前庭功能试验加速度环境模拟技术

文章介绍了用于航天员前庭功能测试的多功能转椅和四柱电动秋千。前者采用液压控制,可产生不同位置下水平旋转的角加速度,利用20对引电环记录生理测试信号；后者通过内外框架和吊篮舱的自然摆动进行线加速度测试,摆杆长度以0．5m为档差,分为3．5m、4m、4．5m、5m、5．5m、6m六档可调。     

某型机球柔性桨毂限动装置碰撞机理分析

某型直升机在进行小重量发动机喘振试验试飞过程中,主桨毂下限动环出现了断裂故障。从结构断El处的金相分析、操纵和载荷测量数据分析、有限元应力分析等几个方面对故障产生的原因进行了定位,并给出了处理措施。     

具有甲板运动预估的三旋翼无人机着舰研究

在无人机着舰的最后阶段,舰船的甲板运动严重威胁着无人机的着舰安全,其中沉浮和横摇运动威胁最大.首先介绍了三旋翼无人机的建模方法、控制律以及模拟的甲板运动模型;在此基础上,针对舰船甲板运动对无人机安全着舰的影响,提出了抗舰船横摇/沉浮的着舰控制方案;最后,对控制方案下的着舰性能进行了仿真分析.仿真结果表明,该控制方案可以满足着舰指标要求.     

岁差章动模型更新等因素对坐标转换的影响

GCRS(Geocentric Celestial Reference System,地心天球参考系)与ITRS(International Terrestrial Reference System,国际地球参考系)之间的坐标转换方法与岁差章动模型密切相关,IERS(International Earth Rotation and reference systems Service,国际地球自转与参考系服务)规范先后推荐了3组不同的岁差章动模型。论文分析了基于春分点的坐标转换过程,在比较3组岁差章动模型间差异的基础上,以太阳系10个天体为例,计算了岁差章动模型更新、极移、世界时与地球时差值等因素对坐标转换影响的具体数值。结果表明,IAU 2006岁差-IAU 2000AR06章动与IAU 2000岁差-IAU 2000A章动间的差异,对坐标转换的影响在0.5mas以内;而IAU1976岁差-IERS 1996章动与前2组岁差章动间的差异,对坐标转换影响的最大值达到37mas;极移对坐标转换影响的最大值达到0.6″,远高于岁差章动模型更新所带来的影响;当忽略世界时与地球时的差异时,结果完全错误。通过此分析,明确了极移、世界时与地球时的差异对坐标转换影响的具体数值,可为工程计算中岁差章动模型的选取提供参考依据。     

Spacecraft fuel-optimal and balancing maneuvers for a class of formation reconfiguration problems

This paper presents fuel optimal and balancing methodologies for reconfiguring multiple spacecraft in formation subject to a Newtonian gravity field. For a kind of continuous-thrust propulsion system, a fuel-optimal control problem is formulated to minimize the integral squared control subject to the linearized Hill or Clohessy–Wiltshire dynamics of relative motion with respect to a circular reference orbit. Palmer’s analytical solution for general reconfiguration is adapted to maneuvers between projected circular orbits, resulting in the optimal fuel consumption index as a function of configuration parameters such as orbit radius, phase angle, and transfer time. Parametric analyses reveal unique characteristics of individual fuel optimality and gross fuel consumption: for an arbitrary selection of initial/terminal orbit radii, (i) there exist special transfer times such that individual fuel consumption is optimally uniform for all phase angles, and (ii) the total fuel expenditure for a group of three or more spacecraft is invariant for the relatively same configuration with respect to the departure phase. These results serve to effectively design fuel balancing strategies for formation reconfiguration of multiple spacecraft.     

Prediction of the LISA-Pathfinder release mechanism in-flight performance

In the LISA Pathfinder mission, the grabbing positioning and release mechanism will perform a critical phase, which is the injection of a test mass into a perfect free-fall condition (also called geodesic trajectory). A possible failure is the test mass remaining adhered to the mechanism or released with an excessive velocity, which would hinder the subsequent capacitive control to the desired geodesic status.     

Vertical crustal motion derived from satellite altimetry and tide gauges,and comparisons with DORIS measurements

A somewhat unorthodox method for determining vertical crustal motion at a tide-gauge location is to difference the sea level time series with an equivalent time series determined from satellite altimetry. To the extent that both instruments measure an identical ocean signal, the difference will be dominated by vertical land motion at the gauge. We revisit this technique by analyzing sea level signals at 28 tide gauges that are colocated with DORIS geodetic stations. Comparisons of altimeter-gauge vertical rates with DORIS rates yield a median difference of 1.8 mm yr⁻¹ and a weighted root-mean-square difference of 2.7 mm yr⁻¹. The latter suggests that our uncertainty estimates, which are primarily based on an assumed AR(1) noise process in all time series, underestimates the true errors. Several sources of additional error are discussed, including possible scale errors in the terrestrial reference frame to which altimeter-gauge rates are mostly insensitive. One of our stations, Malè, Maldives, which has been the subject of some uninformed arguments about sea-level rise, is found to have almost no vertical motion, and thus is vulnerable to rising sea levels.     

一种基于双模式成像的遥感图像去运动模糊方法

对地观测载荷大多工作在颤振环境之中,这种颤振造成光轴偏移、像面抖动,由此产生的运动模糊对高分辨率成像与高精度探测产生了极为不利的影响。对空间相机像面去模糊的工作,大致分为两种方案：一种为硬件实时探测加硬件实时补偿,另一种为硬件实时探测加事后软件补偿。文章提出通过主成像相机的双成像模式获得低信噪比无抖动图像和正常信噪比模糊图像,利用图像处理手段从这一对图像中求得抖动信息（模糊核）,并以此为先验知识指导模糊图像的复原,抑制像面抖动。这种方法既不需要补偿器件,也不需要探测元件和探测支路,并在图像迭代处理过程中不断修正模糊核,在初始模糊核有一定误差的情况下,同样可望取得良好的像面去模糊效果,对于遥感图像像质提高具有潜在的应用价值。     

电磁阀磁路结构对动作寿命的影响

针对某发动机电磁阀寿命故障问题,分析了电磁阀衔铁卡滞的原因,确定了由于衔铁在壳体部件腔体内上下受力不均匀,产生了扭转力矩,导致在运动过程中的局部剧烈摩擦是故障的根本原因,基于此,提出了电磁阀的改进方案,验证结果表明改进磁路结构有效解决了寿命失效问题。     

连续定位运动模块的改进

基于IEC61131-3标准的连续定位运动模块MC_PositionProfile,可以使用户方便的定义几点,然后实现加速度平滑变化的运动。虽然其保证了加速度的平滑过渡,但没有考虑轴会发生反转,本文讨论的是在保证加速度变化平滑的基础上实现轴的单向运动。