强电磁环境对用频设备的影响机理研究

在复杂电磁环境下，尤其是当强场存在时，用频设备的工作状况往往会出现很多意想不到的情况，比如接收机的灵敏度下降、发射机辐射信号存在其它频率分量等。通过深入分析模块化射频器件的工作特性和注入式实物试验，验证了射频电路中非线性器件工作特性变化是导致用频设备工作性能下降的本质机理。通过改变不同试验条件，研究了互调发射、接收机减敏等现象随强干扰信号参数改变的变化规律。研究结果可为强电磁环境下用频设备的合理使用提供借鉴。     

Debris flux comparisons from the Goldstone Radar,Haystack Radar,and Hax Radar prior,during, and after the last solar maximum

The continual monitoring of the low Earth orbit (LEO) debris environment using highly sensitive radars is essential for an accurate characterization of these dynamic populations. Debris populations are continually evolving since there are new debris sources, previously unrecognized debris sources, and debris loss mechanisms that are dependent on the dynamic space environment. Such radar data are used to supplement, update, and validate existing orbital debris models. NASA has been utilizing radar observations of the debris environment for over a decade from three complementary radars: the NASA JPL Goldstone radar, the MIT Lincoln Laboratory (MIT/LL) Long Range Imaging Radar (known as the Haystack radar), and the MIT/LL Haystack Auxiliary radar (HAX). All of these systems are highly sensitive radars that operate in a fixed staring mode to statistically sample orbital debris in the LEO environment. Each of these radars is ideally suited to measure debris within a specific size region. The Goldstone radar generally observes objects with sizes from 2 mm to 1 cm. The Haystack radar generally measures from 5 mm to several meters. The HAX radar generally measures from 2 cm to several meters. These overlapping size regions allow a continuous measurement of cumulative debris flux versus diameter from 2 mm to several meters for a given altitude window. This is demonstrated for all three radars by comparing the debris flux versus diameter over 200 km altitude windows for 3 nonconsecutive years from 1998 to 2003. These years correspond to periods before, during, and after the peak of the last solar cycle. Comparing the year to year flux from Haystack for each of these altitude regions indicate statistically significant changes in subsets of the debris populations. Potential causes of these changes are discussed. These analysis results include error bars that represent statistical sampling errors.     

军用设备电磁发射测试项RE102的实现CSCD

电磁兼容性(EMC)是指设备或系统在电磁环境中符合要求运行并不对其环境中的其它设备产生影响的电磁干扰的能力。因此,EMC包括两个方面的要求:一方面是指设备在正常运行过程中对所在环境产生的电磁干扰不能超过一定的限值,即电磁干扰度(EMI);另一方面是指设备对所在环境中存在的电磁干扰具有一定程度的抗扰度,即电磁敏感度(EMS)。本文描述符合《GJB 152A-97军用设备和分系统电磁发射和敏感度测量》要求的"RE102 10kHz^40GHz电场辐射发射"实现方法。     

Detection of volcanic gases and particles by satellite

In this paper the detection of components of volcanic eruption has been carried out investigating, in appropriate bands of the electromagnetic spectrum (6.25, 8.7, 10.8, 12 μm), the values of the brightness temperature. The analysis has been performed in the Thermal Infrared Region (TIR) studying both the absorption–emission and scattering phenomena related to the interactions between electromagnetic radiation and volcanic emissions. The results have been achieved by means of a combined use of numerical simulations, devoted to examining the behaviour of the atmosphere gases and volcanic components, and remotely sensed satellite images. The proposed methodologies allow an estimate of the amount of gaseous and solid components, of the size of the emitted particles, of the height of the volcanic plume and of the distance of the volcanic components from the crater. The processed images come from the Spinning Enhanced Visible and InfraRed Imager (SEVIRI) sensor on board the geo-stationary satellite Meteosat Second Generation (MSG) and take into consideration an eruption of the Etna volcano as a study case (1st of April 2012, 04:30 and 05:30 UTC). The procedures are general and may therefore be extended to any other similar case.     

Venus transfer design by combining invariant manifolds and low-thrust arcs

The design of interplanetary trajectories based on patched circular restricted three body models is gradually becoming a valuable alternative to the classical patched conic approach. The main advantage offered by such a model is the possibility to exploit the manifold dynamics to move naturally far from or toward a body. Generally, propulsive maneuvers are required to match these structures. Low-thrust arcs offer the possibility to have a significant propellant mass reduction when moving from manifold to manifold. The aim of this paper is to present a methodology to design low-thrust trajectories between two planetary orbits connecting the manifolds of two circular three body systems. The approach is based on a grid search on the main parameters governing the solution to identify those trajectories moving within the manifold images on given Poincarè sections. The value of the Jacoby constant of the target libration point periodic orbit is chosen as stop condition for the thrusting phases. Ballistic arcs follow up to the proper Poincarè section intersection. A grid search for an Earth to Venus transfer is presented as test case.     

