCIANN CDR, CHIRPS, IMERG v6, GSMaP Gauge, and ERA5 performed well in all evaluation aspects, whereas PERCIANN CCS, PDIR-Now, and GSMaP MVK performed poorly in all metrics. The majority of the products underestimated heavy rainfall events, while all products performed better at low and moderate precipitation events. As a result, the products performed better in the summer and spring months (March to October) than in the winter months (December to February). Furthermore, the results showed that the performance of the majority of the products degraded for elevations greater than 1000 m. The evaluation suggests that PERSIANN CDR, CHIRPS, IMERG v6, GSMaP Gauge, and ERA5 can be used as good precipitation data sources and as a complement to ground-based meteorological stations in Turkey's Mediterranean region.     

正交设计在沉淀硬化不锈钢热处理研究中的应用

用正交设计法研究固溶温度、固溶时间、调整处理温度和调整处理时间对0Cr17Ni5Mo3沉淀硬化不锈钢力学性能的影响.研究结果表明,在沉淀硬化不锈钢热处理研究中采用正交设计法安排试验,可以用很少的试验量获得主要热处理工艺参数对力学性能影响的规律.     

太阳风-磁层-电离层耦合过程中的能量收支

太阳风向磁层电离层(Magnetosphere and Ionosphere, MI)系统输入能量, 而输入的能量随后在MI系统中消耗. 本文从能量守恒原理出发, 讨论太阳风-磁层-电离层 (SMI)耦合过程中的能流路径和能量收支的定量关系. 主要讨论9个问题: (1) 太阳风向MI系统的能量输入, (2) MI系统对能量输入的响应, (3) 环电流的能量消耗, (4) 极区电离层焦耳加热的能量消耗, (5) 极光粒子沉降的能量消耗, (6) 磁尾能量的消耗、储存以及返回下游太阳风, (7)平静期间的能量积累与释放, (8)能量在不同能汇中的分配, (9)评价能量函数的准则和方法.     

A numerical model approximating extreme energetic electron events involved in the physical and chemical processes of the middle atmosphere

Relativistic electrons (with energies >150 keV) which originate in the outer radiation belt and detected by the Russian ‘Meteor’ series of satellites have been correlated with the atmospheric total ozone data compiled by almost 90 stations located around the world within the latitude zone 40°–70°N. In more than 60% of the stations examined we have detected a clear decrease of the ozone 3–5 days after the electron flux excess. A numerical model has been applied to approximate this effect based on relativistic electron initiated nitric oxides creation in the upper mesosphere with subsequent atmospheric transport (both vertical and horizontal) towards the upper stratosphere. A first attempt of local and temporal prediction of ozone depletion because of energetic electrons impact in the middle atmosphere has been illustrated.