基于动态优化数据的航空发动机过渡态控制方法

针对一般稳态燃油前馈PID算法在发动机过渡态过程中控制效果差的问题,提出了一种基于动态优化数据的涡轴发动机瞬态控制方法。采用带约束限制的序列二次规划（SQP）优化算法采集包线范围内各点的过渡态参数变化数据作为样本数据,利用稀疏化的最小二乘支持向量机（LSSVM）对样本数据进行训练、测试,将训练得到的LSSVM模型作为前馈与PI构成闭环控制器共同对涡轴发动机进行过渡态控制。通过对民用涡轴发动机部件级模型的包线内某两点不同功率水平进行仿真,结果表明,过渡态过程中动力涡轮转速超调量与下垂量均小于0.4%,稳态误差为0,动力涡轮转速稳定时间小于2s,各参数均未超限,因此,该控制器能有效提高涡轴发动机过渡态控制效果,实现对参数的限制管理。     

Hard X-ray observations of Cygnus X-1 with the MISO telescope

The black hole candidate Cygnus X-1 was observed in the hard X ray - soft γ ray energy range by the MISO telescope on two different occasions: in September 1979 and May 1980. We have measured two hard X-ray states of the source: in 1979 the observed spectrum confirms the superlow state measured in the same period by the HEAO-3 satellite, while in 1980 the MISO X-ray data are consistent with the so called low state of Cygnus X-1. In both occasions, no γ -ray excess has been observed above 200 KeV.     

飞行高度对高超声速钝锥边界层稳定性及转捩的影响

研究了飞行高度对高超声速钝锥边界层稳定性及转捩的影响。通过求解三维可压缩Navier-Stokes方程计算了来流Ma=6,半锥角为7°的钝锥在飞行高度20~40 km条件下的基本流场,利用线性稳定性理论（LST）研究了飞行高度对钝锥边界层流动稳定性的影响,最后采用e N方法进行了转捩预测。研究发现,随着飞行高度的增加,流向不稳定N s值和横流不稳定N cf 值均减小,由横流不稳定性引起的圆锥表面大部分区域转捩逐渐转变为流向扰动引起迎风面转捩横流扰动引起背风面转捩,继而横流扰动消失,流向不稳定波引起迎风面转捩。     

Wayfinding Through Orientation

Dominant approaches in computer-assisted wayfinding support adhere to the deeply problematic principles of turn-by-turn navigation. In this article, we suggest a new approach called “Wayfinding Through Orientation,” which supports the acquisition of spatial knowledge and cognitive mapping for advancing the user’s spatial orientation. Being oriented on one’s way is a prerequisite to enabling people to verify instructions and to incorporate new spatial information into their existing knowledge structure. In three studies described in this article we first present empirical evidence that people can be supported in survey knowledge acquisition through suitable wayfinding instructions. Consequently, we explore orientation information in human wayfinding instructions. Finally, we outline how orientation information can be communicated within a prototypically implemented navigation assistance system.     

涡轮叶片气热耦合数值模拟方法

研究了气热耦合计算模型,建立了采用有限差分方法进行涡轮气热耦合计算的数值仿真平台,并利用该平台采用考虑转捩和不考虑转捩两类湍流模型对具有径向冷却通道的MARK II型叶片进行数值模拟,同时将结果与实验值进行比较,对比表明:考虑转捩的湍流模型能够准确的反映出边界层内的流态和热传导情况,因此壁面处温度和换热系数更接近于实验值,与实验值吻合较好。     

基于组合拍卖的协同多目标攻击空战决策算法

 针对多战机通过数据链共享信息、协同作战中的多目标分配问题,提出一种基于组合拍卖的协同多目标分配算法。改进并扩展了组合拍卖CABOB算法,重新设计了投标元组格式,增设了投标底价和任务上限对投标人的任务完成能力进行预审核,完善了算法的实用性;采用动态价格进行投标排序将算法扩展为非0-1投标,解决因不能共享投标而无法协同攻击的问题;在此基础上,设计了新的期望贡献值上界的计算方法,改进了启发式剪枝规则,加快算法计算过程。仿真实验表明,所提算法与现有的几种算法相比在求解质量、稳定性和可扩展性上都有明显提高。     