大型结冰风洞云雾场适航应用符合性验证

结冰风洞云雾场符合性是大型结冰风洞适航应用的基础。为验证3 m×2 m结冰风洞云雾场符合性，发展了基于SAE ARP5905的结冰风洞云雾场符合性验证方法，针对主试验段构型，开展了结冰云雾场符合性验证试验，获得了试验段内液滴尺寸和液态水含量拟合关系，考察了喷嘴水压、液滴尺寸、试验段气流速度和喷嘴数量对试验段液态水含量的影响，形成了主试验段结冰云雾控制包线。结果表明：主试验段内液滴尺寸分布具有显著的单峰分布特征，体积中值直径（MVD）模拟范围近似在10~75 μm之间；试验段中心处液态水含量随着喷嘴水压和MVD的增大而增大，同时近似与试验段气流速度成反比，与喷嘴数量成正比；增大喷嘴水压和喷嘴数量会提高试验段内云雾液态水含量空间均匀性，但是增大气流速度却会减弱试验段内云雾空间均匀性；3 m×2 m结冰风洞主试验段结冰云雾控制包线可以覆盖大部分适航条例25部附录C结冰气象条件，但对低液态水含量结冰条件的模拟仍存在局限。     

轻质铝箔V-型皱褶构型板雷达散射性能研究

 设计并制作了14个不同几何特征参数的V-型铝箔皱褶构型板。运用电磁数值仿真软件对它们的雷达散射截面(RCS)进行了计算,分析了V-型皱褶板几何特征参数对雷达散射性能的影响。同时,用LFY铝箔制作了14个不同几何特征参数的皱褶构型板,并对它们进行了RCS实验测试。通过对比分析发现,数值计算结果和实验测试结果基本吻合。结果显示,在一定的结构参数下,轻质铝箔皱褶板的RCS比同样平面几何尺寸的平板小,有的甚至降低20 dBsm。铝箔皱褶板成型工艺简单,结构重量轻,价格低廉,可用于包敷飞行器内部有较大RCS的大尺寸构件,从而降低整个飞行器的RCS。     

Quantifying lunar soil composition with partial least squares modeling of reflectance

Retrieval of lunar soil composition is commonly achieved through optical remote sensing in which spectral characteristics of returned lunar samples are related to their constituents. Partial least squares (PLS) and principal component regression (PCR) were applied to the dataset characterized by the Lunar Soil Characterization Consortium (LSCC) to estimate the content of FeO, Al₂O₃ and TiO₂ in the soils. The goal of this study was to test whether the conversion of reflectance to single scattering albedo (SSA) via Hapke’s radiative transfer model is able to improve the performance of PLS and PCR. Results from PLS and PCR modeling of SSA spectra indicate that the conversion does not necessarily improve the performance of PLS and PCR, and this depends on the chemical considered, the way to select the number of optimal factors, and how the data were pretreated. The conversion failed to accommodate the large deviation of highland samples with low FeO, TiO₂ and high Al₂O₃.     

基于极限应变分析的十字形试件有限元设计

为了通过十字形双向拉伸试验来实现复杂加载,研究复杂应变加载路径下板材的极限应变,采用有限元数值模拟技术,设计出臂上及中心区带槽的十字形双向拉伸试件,建立了有限元计算模型.基于试件在拉伸时中心区受力均匀并能实现大变形的条件下,优化出较佳的试件形式,通过调节速度加载边界条件可实现中心区不同的应变路径,为复杂应变路径下成形极限的研究提供基础.      

基于互相关的自动聚焦方法

针对自动聚焦系统,提出了基于互相关的自动聚焦算法.分析了传统自动聚焦算法在速度和精度方面存在的不足,引入互相关原理,定义基于互相关的模板相关算法F_TC.由于选择模板图像的不同,实验的结果不同,进而导致自动聚焦分析的算法也不相同.根据模板图像和实验结果,得出该算法存在2种形式——模板相关的第1种形式和第2种形式.模板图像为聚焦前位置图像,称为模板相关的第1种形式,该形式的实验曲线是由小到大,再减小的过程;模板图像为聚焦图像时,称为模板相关的第2种形式,该形式的实验曲线是由大到最小,再增大的过程.2种形式的图像处理实验结果,与其他几种主要聚焦评价函数(平方梯度函数,Brenner函数)进行比较,结果表明该算法简单,原理容易实现,实验曲线能避免各种波动,因此基于互相关的自动聚焦算法提高了自动聚焦的精度和速度.该算法应用于微流控芯片对准装配自动聚焦系统中,取得了良好的聚焦效果.