廊坊市市区水资源规划治理研究

水资源是人类赖以生存的资源,现今,水资源已成为制约我国民经济发展的障碍,如何在充分利用水资源、保护水资源的基础上发展经济,是实现可持续发展的重要条件。本文通过对废水排放量和规划用水量的预测,对廊坊市未来的水资源利用规划提出建议,实现可持续发展。     

金属/水反应冲压发动机三维内流场数值模拟

采用颗粒轨道模型进行了燃气发生器式金属/水反应冲压发动机补燃室两相流的数值模拟,建立了水冲压发动机补燃室反应流模型,并对某发动机进行了模拟,研究了一次进水时不同喷注位置和喷孔个数对铝颗粒燃烧效率和发动机性能的影响规律,得出了反应物和产物组分、温度等发动机参数的变化趋势。结果表明,存在使发动机性能达到较优的进水位置,一次进水以2孔对称分布为宜。模拟结果可为发动机设计提供参考。     

灭火飞机投水动响应特性

大型灭火飞机投水飞行时,短时间内大吨位水量的投放会引起载机的动力响应问题.为此,采用小孔出流理论进行飞机投水量的数值模拟,以静气动弹性配平结果为初始条件,考虑飞机的刚体模态和弹性模态,用最小状态拟合技术进行非定常气动力建模,分析了飞机投水飞行时的响应特性；并以投水结束后的飞行状态为初始条件,以飞行操纵产生的舵偏角为输入,分析了飞机退场爬升时的响应特性.结果显示,灭火飞机投水时,飞行姿态和载荷会发生较小变化；退场爬升时,飞行姿态和载荷会发生显著变化.分析结果为大型灭火飞机的结构设计和飞行操纵提供了参考.     

基于XDPS-400的汽包水位控制系统

结合小型热电厂给水系统设备的实际情况和动态特性,以控制理论与计算机技术为基础,利用新华控制公司XDPS-400为控制核心,采用模糊控制策略设计水位控制系统,使机组能够安全经济运行.     

Water surface temperature estimation from Landsat 7 ETM+ thermal infrared data using the generalized single-channel method: Case study of Embalse del Río Tercero (Córdoba,Argentina)

Monitoring of warm distribution in water is fundamental to understand the performance and functioning of reservoirs and lakes. Surface water temperature is a key parameter in the physics of aquatic systems processes since it is closely related to the energy fluxes through the water–atmosphere interface. Remote sensing applied to water quality studies in inland waterbodies is a powerful tool that can provide additional information difficult to achieve by other means. The combination of good real-time coverage, spatial resolution and free availability of data makes Landsat system a proper alternative. Many papers have developed algorithms to retrieve surface temperature (principally, land surface temperature) from at-sensor and surface emissivity data. The aim of this study is to apply the single-channel generalized method (SCGM) developed by Jiménez-Muñoz and Sobrino (2003) for the estimation of water surface temperature from Landsat 7 ETM+ thermal bands. We consider a constant water emissivity value (0.9885) and we compare the results with radiative transfer classic method (RTM).     

Analysis of precipitable water vapor from GPS measurements in Chengdu region: Distribution and evolution characteristics in autumn

The rainfall process of Chengdu region in autumn has obvious regional features. Especially, the night-time rain rate of this region in this season is very high in China. Studying the spatial distribution and temporal variation of regional atmospheric precipitable water vapor (PWV) is important for our understanding of water vapor related processes, such as rainfall, evaporation, convective activity, among others in this area. Since GPS detection technology has the unique characteristics, such as all-weather, high accuracy, high spatial and temporal resolution as well as low cost, tracking and monitoring techniques on water vapor has achieved rapid developments in recent years. With GPS–PWV data at 30-min interval gathered from six GPS observational stations in Chengdu region in two autumns (September 2007–December 2007 and September 2008–December 2008), it is revealed that negative correlations exist between seasonally averaged value of GPS–PWV as well as its variation amplitude and local terrain altitude. The variation of PWV in the upper atmosphere of this region results from the water vapor variation from surface to 850 hPa. With the help of Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), it is found that the autumn PWV in Chengdu region has a multi-scale feature, which includes a seasonal cycle, 22.5 days period (quasi-tri-weekly oscillation). The variation of the GPS–PWV is related to periodical change in the transmitting of the water vapor caused by zonal and meridional wind strengths’ change and to the East Asian monsoon system. According to seasonal variation characteristics, we concluded that the middle October is the critical turning point in PWV content. On a shorter time scale, the relationship between autumn PWV and ground meteorological elements was obtained using the composite analysis approach.     

液体火箭发动机水击特性仿真及试验研究

建立了液体火箭发动机水击压力的模型,进行了数值仿真和试验对比分析,研究了影响液体火箭发动机水击压力的影响因素,讨论了发动机关机后推进剂管路的压力瞬变特性,从而验证了数值模拟的正确性。     

一类智能控制器及其在水浴箱控制中的应用

提出了一种智能控制新方法，其特点是控制决策不仅是直接控制作用输出，而且还包含了解析算法，改善了通常基于规则的智能控制器的稳态性能。实际应用于大型水浴箱的非线性温度控制系统取得了良好的效果。     

Review of uncertainty-based multidisciplinary design optimization methods for aerospace vehicles

This paper presents a comprehensive review of Uncertainty-Based Multidisciplinary Design Optimization (UMDO) theory and the state of the art in UMDO methods for aerospace vehicles. UMDO has been widely acknowledged as an advanced methodology to address competing objectives of aerospace vehicle design, such as performance, cost, reliability and robustness. However the major challenges of UMDO, namely the computational complexity and organizational complexity caused by both time-consuming disciplinary analysis models and UMDO algorithms, still greatly hamper its application in aerospace engineering. In recent years there is a surge of research in this field aiming at solving these problems. The purpose of this paper is to review these existing approaches systematically, highlight research challenges and opportunities, and help guide future efforts. Firstly, the UMDO theory preliminaries are introduced to clarify the basic UMDO concepts and mathematical formulations, as well as provide a panoramic view of the general UMDO solving process. Then following the UMDO solving process, research progress of each key step is separately surveyed and discussed, specifically including uncertainty modeling, uncertainty propagation and analysis, optimization under uncertainty, and UMDO procedure. Finally some conclusions are given, and future research trends and prospects are discussed.     

Radiometric estimation of water vapor content over Brazil

A multi-channel microwave radiometre (make: Radiometrics Corporation) is installed at Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais–INPE, Brazil (22°S). The radiometric output of two channels of the radiometer in the form of brightness temperature at 23.834 GHz and 30 GHz, initially, were used to find out the ambient water vapor content and the non-precipitable cloud liquid water content. The necessary algorithm was developed for the purpose. The best results were obtained using the hinge frequency 23.834 GHz and 30 GHz pair having an r.m.s. error of only 2.64. The same methodology was then adopted exploiting 23.034 GHz and 30 GHz pair. In that case the r.m.s. error was 3.42. These results were then compared with those obtained over Kolkata (22°N), India, by using 22.234 GHz and 31.4 GHz radiometric data. This work conclusively suggests the use of a frequency should not be at the water vapor resonance line. Instead, while measuring the vapor content for separation of vapor and cloud liquid, one of them should be a few GHz left or right from the resonance line i.e., at 23.834 GHz and the other one should be around 30 GHz.