A fuzzy PID-controlled SMA actuator for a two-DOF joint

Shape memory alloy(SMA) actuator is a potential advanced component for servosystems of aerospace vehicles and aircraft. This paper presents a joint with two degrees of freedom(DOF) and a mobility range close to ±60 when driven by SMA triple wires. The fuzzy proportional-integral-derivative(PID)-controlled actuator drive was designed using antagonistic SMA triple wires, and the resistance feedback signal made a closed loop. Experiments showed that, with the driving responding frequency increasing, the overstress became harder to be avoided at the position under the maximum friction force. Furthermore, the hysteresis gap between the heating and cooling paths of the strain-to-resistance curve expanded under this condition. A fuzzy logic control was considered as a solution, and the curves of the wires were then modeled by fitting polynomials so that the measured resistance was used directly to determine the control signal. Accurate control was demonstrated through the step response, and the experimental results showed that under the fuzzy PID-control program, the mean absolute error(MAE) of the rotation angle was about 3.147. In addition, the investigation of the external interference to the system proved the controllable maximum output.     

A numerical model for bird strike on sidewall structure of an aircraft nose

In order to examine the potential of using the coupled smooth particles hydrodynamic(SPH) and finite element(FE) method to predict the dynamic responses of aircraft structures in bird strike events, bird-strike tests on the sidewall structure of an aircraft nose are carried out and numerically simulated. The bird is modeled with SPH and described by the Murnaghan equation of state, while the structure is modeled with finite elements. A coupled SPH–FE method is developed to simulate the bird-strike tests and a numerical model is established using a commercial software PAM-CRASH. The bird model shows no signs of instability and correctly modeled the break-up of the bird into particles. Finally the dynamic response such as strains in the skin is simulated and compared with test results, and the simulated deformation and fracture process of the sidewall structure is compared with images recorded by a high speed camera. Good agreement between the simulation results and test data indicates that the coupled SPH–FE method can provide a very powerful tool in predicting the dynamic responses of aircraft structures in events of bird strike.     

直升机蜂窝夹层结构缺陷验收准则验证技术研究

蜂窝夹层作为一种特殊的复合材料结构,具有比强度、比刚度较高,性能易设计且便于大尺寸整体成型等诸多优点,广泛应用在航空器的结构设计中。但蜂窝夹层结构在制造、使用和维护过程中易出现脱／漏粘、冲击、磕碰等内在缺陷或外来损伤,可能导致结构强度的降低,从而危及结构安全。基于强度理论制定了一种直升机蜂窝夹层结构的静强度、疲劳强度和剩余强度综合验证思路与方法。针对典型结构的构型、缺陷类型和工程可检缺陷参数尺寸,设计了模拟真实蜂窝夹层结构的验证样件和缺陷预制技术,通过强度性能的试验和研究,获得了带有脱／漏粘缺陷、冲击／磕碰损伤等缺陷的结构强度缺陷容限值,为其缺陷验收准则的制定提供了技术依据。     

基于数控切齿的弧线齿面齿轮啮合特性研究

研究了弧线齿面齿轮的数控切齿及其啮合特性.基于假想产形齿轮的概念,同时考虑了刀具法向截面的修形,推导弧线齿面齿轮的齿面方程;以坐标变换为工具,建立其机床加工模型,确定各运动轴的多项式表达式;在此基础上,建立了考虑安装误差的弧线齿面齿轮副接触分析模型.计算结果表明:通过面齿轮的齿面修形,可以降低啮合转换点处的传动误差幅值,并获得较好的传动误差曲线.      

基于ANSYS的整体叶盘结构优化设计

为保证整体叶盘结构在安全工作条件下质量最轻,基于ANSYS优化平台,建立了整体叶盘三维参数化模型及结构优化设计数学模型,完成了整体叶盘结构的优化设计.首先结合相关静强度设计准则及方法,在给定轮缘分布载荷条件下对轮盘子午面进行优化.然后建立整体叶盘三维模型,并对子午面优化中未考虑的轮缘关键尺寸如轮缘厚度、喉道倒角、叶根倒角进行三维局部优化.在三维优化中总结出了盘喉道和叶根最大等效应力与各优化参数之间的关系.分两步实施的整个轮盘优化过程仅需3~4h.      

一种提高UDP可靠性的数据传输方法研究

针对传统的UDP协议数据传输效率高但可靠性差的特点,提出了一种基于分区确认的分包与重组方法,使用自适应拥塞控制机制,并提出乘性增加减性减少（multiplicative increase reduced decrease,MIRD）算法对超时间隔进行处理,实现了音频数据的实时可靠传输,满足了特定场合下大量数据的传输实时性强和可靠性高的要求,提高了带宽利用的公平性和稳定性,拓展了UDP协议的使用范围。实验验证了该方法的可行性．音频数据传输的可靠性得到了提高。     

复杂型面固体装药结构的快速建模技术

高质量的有限元网格是保证计算精度的前提和基础。固体装药结构型面极其复杂,这给有限元的离散带来了很大的困难,为此需要开展快速建模技术研究。快速建模思想是针对固体装药结构具有循环对称的特点,基于CAE软件,对于其中子结构将其分割成具有单一几何拓扑型式的组合体,方便地实现拉伸、映射或者扫掠操作,获得精度较高的结构化网格。针对某一典型星形内孔固体装药结构,详细阐述了快速建模的核心技术,数值模拟了固化降温过程中固体装药结构的应力应变场特征。快速建模技术对于其他类似的固体装药结构有限元离散具有很好的借鉴和参考价值。     

基于CDM-CZM的复合材料补片补强参数分析

 复合材料开口补强设计参数的确定对于结构设计具有重要的意义。针对复合材料层合板开口区补片补强结构,采用各向异性材料连续介质损伤力学模型(CDM)对复合材料层合板的损伤演化进行描述,采用粘聚区模型(CZM)对补片与母板间界面材料的分层损伤进行模拟,建立了复合材料开口区补片补强结构三维非线性渐进损伤模型,模型可预测补强结构强度和损伤演化过程。应用本文模型分析了补片铺层方式、补片厚度和补片半径3个主要设计参数对补强效果的影响,明确了补片与母板间界面材料分层损伤破坏是导致补强结构最终失效的主要原因。     

热环境对飞行器壁板结构动特性的影响

 高超声速飞行器在巡航或再入过程中面临着严酷的气动力/热/噪声等复合环境,对热防护系统结构的完整性和耐久性提出了严峻挑战。热环境下的动特性是进行结构动态响应分析和优化设计的基础,本文对四周简支的飞行器热防护系统金属加筋壁板热动特性进行了分析,使用有限元软件NASTRAN建立分析模型,基于理论和有限元方法获得了壁板结构热屈曲临界温度,研究了热环境对固有振动频率和固有振型的影响,对比分析了均匀和非均匀温度场对结构模态的影响。结果表明,壁板结构在热环境下易发生屈曲,热模态分析中需考虑热屈曲、大位移变形等因素。同时证实热环境对壁板结构动特性影响较大,结构的固有振动频率随热环境下弹性模量的降低而减小,热应力对结构的固有振动频率和振型都有影响,当温度场分布改变时,固有振动频率的变化规律基本相同,固有振型则不同。     

插拔装置密封件的有限元分析

针对一种插拔装置不能灵活分离的问题,使用有限元法计算并比较“Y”形、“L”形、“T”形与“O”形密封圈插入和拔出时结构与密封圈接触部位接触力,通过气密考核试验及分离力试验对计算结果进行验证.结果表明,异形密封圈密封性能良好,且能显著降低结构拆卸时的摩擦力,有利于结构拆卸灵活、顺畅.