小推力最优轨迹协态估计的高效机器学习方法

针对变比冲小推力轨迹间接优化中的协态变量初值猜测问题,提出了一种基于机器学习的协态变量初值高精度高效估计方法。首先,基于标称最优轨迹延拓,建立了状态量边值高扰动上限情形下的数据集生成方法,并分析了扰动上限对求解效率的影响。然后,构建了基于位置速度、轨道根数和改进春分点轨道根数多形式状态量组合输入的人工神经网络(ANN)映射关系,分析并优化了神经网络结构。将提出的方法应用于深空探测小推力转移场景,仿真结果表明该方法相对于标称轨迹直接扰动的数据集生成方法及单一形式状态量输入的人工神经网络映射方法,均有效地提升了求解收敛率,能够高效高精度地估计协态变量初值,实现轨迹快速优化。     

机动弹头激光末制导姿态控制系统设计

简要分析了机动弹头激光末制导的必要性和可行性。针对机动弹头再入弹道和制导方式的特殊性,分析了激光末制导机动弹头姿控系统设计的关键技术。通过与传统控制方案的对比,提出指令前馈和变结构反馈的复合控制方案。仿真结果表明,系统具有较好的鲁棒性,能够基本满足系统姿态控制设计要求。     

基于梯度法和最大熵方法的变循环发动机加速控制规律设计

为了解决变循环发动机(VCE)加减速控制规律设计问题,提出了一种基于梯度法和最大熵方法的VCE加速控制规律优化设计方法.通过求加速时间对几何变量的导数确定几何变量调整的方向和步长,逐步得出加速过程的几何调节规律.计算VCE加速过程时,采用过渡态直接模拟方法保证发动机的喘振裕度、燃烧室油气比和涡轮进口总温均满足约束条件....     

大型复合航天器的建模与分散控制技术

综述了空间站一类大型复合航天器的建模与控制方法,首先分析了大型复合航天器的结构动力学特性以及对其进行有效控制所面临的主要困难,然后研究了便于控制系统工程实现的大型复合航天器建模方法,继而对大系统分散控制技术在大型复合航天器控制中的应用前景作了详尽分析,指出分散变结构控制方法和分散协同控制技术在大型复合航天器控制中的优越性;最后还探讨了大型复合航天器系统设计中必须注意的一些工程实际问题。     

Analysis and control of inter-electrode gap during leveling process in counter-rotating electrochemical machining

The inter-electrode gap (IEG) is an essential parameter for the anode shaping process in electrochemical machining (ECM) and directly affects the machining accuracy. In this paper, the IEG during the leveling process of an oval anode workpiece in counter-rotating ECM (CRECM) is investigated. The variation of the minimum IEG is analyzed theoretically, and the results indicate that rather than reaching equilibrium, the minimum IEG in CRECM expands constantly when a constant feed speed is used for the cathode tool. This IEG expansion leads to a poor localization effect and has an adverse influence on the roundness of the machined workpiece. To maintain a small constant IEG in CRECM, a variable feed speed is used for the cathode based on a fitted equation. The theoretical results show that the minimum IEG can be controlled at a small value by using an accelerated feed speed. Experiments have been conducted using a specific experimental apparatus in which the cathode tool is designed as a combined structure of two sectors and a thin sheet. By detecting the machining currents flowing through the minimum IEG, how the latter varies is obtained indirectly. The results indicate that using an accelerated feed speed is effective for controlling the IEG, thereby improving the roundness of the machined workpiece.     

再入航天器轨迹机动控制研究

为了有效控制再人航天器的轨迹机动运动，提出了一个新的轨迹控制方法，首先建立了轨迹复合控制系统的数学模型，其次针对航天器轨迹控制系统的不确定性，基于变结构控制理论设计了轨迹机动控制律，在分析气动操纵面和侧向推力器输出特性的基础上，设计了推力器的控制方法，以获得与控制律输出量相同的控制效果，最后设计了气动力与侧向推力的复合控制规律。仿真结果表明，该控制方法能够有效地实现再入航天器的精确轨迹机动，且具有较强的鲁棒稳定性。     

变截面隔离段流场数值分析

对一种由矩形转变为圆形的变截面隔离段流场进行了数值模拟,并将其与圆形和矩形等截面隔离段内流场进行了对比。在相同来流条件和不同进出口压比条件下,分析了隔离段内激波串区域流动特性、激波串起始位置、激波串长度、出口处流量平均参数以及隔离段出口流场流动均匀性等隔离段性能。结果表明:相对于矩形截面隔离段,变截面隔离段中的分离区域有变短、变宽的趋势。这不仅能够有效降低激波串长度和内阻,而且产生了主流和壁面之间的横向流动。最后,对变截面隔离段中激波串长度与压比之间的关系公式进行了修正。     

变几何涡扇发动机几何调节对性能的影响

本文以高推重比涡扇发动机为研究对象,利用所建立的以变几何部件特性为基础的变几何加力涡扇发动机性能模型,详细计算和分析了风扇和高压压气机静子叶片角度、高压和低压涡轮导向器喉道面积4个几何参数的调节对发动机性能的影响。结果表明,在本文计算条件下调节风扇静子叶片角度对发动机性能有显着影响,调节其它3个参数对性能影响不大,但可在控制主要部件在其高效率工作点方面发挥作用。      

紧凑布局核心机驱动风扇级设计参数影响分析

以某核心机驱动风扇级(Core driven fan stage,简称CDFS)的气动方案为例,使用新版Denton程序通过数值模拟分析了气动布局、预旋分布和转子径向负荷分布对CDFS性能的影响。数值结果表明:利用CDFS静子取代高压压气机进口导叶是一种紧凑高效的CDFS气动布局;CDFS效率所受的影响主要来自转子效率的变化,工作裕度所受的影响主要来自静子负荷的变化;增加CDFS转子叶根的设计压比可以降低CDFS静子叶根的气动负荷,从而使CDFS获得更为均衡的性能。     

Effect of turbulence models on predicting convective heat transfer to hydrocarbon fuel at supercritical pressure

A variety of turbulence models were used to perform numerical simulations of heat transfer for hydrocarbon fuel flowing upward and downward through uniformly heated vertical pipes at supercritical pressure. Inlet temperatures varied from 373 K to 663 K, with heat flux rang-ing from 300 kW/m2 to 550 kW/m2. Comparative analyses between predicted and experimental results were used to evaluate the ability of turbulence models to respond to variable thermophys-ical properties of hydrocarbon fuel at supercritical pressure. It was found that the prediction per-formance of turbulence models is mainly determined by the damping function, which enables them to respond differently to local flow conditions. Although prediction accuracy for experimental results varied from condition to condition, the shear stress transport (SST) and launder and sharma models performed better than all other models used in the study. For very small buoyancy-influenced runs, the thermal-induced acceleration due to variations in density lead to the impairment of heat transfer occurring in the vicinity of pseudo-critical points, and heat transfer was enhanced at higher temperatures through the combined action of four thermophysical properties: density, viscosity, thermal conductivity and specific heat. For very large buoyancy-influenced runs, the thermal-induced acceleration effect was over predicted by the LS and AB models.