Near real-time PPP-based monitoring of the ionosphere using dual-frequency GPS/BDS/Galileo data

Ionosphere delay is very important to GNSS observations, since it is one of the main error sources which have to be mitigated even eliminated in order to determine reliable and precise positions. The ionosphere is a dispersive medium to radio signal, so the value of the group delay or phase advance of GNSS radio signal depends on the signal frequency. Ground-based GNSS stations have been used for ionosphere monitoring and modeling for a long time. In this paper we will introduce a novel approach suitable for single-receiver operation based on the precise point positioning (PPP) technique. One of the main characteristic is that only carrier-phase observations are used to avoid particular effects of pseudorange observations. The technique consists of introducing ionosphere ambiguity parameters obtained from PPP filter into the geometry-free combination of observations to estimate ionospheric delays. Observational data from stations that are capable of tracking the GPS/BDS/GALILEO from the International GNSS Service (IGS) Multi-GNSS Experiments (MGEX) network are processed. For the purpose of performance validation, ionospheric delays series derived from the novel approach are compared with the global ionospheric map (GIM) from Ionospheric Associate Analysis Centers (IAACs). The results are encouraging and offer potential solutions to the near real-time ionosphere monitoring.     

基于三参数幂函数的低周疲劳寿命预测方法研究

为了找到能够更好地预测材料低周疲劳寿命的方法,基于三参数幂函数公式,对引起材料疲劳损伤的原因进行分析,提出了描述损伤能密度与疲劳寿命关系的寿命预测模型。采用高温合金与钛合金等多种材料的低周疲劳试验数据对提出的模型进行分析验证,并将分析结果与传统的Masson-Coffin模型和三参数幂函数公式的分析结果进行对比。结果表明:所提出的损伤能密度模型对不同条件下的材料数据的拟合效果较好,七种不同条件下的材料数据拟合结果中,有六种的相关系数大于0.9,且所有条件下的寿命预测点都在2倍分散带以内,精度高于另两种模型,并且该模型能够确切地描述引起材料低循环疲劳损伤的原因,简洁明了。     

具有相依特性的航天测控网稳定性分析

随着信息技术的不断提升,航天测控网各系统中的耦合和依赖变得越来越强烈。针对这种具有相依特性的测控网络的稳定性问题,提出借助于相依网络的分析方法,根据信息在测控网中所起的作用,对航天测控网相依特性进行分析、研究,特别是相依网络的级联失效过程进行稳定性分析。将航天测控网划分为具有相依特性的数据信息和控制信息,通过针对单侧网络进行蓄意攻击,研究不同控制信息模式下航天测控系统的稳定性,提出构建稳定、高效的测控网的方法。仿真结果表明,在数据信息遭受攻击时,合理规划控制信息形态并减小控制信息规模,能够有效保障航天测控系统的稳定性。     

A numerical optimization of high altitude testing facility for wind tunnel experiments

High altitude test facilities are required to test the high area ratio nozzles operating at the upper stages of rocket in the nozzle full flow conditions.It is typically achieved by creating the ambient pressure equal or less than the nozzle exit pressure.On average,air/GN2is used as active gas for ejector system that is stored in the high pressure cylinders.The wind tunnel facilities are used for conducting aerodynamic simulation experiments at/under various flow velocities and operating conditions.However,constructing both of these facilities require more laboratory space and expensive instruments.Because of this demerit,a novel scheme is implemented for conducting wind tunnel experiments by using the existing infrastructure available in the high altitude testing(HAT)facility.This article presents the details about the methods implemented for suitably modifying the sub-scale HAT facility to conduct wind tunnel experiments.Hence,the design of nozzle for required area ratio A/A*,realization of test section and the optimized configuration are focused in the present analysis.Specific insights into various rocket models including high thrust cryogenic engines and their holding mechanisms to conduct wind tunnel experiments in the HAT facility are analyzed.A detailed CFD analysis is done to propose this conversion without affecting the existing functional requirements of the HAT facility.     

