气膜约束对轴系固有频率影响的试验

对10kg转子进行自由状态和有气膜约束两种状态下的试验模态分析,试验结果给出了转子平动、锥动和一阶弯曲时的固有频率及其振型等模态参数,分析了轴承供气压力变化对轴系固有频率的影响.进行了轴系升降速试验,结果表明:气膜约束下的模态分析结果比自由状态下的更接近于升降速试验的结果.试验结果为气体轴系固有频率的确定以及控制参数的选取提供了依据,也为下一步轴系振动控制奠定了基础.      

基于气动热力模型的FADEC系统FHA方法

从适航规章对全权限数字发动机控制(full authority digital engine control,简称FADEC)系统的安全要求出发,结合功能危险分析(functional hazard assessment,简称FHA)的一般原则和FADEC系统的特点,得到了FADEC系统FHA的分析要素.根据分析要素中的工具与数据需求,将航空发动机气动热力模型用于可调放气活门(variable bleed valve,简称VBV)控制功能失效危险分析,结果表明:①该模型能够辅助确定FADEC系统功能失效的发动机影响;②FADEC系统功能危险的模型分析方法通过定量分析确定发动机影响的危险等级,为FHA提供直观的参考依据,可作为对专家经验的补充.      

GNSS-R concept extended by a fine orbit tuning

Small changes in semimajor axis of the orbits selected for the GNSS-R [R as Reflectometry] satellites, so-called fine orbit tuning, known from the ESA’s Gravity and steady-state Ocean Circulation Explorer mission, can dramatically increase the number of nadir and off-nadir reflecting points and, in turn, can enhance the capability of the concept of bistatic altimetry (GNSS Reflectometry) without additional costs. The application of our suggestion is feasible for a satellite which will be equipped by thrusters for the orbit keeping. During the mission lifetime several orbit tunings are feasible, just to transfer from one to another orbit. Then we can study short-periodic or longer-periodic features, according to scientific goals defined for the mission. The shortest cycles (few days), corresponding to the required revisit time (defined by ESA), may be subcycles of much longer cycles (repeat periods).     

多孔硅树脂/聚二甲基硅氧烷复合材料的制备及其孔结构表征

采用甲基苯基硅树脂为树脂基体,嵌段共聚物聚二甲基硅氧烷-聚氧乙烯(PDMS-PEO)为模板剂,合成甲基苯基硅树脂/聚二甲基硅氧烷(MPS/PDMS)复合材料,并采用透射电镜(TEM)、氢核磁(1H NMR)和氮气吸附脱附等对所制备材料的结构和性能进行表征。结果表明,所制备的MPS/PDMS复合材料具有有序的介孔结构,其BET比表面积、孔容和平均孔径分别为285 m2/g、0.21 cm3/g和24.2 nm。     

浆料固相含量对多孔氮化硅陶瓷结构和性能的影响

以琼脂糖作为凝胶物质,采用凝胶注模工艺制备了多孔氮化硅陶瓷,通过改变浆料的固相含量,制备了不同性能的多孔氮化硅陶瓷.结果表明,随着浆料的固相含量从35vol％增加到45vol％,材料的气孔率从57.6％减小至40.8％,弯曲强度从96 MPa增加到178 MPa;大量的长棒状β-Si3N4晶粒从孔壁上生长出来,将气孔填充,其生长方式为溶解-沉淀-析出与气-液-固两种生长机制协同作用的结果.长棒状的氮化硅晶须和恰当的界面结合强度是多孔氮化硅陶瓷具有较高强度的主要原因.     

