载人飞船泄复压过程中轨道舱的噪声环境试验研究

为了考察航天员对载人飞船泄复压过程中轨道舱内噪声环境的适应性,在KM6水平舱进行了相应的模拟试验,对轨道舱中的噪声环境进行了试验测量与研究.试验结果及航天员的实际感受表明,泄复压过程中轨道舱内的噪声环境满足要求,产生的噪声对航天员不会造成伤害.     

Field emission characteristics of gold dust grains

The space plasma environment usually contains charged dust grains. The grain charge is an important parameter determining its migration through the space, coagulation, formation of dust clouds and so on. The knowledge of its charge is thus one of the basic information we want to know. There are several emission processes leading to both positive and negative charges, among others photoemission, all kinds of secondary emissions, field emissions, etc. The present study is focused on a laboratory simulation of emissions caused by impacts by energetic ions. Our experiment is based on the Paul trap which gives us an opportunity to catch a single dust grain for several days inside the vacuum vessel and exposed it by electron/ion beams. This experimental approach allows us to separate an individual charging process. We have chosen spherically shaped gold grains and discussed the processes leading to the limitation of the grain charge. We suggested that the implantation of charging ions leads to deformations of the grain surface. The deformations enhance the local electric field strength that becomes sufficient for the field ionization.     

含表面缺口复合材料层压板的屈曲破坏

通过实验研究和理论分析探讨了含表面缺口复合材料层压板的屈曲破坏。采用电测和声发射技术对层压板的受压力学行为进行观测和分析。作为比较,对无缺口层压板也进行了压缩试验,尽管2种层压板试样随载荷增加到一定值时都会发生屈曲,但它们的破坏过程仍有着显著的差别。利用层压板刚度减少技术推导了含表面缺口复合材料层压板的临界应力表达式。理论预测结果和试验结果能够较好地吻合。     

薄壁板结构声激励载荷作用下的响应谱估算方法

本文提出一种估算薄壁板结构在声激励载荷作用下的响应谱的方法。这一方法借助板式结构的线性振动理论, 研究薄壁板结构在声激励载荷作用下动力响应问题, 引入结合受纳函数来考虑结构模态的波长和声波长在空间的耦合程度。本文给出的估算薄壁板结构声激励响应的方法, 不仅对规则的几何结构有效, 而且也应用于复杂薄壁板结构的分析。并将估算的结果与实验值做出了比较, 较为吻合。      

交通污染控制的途径选择

城市交通造成了严重的环境污染,围绕城市环境治理问题展开研究,已成为实现城市经济可持续发展的重大课题,文章在总结城市交通污染产生原因的基础上,通过最优污染水平控制模型的建立,分析了减少交通污染的途径和方法。     

微等离子体转化二氧化碳发射光谱诊断

火星大气层的主要成分为二氧化碳,如果能够利用低温等离子体方法高效分解二氧化碳,使其转化为氧气和一氧化碳加以利用,可以大幅降低航天员生命保障相关载荷长途运输的成本,进一步提高生命保障能力.低温等离子体放电过程中会产生大量活性组分,可以在数百度温度下实现二氧化碳的高效解离,是具有很大潜力的二氧化碳解离与转化方式.设计了一种...     

一种改进的声反卷积相关声源定位方法

基于传声器阵列的声源定位算法的性能优劣决定了气动噪声试验检测中气动噪声源定位成像的准确性。为了提高相关声源定位方法的稳健性和准确性，提出一种改进的声反卷积相关声源定位方法——D-MACS（Developed-Mapping of Acoustic Correlated Sources）方法。该方法的特点是：在传统MACS方法的基础上，将声反卷积模型进行改进，使模型体现出声场空间扫描点声压互谱矩阵与互谱波束形成输出矩阵之间的数学关系，其最终获得的声源定位结果，能够提高MACS方法声源定位辨识的稳健性和准确性。通过仿真信号研究和声学风洞环境中的声源定位试验研究，比较了DAS（Delay And Sum beamformming）、DAMAS-C（Deconvolution Approach for the Mapping of Acoustic Correlated Sources）、MACS和D-MACS这4种方法的声源定位性能，验证了D-MACS方法在声源定位性能上的优势。     

Sporadic emission of ultra high energy gamma rays from crab pulsar

In a further study of sporadic emission from pulsars we find evidence for short lived intense emission from the Crab pulsar.     

Thermal and nonthermal flare emission observed with the Nobeyama Radio Heliograph

The early phases of three flares, observed by the Nobeyama Radio Heliograph, are studied. Nonthermal and thermal radio sources are identified by comparison with soft X-ray images taken by the Soft X-ray Telescope onboard the Yohkoh satellite. Two of the flares are mainly of nonthermal origin and their location coincides with one of the footpoints of soft X-ray loops. Another flare has both thermal and nonthermal components which start to brighten simultaneously. This suggests that particle acceleration and plasma compression develop simultaneously.     

基于化学反应器网络模型法的预混气组分对NOx反应路径影响研究

摘 要：为探究预混气组分对不同反应路径下NOx生成影响,针对高压射流反应器,基于CFD流场特征等,构建优化了单PSR、2PSR、3PSR以及PSR+PFR四种化学反应器网络模型。在贫预混燃烧条件下,研究了纯CH4及其混合气燃烧时不同反应路径下NOx的生成情况,得出了燃烧室内不同反应区域每条反应路径NOx的生成量。结果表明,纯CH4燃烧产生的NOx主要来自于热力型、快速型和N2O-中间体型三条反应路径。绝热火焰温度的提高主要促进了热力型和N2O-中间体型NOx的生成。随着CH4或CO中加入H2摩尔分数的增加,NOx排放总量降低,快速型NOx生成速率降低,特别是火焰刷区域的。另外,混合气中CO摩尔分数的增加会导致NOx生成量增多。