Simplification approaches for multi-level load spectra by using equivalent damage rule

Reasonable and effective fatigue load spectrum is key of aircraft structural fatigue test. Two kinds of load spectra simplification approaches based on statistical consistent fatigue damage model are proposed in the paper. One method is to simplify the original multi-level load spectra to spectral load with fewer level and was verified by the experimental data of five levels and seven levels load spectra. The equivalent damage here is not equivalent fatigue life, but equivalent number of spectral blocks. Moreover, it was proved that a section of low stress load cannot be converted into the highest stress load considering equivalent damage. The other is to convert the life distribution under multi-level load spectra into that of constant amplitude spectrum according to a certain principle, that is, equivalent damage is achieved through equivalent fatigue life, and two groups of three levels spectral data were used for experimental verification. The results show that equivalent damage simplification approach of multi-level load spectra is feasible, and it achieve that the damage of one loading block before and after the simplification is equal in probability statistics. The life distribution of load simplified as constant amplitude spectrum is consistent with test data. The simplification method presented in this paper can be generalized and is a predictive engineering method which does not depend on experimental data.     

基于变频供电系统试验的模拟负载及控制的设计与研究

在民用飞机变频供电系统的设计和适航符合性验证试验中,负载特性的模拟是一项关键技术,为适应变频供电系统负载特性的综合测试和验证对负载模拟的符合性需求,论述了一种适应变频供电环境下的变频模拟负载作为模拟飞机115/200V、(360～800Hz)三相四线制变频供电系统负载的综合电气特性,并为之设计智能控制系统。通过在线优化阻抗参数,提高负载的闭环特性和自适应能力,确保变频供电系统负载电气特性参数测试的准确性。     

变刚度连续型机械臂设计与控制

针对空间机械臂碰撞过程中产生的冲击和破坏问题,提出一种能被动适应碰撞且能保证操作精度的可变刚度丝驱动连续型机械臂。在以超弹镍钛合金丝为支撑脊椎和驱动部件的基础结构上,设计了一种利用温控记忆合金改变关节内摩擦力的变刚度方法。通过运动学分析得到机械臂驱动空间、构型空间和工作空间之间的坐标映射及速度雅克比矩阵,并结合末端位置反馈设计了一个稳定的闭环运动控制器。在检测丝驱动力的基础上提出了一种碰撞识别方法和相应的变刚度控制策略。运动控制和变刚度控制的实验结果表明该连续型机械臂具有良好的运动控制精度和刚度调节能力。     

火星探测降落伞模型高速风洞变迎角试验技术

为获得火星探测器物伞系统动力学仿真中需要使用的降落伞轴向力、法向力、俯仰力矩系数,开展了火星探测降落伞模型高速风洞变迎角试验技术研究,研制了火星探测降落伞模型高速风洞变迎角试验装置,进行了火星探测降落伞模型高速风洞变迎角试验,获得了火星探测降落伞模型在马赫数范围0.4～0.8、迎角范围0°～25°时的轴向力、法向力和俯仰力矩系数,并对支撑干扰及洞壁干扰影响进行了扣除修正。试验结果表明：火星探测降落伞模型的轴向力系数随迎角变化较小;常规透气伞的法向力系数随迎角增大而增大,在马赫数为0.4和0.6时,低透气伞的法向力系数在小迎角时随迎角增大而减小;在马赫数范围0.4～0.8时,常规透气伞静稳定,低透气伞的静稳定性较常规透气伞减小,在马赫数为0.4和0.6时,低透气伞在零迎角时静不稳定,出现了非零配平 迎角。     

Matching mechanism analysis on an adaptive cycle engine

As a novel aero-engine concept, adaptive cycle aero-engines (ACEs) are attracting wide attention in the international aviation industry due to their potential superior task adaptability along a wide flight regime. However, this superior task adaptability can only be demonstrated through proper combined engine control schedule design. It has resulted in an urgent need to inves-tigate the effect of each variable geometry modulation on engine performance and stability. Thus, the aim of this paper is to predict and discuss the effect of each variable geometry modulation on the matching relationship between engine components as well as the overall engine performance at dif-ferent operating modes, on the basis of a newly developed nonlinear component-based ACE perfor-mance model. Results show that at all four working modes, turning down the high pressure compressor variable stator vane, the low pressure turbine variable nozzle, the nozzle throat area, and turning up the core-driven fan stage variable stator vane, the high pressure turbine variable nozzle can increase the thrust at the expense of a higher high pressure turbine inlet total tempera-ture. However, the influences of these adjustments on the trends of various engine components' working points and working lines as well as the ratio of the rotation speed difference are different from each other. The above results provide valuable guidance and advice for engine combined con-trol schedule design.     

可变几何燃烧室技术发展

对航空发动机可变几何燃烧室的研究状况进行了总结,燃烧室中可变几何结构包括气流分配器、旋流器、掺混孔、火焰稳定器等。可变几何的概念提供了一种灵活控制燃烧室内部气流分配的可能性,为减少发动机尾气排放、提高燃烧效率、保持燃烧室工作的稳定性和可靠性提供了新的突破点。     

流量可调燃气发生器在导弹起竖装置上的应用研究

车载导弹液压起竖装备因安装空间狭小、装机功率受限导致起竖时间长的问题难以解决.为提高起竖速度,设计了基于流量可调燃气发生器的起竖动力装置,建立了燃气发生器/液压系统/导弹一体化计算数学模型,对比分析了定喉面和变喉面两种工作模式下的起竖特性.计算结果表明:定喉面流量不可调工作模式,不能适应起竖变负载特性,无法保持导弹匀速...     

一个新的研究领域——演化硬件

演化硬件的概念最初是由HugodeGaris于1992年提出的。硬件演化的目的在于使硬件系统能够像生物一样改变其自身的结构以适应环境的变化。本文首先给出演化硬件的定义,继而介绍演化硬件的物质基础──可编程专用集成电路和演化硬件的理论基础──演化算法。进而研究实现硬件演化的方法,最后讨论演化硬件的发展前景。     

非线性变结构解耦控制及对再入飞行器的应用

讨论了一类非线性系统的变结构解耦控制在再入飞行器的应用,变结构解耦控制号输入输出线性比相结合得到的控制规律,可对象模型的不确定有鲁棒性,对于再入飞行器再入段存在的多变量非线性和参数不确定,应用了相应的变结构解耦控制的方法,讨论了其滑模面的构造方法和解耦控制条件,在姿态控制中保证了姿态跟踪期望值,在轨迹跟踪中,设计了内外回路在控制律,内回路运用变结构解耦控制保持姿态稳定,外回路通过设计比例微分控制保     

防空导弹大攻角飞行姿态控制系统设计

针对防空导弹大攻角飞行这样一个非线形、时变、耦合系统,提出了一种基于模型参考时变全程滑态变结构控制方法,分别针对滚动通道、俯仰/偏航耦合通道进行了设计分析,最后进行了六自由度仿真,得到了满意的结果。