六面体小微卫星散热面最优化设计

以散热面吸收外热流最小为目标函数,建立了基于六面体卫星的散热面最优化设计模型,并以某倾斜轨道六面体小微卫星为例、针对不同卫星热耗分别得出了最优化的散热面布局。计算结果表明:采用文章所述的最优化设计方法得到的散热面布局,可以有效降低由于卫星吸收外热流变化造成的整星温度的波动,可以为六面体卫星散热面的优化设计提供理论支持;进一步分析表明,不同热耗水平的卫星对应不同的最优化散热面布局。     

高超声速气动热辨识技术实验研究

为估计高超声速飞行中的气动热流,采用热流辨识技术研究了平板表面的气动热流。首先采用仿真数据对辨识方法进行验证,结果表明,在测量噪声较低时热流辨识结果误差较小。此后,开展了平板的高超声速气动热风洞实验,通过内埋热电偶测量平板内部温度,采用热流辨识法获得平板表面的气动热流,采用辅助测点对比验证了内埋测点辨识结果的可信度。最后将辨识结果与平板边界层热流理论估算结果进行对比,分析了两者产生误差的原因。本文的研究为热流辨识技术的实际应用奠定了基础。     

壁面导热对微型向心涡轮性能及流动影响

为了探讨传热对于微型向心涡轮的性能和流动的影响规律,根据微型向心涡轮的特点,针对涡轮的轮毂侧壁面传热现象,建立了涡轮的气动性能随传热量变化的一维模型,并利用数值模拟对模型进行了验证,分析了不同传热量下微型向心涡轮的流动变化。结果表明所发展的模型有较好的精确度,可以用以评估传热对微型向心涡轮性能的影响;较大的传热会改变转子进口相对气流角并影响转子整个通道内的流动;涡轮对外传热使得涡轮输出功降低,涡轮效率明显降低。      

Venus observations from ENVISAT–SCIAMACHY: Measurements and modeling

This work shows the capability of observing Venus with a sensor originally designed for Earth remote sensing. SCIAMACHY (SCanning Imaging Absorption spectroMeter for Atmospheric CHartographY), onboard ENVISAT, successfully observed visible and near-infrared spectra from the Venusian atmosphere. The Venus spectra were simulated using a line-by-line radiative transfer model. The single scattering approximation was applied in order to consider the effects of an approximately 20 km-thick haze layer above the main cloud deck, which was considered as a reflecting cloud located in the upper atmosphere of the planet. CO₂ absorption lines could be distinguished in both observed and simulated spectra and a good agreement between them was also found.     

SerDes器件在遥感相机系统中的应用

基于当前遥感相机谱段数量的不断增加、分辨率的不断提升等方面造成的数据传输问题,分析了目前广泛应用的并行数据传输系统所面临的技术瓶颈,提出采用串行发送/解串(SerDes)方式加以替代的方案,通过对比分析,指出采用该方式传输数据的优点,进而阐述文章所采用的串行发送/解串芯片-TLK2711的工作原理、传输协议等,最终通过试验证明了其在遥感相机系统中应用的可行性,为后续遥感相机研制提供参考。     

基于北斗/GNSS精密时频量值传递综述

介绍了北斗/GNSS精密时间频率量值传递技术及其应用研究进展,通过对北斗共视比对技术的研究,设计出利用北斗共视与国家授时中心GNSS CV精密时间服务系统进行比对,从而实现用户与标准时间UTC的溯源完成基于GNSS CV技术的时间频率计量服务系统设计,创新性地提出提高北斗共视比对技术以及研制多模多频GNSS CV量值传递设备的研究方向。     

倾角对含油工质冷凝换热影响的实验研究

随着航天器热控制的发展,蒸气压缩热泵排热系统等热控方式逐渐受到人们的重视,其中冷凝换热对热泵的性能好坏有重要的影响。为了研究重力场对冷凝换热的影响,将紫铜直管冷凝器置于蒸气压缩热泵系统中,通过改变重力场与流动方向的夹角,测量得到了不同倾角下的冷凝换热系数和压降。实验结果表明,倾角对直管内冷凝换热系数的影响较大,不同倾角下的换热系数差别达30%,远大于不同倾角对直管内蒸发换热的影响;压缩机润滑油对冷凝换热的影响也很大,相比较无润滑油冷凝换热系数低30%以上。随着质量流量的增加,压缩机润滑油的影响逐渐减弱。
     

生产用汽凝水回收存在问题及解决方法

工业生产中经常用饱和蒸汽作为加热介质,其凝结水在回收过程中由于温度高而产生二次汽化,难以回收,造成热能和高品质水的浪费。针对这种现象提出合理、实用的解决方法,深度利用蒸汽的热能,降低凝结水的温度,使凝水更容易回收,减少热能损失,避免环境污染。     

A novel system parameters design and performance analysis method for Distributed Satellite-borne SAR system

As a promising new technology emerged in recent years, the Distributed Satellite-borne SAR (DSS) system with Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) imaging capability has been recognized by the remote sensing community as an integrated part of the spaceborne earth observation system. However, most researches on DSS were focused on individual aspects of system design/analysis and data processing, while few studies have been dedicated to establishing a standard methodological framework for universal DSS system design. Aiming at this problem, the topics of DSS system error analysis and design method are investigated in this paper. Firstly, a rigorous error propagation model of height measurement is theoretically derived from the DSS InSAR imaging geometry, and the impact of each error sources in this model on the height measurement accuracy is analyzed individually. In particular, the baseline length and its measurement error in the InSAR imaging plane are identified as the dominant factors. Second, a new method for DSS system design is proposed based on our analyses with the error propagation model. This method consists of two important phases, namely collaboration design and monostatic design. The major objective of collaboration design is to determine the configuration and parameters for the coordination between satellites in the DSS system. Afterwards, the key parameters for single satellite and the payload are determined by the monostatic design. Thirdly, a system performance analysis method is developed to comprehensively evaluate the performance of the pre-designed DSS system. In the next section, a typical example of DSS system design is given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed system design and analysis methods. The target DSS system has the same goal and hardware configuration as the TanDEM-X mission. Finally, the conclusion is drawn with our major findings are presented.     

Self-similar flow of a rotating dusty gas behind the shock wave with increasing energy, conduction and radiation heat flux

A self-similar solution is obtained for one dimensional adiabatic flow behind a cylindrical shock wave propagating in a rotating dusty gas in presence of heat conduction and radiation heat flux with increasing energy. The dusty gas is assumed to be a mixture of non-ideal (or perfect) gas and small solid particles, in which solid particles are continuously distributed. It is assumed that the equilibrium flow-condition is maintained and variable energy input is continuously supplied by the piston (or inner expanding surface). The heat conduction is expressed in terms of Fourier’s law and the radiation is considered to be of the diffusion type for an optically thick grey gas model. The thermal conductivity K and the absorption coefficient α_R are assumed to vary with temperature only. In order to obtain the similarity solutions the initial density of the ambient medium is assumed to be constant and the angular velocity of the ambient medium is assumed to be decreasing as the distance from the axis increases. The effects of the variation of the heat transfer parameters and non-idealness of the gas in the mixture are investigated. The effects of an increase in (i) the mass concentration of solid particles in the mixture and (ii) the ratio of the density of solid particles to the initial density of the gas on the flow variables are also investigated.