The Edison infrared space observatory

For five years, theEdison program has had the goal of developing new designs for infrared space observatories which will break the cost curve by permitting more capable missions at lower cost. Most notably, this has produced a series of models for purely radiative and radiative/mechanical (hybrid) cooling which do not use cryogens and optical designs which are not constrained by the coolant tanks. Purely radiatively-cooled models achieve equilibrium temperatures as low as about 20 K at a distance of 1 AU from the sun. More advancedEdison designs include mechanical cooling systems attached to the telescope assembly which lower the optical system temperature to 5 K or less. Via these designs, near-cryogenic temperatures appear achievable without the limitations of cryogenic cooling. OneEdison model has been proposed to the European Space Agency as the next generation infrared space observatory and is presently under consideration as a candidate ESA Cornerstone mission. The basic design is also the starting point for elements of future infrared space interferometers.     

Adiabatic demagnetisation refrigerators for future sub-millimetre space missions

Space worthy refrigeration capable of providing a 100 mK and below heat load sink for bolometric detectors will be required for the next generation of sub-millimetre space missions. Adiabatic demagnetisation refrigeration (ADR), being a gravity independent laboratory method for obtaining such temperatures, is a favourable technique for utilisation in space.We show that by considering a 3 salt pill refrigerator rather than the classic single salt pill design the space prohibitive laboratory ADR properties of high magnetic field (6 Tesla) and a<2 K environment (provided by a bath of liquid⁴He) can be alleviated, while maintaining a sufficient low temperature hold time and short recycle time. The additional salt pills, composed of Gadolinium Gallium Garnet (GGG) provide intermediate cooling stages, enabling operation from a 4 K environment provided by a single 4 K mechanical cooler, thereby providing consumable free operation. Such ADRs could operate with fields as low as 1 Tesla allowing the use of high temperature, mechanically cooled superconducting magnets and so effectively remove the risk of quenching.We discuss the possibility of increasing the hold time from 3 hours, for the model presented, to between 40 and 80 hours, plus reducing the number of salt pills to two, through the use of a more efficient Garnet.We believe the technical advances necessitated by the envisaged ADRs are minimal and conclude that such ADRs offer a long orbital life time, consumable free, high efficiency means of milli-Kelvin cooling, requiring relatively little laboratory development.     

弹塑性接触有限元分析的凝缩法

 解决弹性接触问题可用一种新的弹塑性接触有限元计算方法,即有限元混合法与弹塑性有限元分析的凝缩法结合而成,能显著地节省计算时间。文中对涡轮盘榫槽与叶片榫头的接触问题进行了计算分析。     

空间站的在轨推进剂再加注问题

建立一个永久性空间站,在轨推进剂再加注将是一个十分重要问题。本文评述了国外研制的各种方案,介绍了先进的在轨推进剂再加注技术、特性和可能实施的方案。最后指出了在轨再加注中的一些技术难点。     

基于飞机平台的北斗救生信标机 的性能测试技术研究

从北斗系统组成、功能及原理入手,分析了北斗救生信标机在飞机平台上进行性能测试的特点,介绍了性能测试和评判方法,分析并研究了验证结果.应用结果表明,本文设计的试飞和测试评估方法科学可行,测试结果准确,充分体现了被测设备的功能性能,暴露了设计缺陷,给出了使用限制建议.研究结果具有重要的工程实际应用价值,能够为用户提供使用参考.     

超燃冲压发动机研究现状及控制系统关键技术

介绍了超燃冲压发动机的基本概念以及推进系统技术等关键技术,全面综述了近年来美国、俄罗斯、法国和国际合作等在超燃冲压发动机技术领域的新进展以及发展动态,分析了各国相关重点项目的技术发展以及工程进展,重点探讨了超燃冲压发动机控制系统关键技术,在此基础上对超燃冲压发动机的特点进行了总结,并对超燃冲压发动机的发展进行了展望.     

某型发动机增设滑油低压开关可行性研究

某型民用航空发动机服役后,在全球范围内,装备该机型的民用客机在运行过程中多次出现由于滑油压力传感器故障导致的滑油低压误告警,使得飞行员主动关停发动机,从而导致空停。通过安全性分析的方式,对该型发动机的滑油系统中增设滑油低压开关来关闭误告警问题的可行性进行评估,同时对增设低压开关的影响进行权衡,确认方法可行,增设低压开关有利于保证该型民用航空发动机航线运行中的安全性和派遣率。     

CCSDS空间包在MOIMS领域中的应用

为了适应未来航天任务的发展,构建以服务为导向的、开放的、可重用的航天器任务操作系统,分析了CCSDS(Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems,空间数据系统咨询委员会)中MOIMS (Mission Operations and Information Management System,任务操作及信息管理系统)领域的任务操作服务框架的原理、层次结构及优点,对任务操作相关的通用服务、功能服务、COM(Common Object Model,通用对象模型)及MAL(Message Abstraction Layer,消息抽象层)对服务的抽象化描述方法进行了研究.MAL向任务操作相关的服务提供了通用的服务模型框架,所有服务均可用MAL消息格式进行规范化的描述,在此基础上建立了MAL消息格式与CCSDS空间包的映射关系,从而以CCSDS空间包为信息栽体实现了航天器与地面系统间的任务操作通信,可以作为以服务为导向的任务操作系统实际工程应用的参考.     

高速再入飞行试验再入条件优化设计

飞行器返回再入时将经历极高的气动热环境,因此深空探测返回飞行器,尤其是载人飞船需要通过实际飞行试验验证相关性能,为降低成本和研制风险,通常采用大再入角和相对第二宇宙速度较低的再入速度进行飞行试验。为获得能实现高热流密度验证的最小能量再入任务方案,采用优化设计手段对飞行试验的再入角和速度以及倾侧角控制进行设计,经仿真分析表明,优化结果可达到飞行试验要求的热流密度,并可将再入速度需求降低约2．1 km／s。     

基于退化失效与突发失效竞争的导弹剩余寿命预测

为了提高导弹剩余寿命预测结果的准确性,本文综合利用导弹的性能退化数据和突发失效时间数据,提出了基于退化失效和突发失效竞争的剩余寿命预测方法。在引入状态空间模型评估出整弹退化程度的基础上,采用Gamma过程建立退化失效模型;在假定突发失效概率与整弹性能退化程度相关的前提下,采用Weibull分布建立突发失效模型;进而建立退化失效与突发失效竞争模式下的导弹可靠度模型。案例应用证明了所提方法的有效性,对准确预测导弹剩余寿命,有效开展视情维修具有一定的工程价值。