等离子体对GPS信号载噪比的影响

飞行器再入过程产生等离子体,等离子体中电子密度的变化对电磁波信号造成幅度衰减和相位偏移,严重时导致通信中断。理论分析了等离子体对GPS信号载噪比的影响;利用实验室环境下的等离子体模拟装置,设计了GPS二键相控(BPSK)调制信号透过等离子体的地面模拟方案,进行了等离子体对GPS接收机性能影响的实验研究,获得了不同电子密度下的衰减和导航信号载噪比的数据。实验结果与理论分析一致,不仅证明了等离子体下衰减与导航信号载噪比的变化是一致的结论,而且验证了实验方法的有效性。     

复合材料参数化桨叶的动力学减振优化设计

为了进行桨叶动力学优化设计,建立面向工程设计的复合材料多闭室C型梁桨叶剖面参数化模型,实现了桨叶剖面气动外形、内部结构组件、复合材料铺层设计的参数化,并提出了一种保持C型梁纤维面积恒定的参数化设计方法.采用全局寻优能力较强的多种群遗传算法(MPGA),集成参数化设计模型与旋翼有限元气动弹性综合分析模型,通过桨叶各剖面结构组件的参数优化实现了旋翼动力学减振.算例给出了"海豚"直升机桨叶剖面特性实测值与参数化桨叶模型计算值的对比,整体误差不超过3%,并用该参数化模型对桨叶进行动力学减振优化,实现了旋翼加权优化振动载荷系数减小4.15%,经过优化后桨叶的配重位置更加分散,有利于缓解桨叶内部应力/应变突变;而且部分配重分配到桨尖,提高了旋翼的自转惯量,增加了旋翼自转下滑的安全性.     

基于扩张状态观测器的再入弹头控制系统设计

为了提高非自旋再入弹头的变质心控制系统的鲁棒性,采用滑模控制方法设计了变质心控制系统中的控制器。为了使控制系统设计简单,将弹头俯仰通道和偏航通道之间的耦合作用以及外界干扰综合为汇总不确定量,并采用扩张状态观测器进行估计和补偿。扩张状态观测器引入到滑模控制器中,从而发展了一种基于扩张状态观测器的滑模控制器。对弹头的变质心控制系统进行了仿真分析,仿真结果表明,所设计的控制器能够有效地补偿汇总不确定量的影响,使控制系统输出快速而准确地跟踪上指令信号。     

采用波前编码降低MWIR成像系统的温度敏感度

波前编码成像由于可以大大扩展非相干成像系统的景深而不降低像质,成为近年来的研究热点.文章首先介绍了波前编码原理,然后基于波前编码原理对现有空间中波红外光学系统进行了优化改进,比较了原光学系统和改进系统在不同温度环境下的点扩散函数(PSF)、调制传递函数(MTF),结果表明,新系统在更大的温度范围内具有稳定的成像性能.     

压力对Fe_（16）N_2结构和磁性的影响

用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理方法,系统地研究了压力对Fe16N2体系结构和磁性的影响。结果表明仅仅离N位最远的Fe Ⅲ拥有一个约为2.84μB的大磁矩,而FeⅠ和Fe Ⅱ原子没有大磁矩产生。此外,还发现从0到47 GPa,总磁矩和单胞体积随着压力的增加单调减小,然而,在48 GPa的压力作用下,伴随着单胞体积的剧减,体系总磁矩消失。     

S频段小数分频锁相环频率合成器实现与应用

传统的整数分频锁相环频率合成技术无法在单个环路实现高频率、低分辨率和低相噪的目标,小数分频锁相环在提高鉴相频率的同时减小分频计数值,从而降低相位噪声。针对USB统一测控系统的需要,本文提出基于单片小数分频锁相环的微波频率合成方法。实验结果表明,小数分频锁相环频率合成器具备良好的信号输出特性,可以为测控系统提供低成本频率合成方案。