用于直升机现场计量的低频振动校准技术

本文面向直升机健康与使用监测系统(HUMS)的现场计量保障需求,针对其中振动传感器在低频段尚无法实现现场校准的现状,提出了基于直线电机驱动技术的便携式低频振动校准技术方案。该方案利用高精度直线电机构造低频标准振动源,采用稳定性高的石英挠性加速度计作为标准加速度计,具有体积小、精度高、现场环境适应性好的特点,非常适用直升机HUMS的现场计量保障。根据不确定度评估结果,该方案能够实现0.5Hz～20Hz频率范围,0.01m/s~2～20m/s~2加速度范围内不超过1%的校准不确定度(k=2)。     

摩擦焊设备振动油缸的性能分析

液压式摩擦焊设备是将电液伺服控制技术运用到摩擦焊接领域的一种先进设备。通过分析系统振动油缸的频率,找出影响频率的关键因素,深入分析这些因素对振动油缸伺服控制系统的影响,并利用AMESim仿真软件对该系统进行建模分析,验证了分析结果,并总结出改进系统的几点措施,为摩擦焊设备的设计改进提供了理论依据。。     

Spatial transformation of general sampling-aliasing frequency region for rotating-blade parameter identification with emphasis on single-probe blade tip-timing measurement

Blade-health monitoring is intensely required for turbomachinery because of the high failure risk of rotating blades. Blade-Tip Timing (BTT) is considered as the most promising technique for operational blade-vibration monitoring, which obtains the parameters that characterize the blade condition from recorded signals. However, its application is hindered by severe undersampling and stringent probe layouts. An inappropriate probe layout can make most of the existing methods invalid or inaccurate. Additionally, a general conflict arises between the allowed and required layouts because of arrangement restrictions. For the sake of economy and safety, parameter identification based on fewer probes has been preferred by users. In this work, a spatial-transformation-based method for parameter identification is proposed based on a single-probe BTT measurement. To present the general Sampling-Aliasing Frequency (SAFE) map definition, the traditional time–frequency analysis methods are extended to a time-sampling frequency. Then, a SAFE map is projected onto a parameter space using spatial transformation to extract the slope and intercept parameters, which can be physically interpreted as an engine order and a natural frequency using coordinate transformation. Finally, the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method are verified by simulations and experiments under uniformly and nonuniformly variable speed conditions.     

绳系卫星横向振动的控制方法

研究绳系卫星绳索横向振动问题。首先建立绳索振动方程,由Pontrgasin方法求得抑制绳索横向振动的纵向优化控制力。实现方式为开启母星体内的电机控制绳长使星体产生加速度,星体惯性力导致绳轴向附加张力。      

磁带机运转对星载CCD相机成像的影响

利用Ｌａｇｒａｎｇｅ方程,建立了磁带轮转动和卫星姿态振动相互影响的仿真模型,并用数值计算方法计算了卫星的姿态振动,仿真分析了对星载线阵ＣＣＤ成像质量的影响。     

High precision and efficiency robotic milling of complex parts:Challenges,approaches and trends

Due to the advantages of large workspace, low cost and the integrated vision/force sensing, robotic milling has become an important way for machining of complex parts. In recent years,many scholars have studied the problems existing in the applications of robotic milling, and lots of results have been made in the dynamics, pose planning, deformation control etc., which provides theoretical guidance for high precision and high efficiency of robotic milling. From the perspective of complex parts r...     

弹性高超声速飞行器建模及精细姿态控制

为保证超燃冲压发动机的良好进气,需要对高超声速飞行器进行精细姿态控制,但弹性振动问题极大影响其精细姿态控制精度。以高超声速飞行器的纵向通道为例,分析弹性振动问题对飞行控制系统的影响,建立面向控制的弹性高超声速飞行器数学模型,考虑气动参数和模态参数的大范围摄动,采用主动控制策略,基于鲁棒H∞理论和LQR理论设计精细姿态控制系统。大量仿真表明：在考虑测量噪声、舵机非线性、参数大范围摄动的情况下,控制系统能够很好地跟踪刚体攻角,抑制弹性攻角,并保证进气口当地攻角±0.4度的控制精度,满足高超声速飞行器精细姿态控制的要求。     

挠性航天器的鲁棒多目标姿态控制器设计

航天器挠性附件的振动难以直接测量且对航天器的姿态控制精度产生不利影响。为解决这一问题,提出一种基于观测器的鲁棒多目标姿态控制系统设计方法,借助特征结构配置的参数化方法,给出了含有自由参向量的控制器以及观测器的完整参数化形式。通过对自由参向量的多目标优化选取,使控制系统具有良好的鲁棒性和干扰抑制能力,并避免了控制输出饱和现象的发生。对一个挠性航天器的设计实例表明了方法的有效性。
     

大挠性空间桁架结构的动力学建模与仿真研究

对航天器结构中常用的一字型空间桁架,基于建立的普通式和拉索式空间桁架结构简化模型,用有限元法建立空间桁架结构模型,分别对两种空间桁架结构的模态特性、谐响应和瞬时激励响应等动力学特性进行了仿真研究,分析了拉索式空间桁架结构的弦张力对桁架结构振动特性的影响。研究较好地模拟了大挠性空间桁架结构的动力学特性及其在外太空的真实工况,有一定的参考意义。     

振动台动态角的测试方法研究

振动台在高频振动过程中难免会产生空间的小角度运动,这种角运动在振动试验中是非预期的,应尽量减小。利用激光干涉原理,运用双频激光干涉仪及角度测量组件测量了振动台振动频率达2 000Hz时方位、俯仰、横滚三个方向的实时角度、角速率。通过对测量数据的分析可知环境的振动对测量准确度影响较大,为进一步完善该测试方法指明了研究方向。