A transition prediction method for flow over airfoils based on high-order dynamic mode decomposition

This article presents a novel approach for predicting transition locations over airfoils, which are used to activate turbulence model in a Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes flow solver. This approach combines Dynamic Mode Decomposition (DMD) with e^N criterion. The core idea is to use a spatial DMD analysis to extract the modes of unstable perturbations from a steady flowfield and substitute the local Linear Stability Theory (LST) analysis to quantify the spatial growth of Tollmien–Schlichting (TS) waves. Transition is assumed to take place at the stream-wise location where the most amplified mode’s N-factor reaches a prescribed threshold and a turbulence model is activated thereafter. To improve robustness, the high-order version of DMD technique (known as HODMD) is employed. A theoretical derivation is conducted to interpret how a spatial high-order DMD analysis can extract the growth rate of the unsteady perturbations. The new method is validated by transition predictions of flows over a low-speed Natural-Laminar-Flow (NLF) airfoil NLF0416 at various angles of attack and a transonic NLF airfoil NPU-LSC-72613. The transition locations predicted by our HODMD/e^N method agree well with experimental data and compare favorably to those obtained by some existing methods (LST/e^N or $\gamma -\stackrel{￣}{R{e}_{\theta \text{t}}}$). It is shown that the proposed method is able to predict transition locations for flows over different types of airfoils and offers the potential for application to 3D wings as well as more complex configurations.     

考虑目标间不同转换方式的成像卫星调度

针对相邻目标间具有不同转换方式的成像卫星调度问题,分析动作转换时间、存储容量、卫星能量等复杂约束,建立动态拓扑结构无环路有向图模型,引入非约束支配路径的概念,提出基于标记更新思想的动态路径搜索算法(DPSA)对问题进行求解。实验结果表明,考虑目标间不同转换方式的DPSA算法在牺牲一定求解效率的基础上,能够全面提高调度效果。     

Study of the solar Slow Sonic,Alfvén and Fast Magnetosonic transition surfaces

In this paper we study the shape, extend and time variations of the solar wind transition surfaces using the Lima and Priest (1993) hydrodynamic model adequately adapted for the case of the solar wind flow. The transition surfaces, namely the Slow (Sonic), the Alfvén, and the Fast Magnetosonic surface, are important boundaries around the Sun and play a crucial role in the development of the solar wind and the structure of the inner heliosphere. We determine the shape and dimension of these surfaces as a function of heliographic latitude using measurements from Ulysses spacecraft, and we also study their temporal variation using data from spacecrafts at 1 AU (OMNI database). Furthermore, we establish their dependence with the solar activity, demonstrating their shape and location for the last two solar cycles. From this we noticed that the temporal variation of all transition surfaces follows the 11-year solar cycle. Finally, from the OMNI database, we have studied the temporal variation over the past 40 years of the plasma β parameter, the kinetic to magnetic and the kinetic to thermal energy ratios, at a distance of 1 AU from the Sun.     

浮力效应对射流扩散火焰转捩特性影响的实验研究

对不同空气伴流速度下丙烷层流射流火焰向湍流火焰的转捩过程进行实验观测,分析伴流对火焰转捩行为及稳定性的影响.相对于静止环境中的射流火焰,较大速度的伴流可以减小浮力效应对射流扩散火焰转捩过程的影响,使火焰发生转捩的临界Reynolds数（Re_cr）增大,即火焰推迟转捩.但当伴流速度较小时,Re_cr保持不变,转捩过程中的射流火焰发生周期性振荡,振荡幅度随着伴流速度的增大而减小,继续增大伴流速度,火焰振荡的周期性最终消失,转而呈现随机性.实验还发现,喷嘴直径较大的扩散火焰的Re_cr更大.考虑到火焰对燃料射流局部流动状态的影响,对此现象进行了解释.