Formability enhancement in hot spinning of titanium alloy thin-walled tube via prediction and control of ductile fracture

The damage and fracture in hot spinning of titanium alloy is a very complex process under the combined effects of microstructure evolution and stress state. In this study, their dependences on processing parameters were investigated by an integrated FE model considering microstructure and damage evolution, and revealing the effects of microstructure and stress states on damage evolution. The results show that the inner surface of workpiece with the largest voids volume fraction is the place with...     

Wire electrochemical machining with axial electrolyte flushing for titanium alloy

Titanium and its alloys have found very wide application in aerospace due to their excellent characteristics although their processing is still a challenge. Electrochemical machining is an important issue in the fabrication of titanium and titanium alloys. Wire electrochemical machining (WECM) is mainly used for workpiece cutting under the condition of different thickness plates. It has a great advantage over wire electro-discharge machining, which is the absence of heat-affected zone around the cutting area. Moreover, the wire electrode in WECM could be used repetitively because it is not worn out. Thus, much attention has been paid to WECM. The effective way of removing electrolysis products is of importance to WECM. In this paper, the axial electrolyte flushing is presented to WECM for removing electrolysis products and renewing electrolyte. The Taguchi experiment is conducted to optimize the machining parameters, such as wire feedrate, machining voltage, electrolyte concentration, etc. Experimental results show that WECM with axial electrolyte flushing is a promising issue in the fabrication of titanium alloy (TC1). The feasibility of multi-wire electrochemical machining is also demonstrated to improve the machining productivity of WECM.     

Electromagnetic riveting technique and its applications

With the increasing applications of novel materials and structures in new-generation aircraft, conventional joining techniques in aircraft component assembly are greatly challenged. To meet those challenges, the electromagnetic riveting (EMR) technique was developed as an advanced joining tool, which exhibits obvious advantages in the assembly of new-generation aircraft. In this paper, the riveting principle of EMR was analyzed, and its development history and status were presented in detail. Then, equipment features of three typical EMR systems were given. Moreover, three important applications of EMR were covered, i.e., composite structure riveting, titanium rivet and large-size aluminum rivet riveting, and interference fit bolt installation. Specially, a novel strengthening method for mechanical linking holes based on EMR was also presented, which can significantly improve the fatigue behaviors of mechanical joints. Finally, open questions in the EMR field were discussed, and some recommendations for future work were also made. This paper can be useful for optimizing the joint designs of aircraft components and improving the level of aircraft maintenance.     

Influences of pulse frequency on formation and properties of composite anodic oxide films on Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al alloy

A thick composite anodic oxide film was fabricated in an environmentally friendly malic acid electrolyte containing PolyTetraFluoroEthylene (PTFE) nanoparticles on Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al alloys. The influence of pulse frequency on the morphology, microstructure and composition of composite anodic oxide films containing PTFE nanoparticles was investigated using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) equipped with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Raman spectroscopy. The tribological properties in terms of the friction coefficient, wear loss and morphology of worn surfaces were measured by ball-on-disc tests. The electrochemical property was evaluated by potentiodynamic polarization. The results indicated that the titanium dioxide of composite anodic oxide films transformed from anatase to rutile with the change of pulse frequency, which could result from the electrochemical dynamic equilibrium. The combination of PTFE nanoparticles and malic acid electrolyte molecules can influence the energy fluctuation of electrochemical equilibrium and formation of composite anodic oxide films. Moreover, composite anodic oxide films fabricated under the condition of 1.0–2.0 Hz exhibited the best wear resistance and corrosion property. The schematic diagram of the film formation and PTFE nanoparticles spreading process under different frequencies was elucidated.     

