我国BPL时号的频率控制系统及结果分析

根据我国现行ＢＰＬ时号的频率控制系统,分析ＴＢＰＬ时号频率控制系统的缺陷,对目前ＢＰＬ时号的频率稳定性进行了评价,提出了一种新的频率控制方案。     

互联网上计算机时间传递系统设计方案及实验结果分析

计算机互联网的发展,使信息的传递更加方便、快捷。在时间频率用户中,中、低准确度的用户占很大比例,计算机互联网时间传递已经成为一个重要的手段。中国的网络授时系统从２０００年１月开通以来,近万人访问了授时网站ｈｔｔｐ：／／ｋｘｚｈ．ｓｘｓｏ．ａｃ．ｃｎ或其镜像站点ｈｔｔｐ：／／Ｂｅｉｊｉｎｇｔｉｍｅ．１２６．ｃｏｍ。介绍了国家授时中心网络授时系统的设计要点,给出了网络授时传递时间准确度的测量方法,分析了网络授时实验结果。     

Latitudinal variation of the topside electron temperature at different levels of solar activity

A database of electron temperature (T_e) measurements comprising of most of the available satellite measurements in the topside ionosphere is used for studying the solar activity variations of the electron temperature T_e at different latitudes, altitudes, local times and seasons. The T_e data are grouped into three levels of solar activity (low, medium, high) at four altitude ranges, for day and night, and for equinox and solstices. We find that in general T_e changes with solar activity are small and comparable in magnitude with seasonal changes but much smaller than the changes with altitude, latitude, and from day to night. In all cases, except at low altitude during daytime, T_e increases with increasing solar activity. But this increase is not linear as assumed in most empirical T_e models but requires at least a parabolic approximation. At 550 km during daytime negative as well as positive correlation is found with solar activity. Our global data base allows to quantify the latitude range and seasonal conditions for which these correlations occur. A negative correlation with solar activity is found in the invdip latitude range from 20 to 55 degrees during equinox and from 20 degrees onward during winter. In the low latitude (20 to −20 degrees invdip) F-region there is almost no change with solar activity during solstice and a positive correlation during equinox. A positive correlation is also observed during summer from 30 degrees onward.     

火星磁层顶形成和变化的理论研究

考虑太阳风动压与行星电离层中的带电粒子热压及磁压之和平衡,建立了有大气（电离层）的行星磁层顶形成的理论模型,结合卫星对火星的观测数据,对子午面内向日侧火星磁层顶位形进行了数值计算和分析,研究了火星磁层顶位形及其与太阳风动压之间的变化关系．结果认为,火星磁层顶位形与地球磁层顶相似．太阳风动压越大,火星磁层顶越靠近火星;太阳风动压越弱,火星磁层顶越远离火星．根据火星内秉磁矩从古到今逐渐减小的观点,探索了大尺度磁场（内禀磁矩）对火星磁层顶的贡献作用,结果认为大尺度磁场越强,火星磁层顶越远离行星．这对于进一步研究火星磁层的长期演化以及其他行星磁层的位形变化都具有重要的意义．     

An attempt to study long-term variation of sporadic E layers using neural networks

Strong positive correlation between sporadic E layers and the solar activity and the long-term declining trend of Es were found in this paper. Then the feed-forward back propagation neural networks (NNs) were used to simulate the long-term variation of Es at four stations and predict foEs yearly average values. The inputs used for NNs are the yearly mean values of foEs in the daytime of the past ten years and the yearly averaged data of solar 10.7 cm radio flux (F107) of the present year, and the output is the present yearly mean value of daytime foEs. The outputs of trained NNs have high correlation with the desired values and the foEs yearly mean values predicted by NNs have good agreement with the observed data. The results indicate that NNs can make full use of the observed data to simulate the long variation rule of Es. Also, the results confirm the effect of solar activity on Es.     

Statistical characterisation of spread F over South Africa

The occurrence of mid-latitude spread F (SF) over South Africa has not been extensively studied since the installation of the DPS-4 digisondes in 1996 and 2000 at Grahamstown (33.32 °S, 26.50 °E) and Madimbo (22.38 °S, 30.88 °E) respectively. This study is intended to quantify the probability of occurrence of F region disturbances associated with SF over South Africa. A study was conducted using data for 8 years (2001–2008) over Madimbo (with a time resolution of 30 min) and Grahamstown (with a variable time resolution of 15 and 30 min). In this study, SF has been classified into frequency SF (FSF), range SF (RSF) and mixed SF (MSF). The SF events were identified by manually identifying ionograms showing SF and tabulating them according to type for further statistical analysis. The results show that the diurnal pattern of SF peaks strongly between 01:00 and 02:00 local time, LT (LT = UT + 2 h), where UT is the universal time. This pattern is true for all seasons and types of SF at Madimbo and Grahamstown in 2001 and 2005, except for RSF which had peaks during autumn and spring in 2001 at Madimbo. The probability of both MSF and FSF tends to increase with decreasing solar activity, with a peak in 2005 (a moderate solar activity period). The seasonal peaks of MSF and FSF are more frequent during winter months at both Madimbo and Grahamstown. In this study, SF was evident in ∼0.03% and ∼0.06% of the available ionograms at Madimbo and Grahamstown respectively during the 8 years.     

浅谈温度变化对光学镜面的影响

环境温度变化将导致光学镜内的温度分布发生变化,文章分析了光学镜内不同的温度分布对其面形造成的危害,以及对光学系统成像质量的影响,对空间光学系统光学镜温度场设计具有一定参考价值.     

卡尔曼滤波动态优化及其在遥控机器人空间实验中应用

本文是在文献[1]的基础上,讨论遥控机器人追踪自由飞行目标物的动态性能问题。应用黄金分割法和元素交替极小化法对扩展的卡尔曼滤波初值条件进行搜索并获得优化解。仿真结果表明优化方法简单可行,优化解满足系统性能要求。     

星载微波传感器大气温湿度物理反演算法研究

针对我国下一代静止轨道微波探测器资料应用的需求,对微波50~60GHz和183GHz的温湿遥感通道开展了不同大气条件下探测敏感高度的模拟,发现大气散射对微波探测影响明显,尤其是近地面通道,在未来数据应用时需加以注意。提出一种基于一维变分的大气温湿度廓线物理反演算法。以美国最新一代气象卫星Suomi NPP搭载的ATMS(Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder)获取的观测资料为研究对象,RTTOV(Radiative Transfer for TOVS)快速辐射传输模式为前向算子,利用一维变分算法开展了温湿度廓线反演单点试验。研究发现:地表参数对微波亮温,尤其是地面通道影响较大。同时,反演所需背景场对反演结果影响较明显,反演所得温度与背景场较接近。     

面向下一代运载火箭的综合电子系统集成技术

介绍了面向下一代运载火箭分布式模块化电子系统(DIMA)的集成技术及系统架构。针对下一代运载火箭复杂电子系统的特点,按照系统集成的路线,对系统设计目标、系统功能需求分析、系统抽象机制、系统综合技术等多方面进行论述。首先,根据电气系统功能获得系统需求,采用功能抽象和层次抽象定义系统抽象模型,提取出高内聚低耦合的原子功能模块,并对模块的属性、交换关系、时序约束关系等进行定义;然后采用可视化表征方法对系统进行深入分析,利用系统综合技术实现了从系统功能到硬件资源的映射,从而给出了集成控制单元和模块的种类;随后采用分时分区的设计理念对系统节点分区划分方案及容错架构进行了定义,并对分区操作系统的调度模型和交换式的数据交互网络进行了论述,最终给出了系统软硬件架构。