Low C/N_0 Carrier Tracking Loop Based on Optimal Estimation Algorithm in GPS Software Receivers

Suppressing jitter noises in a phase locked loop(PLL) is of great importance in order to keep precise and continuous track of global positioning system(GPS) signals characterized by low carrier-to-noise ratio(C/N0).This article proposes and analyzes an improved Kalman-filter-based PLL to process weak carrier signals in GPS software receivers.After reviewing the optimal-bandwidth-based traditional second-order PLL,a Kalman-filter-based estimation algorithm is implemented for the new PLL by decorrelating the model error noises and the measurement noises.Finally,the efficiency of this new Kalman-filter-based PLL is verified by experimental data.Compared to the traditional second-order PLL,this new PLL is in position to make correct estimation of the carrier phase differences and Doppler shifts with less overshoots and noise disturbances and keeps an effective check on the disturbances out of jitter noises in PLL.The results show that during processing normal signals,this improved PLL reduces the standard deviation from 0.010 69 cycle to 0.007 63 cycle,and for weak signal processing,the phase jitter range and the Doppler shifts can be controlled within ±17° and ±5Hz as against ±25° and ±15 Hz by the traditional PLL.     

ANALYSIS OF AN ELECTROSTRICTIVE STACK ACTUATOR FOR ACTIVE TRAILING EDGE FLAPS

Helicopter is a complex dynamic system withmany rotating components. The rotor blades oper-ate in a highly complex aerodynamic environment.The vibratory hub load,which is caused by cyclicvariation ofcentrifugaland aerodynamic load of therotating bladesin flight,is transmitted to the fuse-lage,resulting in serious vibration and noise of thestructure. It is one of the most important excitingsources in helicopters.There has long been a desire to reduce heli-copter vibration and to improve its per…     

A two-step robust adaptive filtering algorithm for GNSS kinematic precise point positioning

In kinematic navigation and positioning, abnormal observations and kinematic model disturbances are one of the key factors affecting the stability and reliability of positioning performance. Generally, robust adaptive filtering algorithm is used to reduce the influence of them on positioning results. However, it is difficult to accurately identify and separate the influence of abnormal observations and kinematic model disturbances on positioning results, especially in the application of kinematic Precise Point Positioning (PPP). This has always been a key factor limiting the performance of conventional robust adaptive filtering algorithms. To address this problem, this paper proposes a two-step robust adaptive filtering algorithm, which includes two filtering steps: without considering the kinematic model information, the first step of filtering only detects the abnormal observations. Based on the filtering results of the first step, the second step makes further detection on the kinematic model disturbances and conducts adaptive processing. Theoretical analysis and experiment results indicate that the two-step robust adaptive filtering algorithm can further enhance the robustness of the filtering against the influence of abnormal observations and kinematic model disturbances on the positioning results. Ultimately, improvement of the stability and reliability of kinematic PPP is significant.     

一种小型化宽频带微带阵列天线设计

介绍一种小型化宽频带微带阵列天线设计,采用矩形渐变切角结构和E 型开槽结构,实现微带天线 的宽带化和小型化。馈电网络采用多级并联式T 型功分网络,保证宽频带馈电形式。基于项目需求设计、加 工了一套4×6 单元的微带阵列天线,测试结果表明,该天线在10% 的频带内反射系数优于-10dB,增益大于 20dBi。     

基于自适应反演滑模的末制导律设计

针对三维导弹-目标相对运动模型,结合反演控制、滑模控制和自适应技术,设计了一种新的自适应反演滑模末制导律。针对目标机动加速度上界难以获取的问题,将目标机动加速度视作模型的干扰,设计了一种自适应律对其进行在线估计,并将估计值补偿到制导律中。运用李亚普诺夫稳定性理论证明了系统的全局渐进稳定性和误差的收敛性。仿真结果证明了所设计的自适应反演滑模末制导律对机动目标的鲁棒性和有效性。     

民航行李X光安检图像自适应小波去噪算法

对X光安检图像进行去噪处理可以更清楚地显示出危险物。针对传统小波软硬阈值去噪方法的缺陷．给出了一种自适应阈值的去噪方法,在此方法中,首先进行软硬阈值的折中处理,然后分别对大于和小于阈值的两部分进行自适应处理。利用Tennessee大学提供的实际采集的X光安栓图像进行实验,结果表明该方法能有效地去除安检图像中的噪声,图像去噪后的信噪比、峰值信噪比分别是25．2229dB、27．708dB．与含噪图像相比分别增加了7．7253dB和7．739dB。因此该方法表现出较高的去噪性能。     

电机-变距螺旋桨动力系统功率优化控制

电动螺旋桨无人机应用越来越普及,但普遍续航时间较短,提高电动力系统效率、降低功率消耗是提高航时的主要措施。电机-变距螺旋桨动力系统（以下简称变距电动力系统）可同时改变转速、桨距两个量,存在桨距和转速的最佳组合,使系统功率最小。相比电机-定距螺旋桨动力系统,其在耗能方面具有特殊优势,但如何达到最小功率点,目前研究较少。针对上述问题,为提高计算效率,便于控制研究工作的开展,首先基于改进天牛须算法的BP神经网络训练得到变距电动力系统的神经网络代理模型。接着提出了一种变距电动力系统功率优化控制策略：在一定入流速度、拉力需求下,基于自适应扩展卡尔曼滤波-牛顿法实时优化桨距,并在一定桨距下利用模糊PID控制系统转速以达目标拉力,实现目标拉力需求下的最小功率控制。仿真验证结果表明,提出的功率优化控制策略鲁棒性更强、优化速度更快、收敛效果更好。     

椭圆的数控加工宏程序编制

根据华中世纪星数控系统及固定循环指令特点,将椭圆型腔的粗加工、精加工程序编制成固定循环格式,用户在加工过程中只需要用指令调用即可。这样在加工过程中大大缩短程序编制时间,提高数控宏程序的集成度,使数控机床高效、高精度的潜力被充分挖掘。     

时序法预测股市的新途径

文章在传统的经典时序法模型的基础上进行了改进,把时序法与技术分析结合起来,并对时序法得出的趋势进行二次时序法处理.从经典时序法对趋势的判断,转为对趋势的变动进行判断,使之更能适应股票市场的多变性,并能够有效的应用于实践,其具体方法是二次时序法和引入反转因子.     

机载红外搜索跟踪系统关键技术分析

概述了红外搜索跟踪系统的组成及主要技术特点,对红外成像系统中的红外望远光学系统、红外探测器组件等进行了分析;探讨了稳定与瞄准系统实现方案;对图像跟踪器中的跟踪算法及工程实现中采取的措施进行了论述。