几种金属材料自冲铆接头的静态失效机理

利用自冲铆连接系统、材料试验机及扫描电子显微镜等设备来研究钛合金、铝锂合金及铝合金自冲铆接头的力学性能与静态失效机理。结果表明:TA1钛合金接头平均最大拉剪载荷(6 285.0 N)在3种接头中最大,8090铝锂合金接头(5 478.3 N)次之,5052铝合金接头(3 217.7 N)最小;不同金属材料自冲铆接头的静态失效模式有很大的区别,TA1钛合金接头出现铆钉从沿晶断裂向韧性断裂转变的失效过程,8090铝锂合金接头出现材料被擦伤与解理断裂的失效过程,5052铝合金接头仅出现材料被擦伤的失效过程。     

Whole-process modeling of titanium disc forming for gradient distributions of temperature and deformation

Gradient distributions of temperature and deformation (GDTD) are crucial for achieving dual-performance discs of titanium alloys which is required by the service environment of aeroengine. However, heating, cooling and deforming sequence in the whole process of the titanium disc forming, which leads to difficulties for achieving GDTD due to a lot of parameters. To solve this problem, a whole-process model of the titanium disc forming for GDTD has been established. In the model, heating and cooling via heat radiation, conduction and convection, and deforming by local loading with mold chilling are all considered. Experiments on heating and cooling as well as deforming were carried out by using a furnace and the Gleeble-3500 machine. The experimental data are used to determine thermal parameters and constitutive relations of the IMI834 titanium alloy, and then to verify the reliability of the model. Then the model was used to simulate the evolution rules of temperature and deformation of the titanium disc. The results show that the heating surface, furnace temperature, billet profile and loading rate play the core role for the control of GDTD, and thus a set of parameters were determined. Therefore, this work provides a base for developing a new forming technology of the dual-performance titanium discs with the approach of local heating and local loading.     

TB2钛合金薄壁波纹板的超塑性成形技术研究

论述了TB2(Ti-5Mo-5V-8Cr-3Al)钛合金的超塑性成形在空间飞行器结构件—波纹板(厚0.25mm)制造上的应用技术,内容包括成形工艺参数和试验装置。结果表明,TB2钛合金粗晶板材,不经过组织细化处理,在750±10℃时具有良好的超塑性,并在超塑性成形过程中发生动态再结晶,使晶粒细化;同时,强度(δ_b)和塑性(δ)均有所提高。对于TB2薄壁波纹板而言,不锈钢(1Cr18Ni9Ti)成形模具及其平面密封结构能够满足超塑性成形的使用要求。     

钛合金超塑性成形的模具设计

本文介绍了钛合金超塑性成形模具设计中的主要技术问题,如热成形方式的选择、模具材料、结构设计、功率计算、电热元件、耐火保温和高温密封等问题。     

钛合金筋板类构件局部加载成形有限元仿真分析中的摩擦及其影响

局部加载等温成形为大型钛合金筋板类构件省力、高性能成形制造提供了有效的途径。然而其成形过程复杂,材料参数、几何参数、工艺参数高度耦合作用,精确预测困难。有限元仿真为此类复杂成形问题的分析和优化提供了有力的工具。而摩擦模型和摩擦条件是数值模拟的重要边界条件之一,影响到预测结果的精度及可靠性。本文着重分析了库伦摩擦模型、剪切摩擦模型、库伦-剪切摩擦模型、库伦-粘着摩擦模型以及摩擦大小对筋板类构件局部加载成形仿真分析结果的影响。研究结果表明:剪切摩擦模型适用于局部加载成形过程的建模仿真;确定精确的摩擦条件可降低载荷预测误差15%以上;主动调控局部区域摩擦条件可改善局部加载成形过程的充填、减少缺陷。     

TB6钛合金抛光表面完整性试验

针对目前TB6钛合金类零件主要依靠手工抛光的技术问题,提出了羊毛毡轮数控抛光工艺,研究了抛光参数对表面粗糙度、表面硬度、表面残余应力的影响,进行了羊毛毡轮抛光参数优化,优选出了一组抛光参数:线速度v_s=19.63m/s,进给速度v_f=300mm/min,预压量a_p=0.5mm,加工行宽w=0.5mm。在此抛光参数下,羊毛毡轮抛光能够有效去除铣削刀纹,抛光后表面粗糙度R_a=0.15μm,并且抛光后表面残余应力为压应力。试验结果表明,该抛光方法能够有效地改善零件的表面完整性。