基于粒子群优化的光伏阵列最大功率点跟踪法研究

光伏阵列在局部阴影条件下,出现反向雪崩效应,导致输出功率出现多个局部极大值点,此时常规的最大功率点跟踪（MPPT）失效。基于比较完善的光伏电池遮挡模型,对光伏阵列进行建模,验证其输出功率的多峰特性。提出一种基于粒子群优化算法（PSO）的多峰最大功率点跟踪方法,并积累粒子个体搜索经验,提高跟踪速度。仿真表明,当外界条件变化时,此方法可以快速跟踪光伏模块的最大功率,从而有效地利用能源。     

基于故障树分析的飞船检漏间泄漏分析与建模

检漏间是飞船在航天发射场进行检漏分析的重要设施设备。在对飞船检漏间的基本结构组成进行分析的基础上,建立了基于小孔泄漏模型的飞船检漏间泄漏过程数学模型,并进行了仿真分析。同时,对飞船检漏间迷宫式密封结构的泄漏途径进行了分析,在此基础上,建立了飞船检漏间泄漏因素的故障树模型。依据该模型,通过分析排查试验,明确了泄漏故障发生的具体位置、泄漏原因以及泄漏机理。在采取针对性维修措施的基础上,飞船检漏间漏率指标达到了平均<100Pa/24h的范围,满足了设计指标<150Pa/24h的要求。实际泄漏检测试验表明：上述方法简单、有效。     

Preparation of CF/Ni-Fe/CNT/silicone layered rubber for aircraft sealing and electromagnetic interference shielding applications

To meet the needs of preventing information leakage in space engineering and military industry, an efficient method was introduced to obtain layered electromagnetic shielding sealing rubber. The carbon fiber, Ni-Fe coating, and Carbon NanoTube (CNT) were combined by chemical plating and in-situ polymerization to obtain a lightweight (0.14 g/cm²) and thin (1 mm thick) Carbon fiber Fabric (CF)/Ni-Fe/CNT/silicone layered electromagnetic shielding composites. The layered material obtained by adjusting the electroless plating time exhibited a high Shielding Efficiency (SE) of 60.2–85.5 dB in the range of 0–4800 MHz, which can be used for aviation electromagnetic shielding. Carbon fibers and carbon nanotubes mainly attenuated electromagnetic waves through absorption loss, while the nickel-iron alloy coating through reflection loss interacted with the magnetic vector of incident ElectroMagnetic (EM) radiation and magnetic dipoles, therefore, the EM Interference (EMI) shielding composite attenuated EM waves with the “absorption-reflection-absorption” cooperative interaction. Moreover, the flexible fabric substrate adhered with silicone rubber possessed a breaking elongation of 52.3%, which can be utilized as a good sealing material. Simultaneously, the outstanding exothermicity (67.2 °C under the applied voltage of 5 V) makes it possible to be applied in electric heating area. The electromagnetic shielding composites prepared in this paper have good potential in the fields of precision electronic equipment and aviation systems.     

一种基于迭代的多音干扰消除方案

针对正交频分复用技术(OFDM)系统的多音干扰,本文提出先通过增加频域分辨率进行多音干扰识别,再基于迭代运算逐个对多个单音干扰进行参数估计、重构和消除的方案。其中,在多音干扰识别阶段,使用Zoom FFT技术以提高频域分辨率并简化计算复杂度。然而,Zoom FFT后的降采样序列点数不一定满足2的整数次幂,对于单音干扰参数估计,此时可采用经典的基于离散傅里叶变换(DFT)的最大似然参数估计(DFT-MLE),但当采样点数太大时,DFT运算将带来很大的实现复杂度。本文在基于DFT-MLE算法基础上给出一种基于快速傅里叶变换(FFT)的单音参数估计法FFT-MLE,不仅简化了运算复杂度,而且相比DFT-MLE其估计性能有更好的鲁棒性。最后的仿真结果说明了该多音干扰消除方案的有效性。     

调频多普勒引信抗调幅干扰性能分析

为提高调频多普勒引信抗调幅干扰性能,定量研究了调幅干扰对其作用机理,以信干比(SJR)增益作为表征参量定量研究了不同调幅干扰作用下调频多普勒引信的抗干扰性能。详细推导了正弦波调幅、方波调幅和三角波调幅干扰作用下调频多普勒引信的信干比增益,并对其进行了仿真验证。定量分析、仿真与引信实验测试结果表明:在调幅干扰下调频多普勒引信总信干比增益在10 d B量级;调频多普勒引信抗各种调制样式调幅干扰能力相当,对调幅干扰调制样式不敏感;调幅指数对调频多普勒引信抗干扰性能基本无影响;减小多普勒滤波器带宽可以一定程度提高调频多普勒引信系统抗干扰性能。