间隙流触发压气机内部流动失稳机制及周向槽扩稳机理

利用高频响动态压力传感器对某低速轴流压气机转子的失速先兆和顶部流场进行了详细的测试,探明该压气机内部存在与叶顶间隙泄漏流相关的突发型失速先兆,对压气机转子内部流场进行了单通道定常和非定常数值模拟,详细分析了压气机内部流动失稳过程中顶部流场结构的变化,揭示顶部间隙泄漏流触发轴流压气机内部流动失稳机理.在此基础上,利用周向槽处理机匣结构对顶部间隙泄漏流进行控制,并探讨了周向槽处理机匣结构提高压气机稳定工作裕度机理.      

槽道宽度对压气机叶栅气动性能的影响

数值模拟了槽道宽度对压气机叶栅气动性能的影响.结果表明,在4种采用不同槽道宽度的叶片开槽流动控制方案中,槽道出口射流均能有效吹除叶片吸力面尾缘附面层气流,提高叶栅气动性能,并存在使叶栅性能提升最大的最佳槽道宽度;随着槽道宽度增大,槽道出口射流流量及其作用范围得到增大,但同时也增加了射流在槽道出口处的流动损失,限制了射流的作用效果,从而使大槽道宽度时的叶栅性能下降.      

随机响应面法在结构随机响应计算中的应用

传统的响应面方法以一般多项式逼近结构的随机响应,但这种方式并不能保证收敛性.以随机多项式为基础的随机响应面方法,可以弥补这一不足.两个数值例子和一个发动机轮盘实例来验证这一方法的有效性.结果表明:随着随机多项式次数的增加,随机响应面所得到的响应概率密度曲线愈加趋近于由蒙特卡罗方法所得到的概率密度曲线.      

基于健康蜕化的航空发动机传感器故障诊断(英文)

改进在线故障诊断算法使其能适应发动机健康蜕化是目前故障诊断所面临的困难,如果诊断算法没有自适应能力,在发动机健康蜕化后将失去其诊断功能。为了解决此问题,提出在线故障诊断算法,采用跟踪滤波器估计发动机的健康状况,机载模型根据跟踪滤波器的估计结果进行更新。更新后的机载模型能够与真实的发动机相匹配。这使得当发动机健康蜕化后在线故障诊断仍能保持其有效性。最后采用一组卡尔曼滤波器来对航空发动机传感器故障进行诊断与隔离。通过设计好的一组卡尔曼滤波器,能够诊断并隔离出故障。本文使用非线性发动机模型来验证此方法,仿真结果表明本文提出的在线诊断方法在发动机健康蜕化后仍能保持其有效性。     

预爆管式脉冲爆震原型机试验研究

为了实现多循环吸气式脉冲爆震发动机（PDE）在较短距离内缓燃向爆震的转捩,降低主爆管通过障碍物触发爆震的内部阻力损失,设计了预爆管和主爆管以同种混气（汽油/空气）为工作介质的两相PDE原型机,试验研究了爆震燃烧过程。研究表明：当预爆管出口扩张角度为45°时,可以实现爆震波在主爆管内向衍射面上、下游传播;设计的预爆管式PDE原型机可以实现最高频率为66.7 Hz的稳定间歇工作。     

孔间距和前倾角对进出口扩张形气膜孔流量系数的影响(英文)

Discharge coefficients of 3-in-1 hole of three inclination angles and three spacing between holes are presented which described the discharge behavior of a row of holes. The inlet and outlet of the 3-in-1 hole both have a 15° lateral expansion. The flow conditions considered are mainstream turbulence intensities and density ratios of secondary flow to mainstream. The momentum flux ratios varied in the range from 1 to 4. The comparison is made of the discharge coefficients of three shaped holes to find an optimal hole with low flow loss. The results show that the discharge coefficients of 3-in- 1 hole are highest in three shaped holes and therefore this article is focused on the measurements of discharge coefficients of 3-in-1 hole for various geometries and aerodynamic parameters. The measured results of 3-in-1 hole indicate that turbulence intensities, density ratios and momentum flux ratios have weak influence on discharge coefficients for inclination angle of 20°. The high turbulence intensity yields the small discharge coefficients for inclination angle of 45° and 90°. The increased both momentum flux ratios and density ratios lead to the increased discharge coefficients for inclination angle of 45° and 90°. The increased inclination angle causes the rapidly increased discharge coefficients. There is a weak dependence of discharge coefficients on hole pitches.     

Foreign Object Damage to Fan Rotor Blades of Aeroengine Part Ⅱ： Numerical Simulation of Bird Impact

Bird impact is one of the most dangerous threats to flight safety. The consequences of bird impact can be severe and, therefore, the aircraft components have to be certified for a proven level of bird impact resistance before being put into service. The fan rotor blades of aeroengine are the components being easily impacted by birds. It is necessary to ensure that the fan rotor blades should have adequate resistance against the bird impact, to reduce the flying accidents caused by bird impacts. Using the contacting-impacting algorithm, the numerical simulation is carded out to simulate bird impact. A three-blade computational model is set up for the fan rotor blade having shrouds. The transient response curves of the points corresponding to measured points in experiments, displacements and equivalent stresses on the blades are obtained during the simulation. From the comparison of the transient response curves obtained from numerical simulation with that obtained from experiments, it can be found that the variations in measured points and the corresponding points of simulation are basically the same. The deforming process, the maximum displacements and the maximum equivalent stresses on blades are analyzed. The numerical simulation verifies and complements the experiment results.     

变攻角下孔隙射流对高负荷扩压叶栅气动性能的影响

本文对采用孔隙射流的某大折转角雎气机叶栅进行了实验研究．给出了不同攻角下叶栅流道内的静压分布、表面极限流线以及出口流场的气动参数,通过在不同叶高处开孔探讨了孔隙射流位置对大负荷扩压叶栅气动性能的影响。实验结果表明,孔隙位置对端壁静压的影响不大;开多孔方案对叶栅气动性能的影响要强于单孔方案：在设计攻角下,孔隙射流能够改善角区流动,同时降低叶片中部损失,单孔方案的最佳开孔位置位于25％相对叶高处,质量平均能量损失系数相对原形叶栅降低4．75％,开多孔方案巾能量损失相对原形叶栅最多降低5．52％：在负攻角下．孔隙射流导致叶栅性能下降,而在正攻角下,孔隙射流大幅提高叶栅性能,能量损失系数相对原形叶栅最多降低12．7％。     

镁合金AZ91D在氯化钠溶液中的腐蚀行为

通过容量法、失重法和电化学阻抗谱(EIS)方法研究了镁合金AZ91D铸件及压铸件在5%氯化钠溶液中的腐蚀及电化学腐蚀行为。利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能量色散谱(EDS)和X-射线衍射(XRD)方法研究了腐蚀产物表面形貌及其组成。结果表明:两种合金的腐蚀产物相同,由块状的化合物氢氧化镁[Mg(OH)2]和松枝状的水合氢氧化镁氯化物[Mg2Cl(OH)3.4H2O]组成;镁合金AZ91D压铸件的耐腐蚀性能比镁合金AZ91D铸件好;并通过浸泡过程中电荷转移电阻(Rt)和双电层电容(Y)的变化解释了两种合金的耐腐蚀性能差异。     

基于灰关系的制造过程稳定性评估

基于灰色系统理论,通过对制造过程中的两个数据序列进行灰关系分析,实现了制造系统的稳定性评估.根据获取制造过程某属性的两个数据序列,对数据序列进行排序,得到排序数据图.按照排序数据图的分布特征,建立两个数据系列之间的灰关系,通过计算分析灰置信水平的大小,实现对制造过程的稳定性评估.计算机仿真试验和实际案例表明:通过对两个数据序列的灰关系分析,若求得的灰置信水平不小于90%,则说明该制造系统是稳定的;否则是不稳定的.所提出的方法可以很好地检测制造系统的稳定性,准确率最高可以达到100%.