Investigation on surface roughness,residual stress and fatigue property of milling in-situ TiB2/7050Al metal matrix composites

For higher efficiency and precision manufacturing, more and more attentions are focused on the surface roughness and residual stress of machined parts to obtain a good fatigue life. At present, the in-situ TiB₂/7050Al metal matrix composites are widely researched due to its attractive properties such as low density, good wear resistance and improved strength. It is of great significance to investigate the machined surface roughness, residual stress and fatigue life for higher efficiency and precision manufacturing of this new kind material. In this study, the surface roughness including two-dimensional and three-dimensional roughness, residual stress and fatigue life of milling in-situ TiB₂/7050Al metal matrix composites were analyzed. It was found from comparative investigation that the three-dimensional surface roughness would be more appropriate to represent the machined surface profile of milling particle reinforced metal matrix composites. The cutting temperature played a great role on the residual stress. However, the effect of increasing cutting force could slow down the transformation from compressive stress to tensile stress under 270 °C. An exponential relationship between three-dimensional roughness and fatigue life was established and the main fracture mechanism was brittle fracture with observation of obvious shellfish veins, river pattern veins and wave shaped veins in fracture surface.     

5005铝合金分流模挤压过程有限元模拟

采用DEFORM-3D有限元商业软件,利用焊合面重构技术实现了空心型材分流组合模挤压过程模拟,获取了挤压过程中的材料流动行为与流动速度场的规律,结合型材挤出时模拟的应力场和应变场的分布,研究型材挤压的晶粒分布规律并其成因。结果表明:挤压型材的横截面上的应力应变分布与实际晶粒尺寸分布有对应关系,型材挤压成形过程中应力应变集中分布是造成型材边部晶粒尺寸比中心部细小,拐角区域晶粒比直边区域细小的原因。     

Global aerodynamic design optimization based on data dimensionality reduction

In aerodynamic optimization, global optimization methods such as genetic algorithms are preferred in many cases because of their advantage on reaching global optimum. However, for complex problems in which large number of design variables are needed, the computational cost becomes prohibitive, and thus original global optimization strategies are required. To address this need, data dimensionality reduction method is combined with global optimization methods, thus forming a new global optimization system, aiming to improve the efficiency of conventional global optimization. The new optimization system involves applying Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) in dimensionality reduction of design space while maintaining the generality of original design space. Besides, an acceleration approach for samples calculation in surrogate modeling is applied to reduce the computational time while providing sufficient accuracy. The optimizations of a transonic airfoil RAE2822 and the transonic wing ONERA M6 are performed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed new optimization system. In both cases, we manage to reduce the number of design variables from 20 to 10 and from 42 to 20 respectively. The new design optimization system converges faster and it takes 1/3 of the total time of traditional optimization to converge to a better design, thus significantly reducing the overall optimization time and improving the efficiency of conventional global design optimization method.     

Optimization of entry-vehicle shapes during conceptual design

During the conceptual design of a re-entry vehicle, the vehicle shape and geometry can be varied and its impact on performance can be evaluated. In this study, the shape optimization of two classes of vehicles has been studied: a capsule and a winged vehicle. Their aerodynamic characteristics were analyzed using local-inclination methods, automatically selected per vehicle segment. Entry trajectories down to Mach 3 were calculated assuming trimmed conditions. For the winged vehicle, which has both a body flap and elevons, a guidance algorithm to track a reference heat-rate was used. Multi-objective particle swarm optimization was used to optimize the shape using objectives related to mass, volume and range. The optimizations show a large variation in vehicle performance over the explored parameter space. Areas of very strong non-linearity are observed in the direct neighborhood of the two-dimensional Pareto fronts. This indicates the need for robust exploration of the influence of vehicle shapes on system performance during engineering trade-offs, which are performed during conceptual design. A number of important aspects of the influence of vehicle behavior on the Pareto fronts are observed and discussed. There is a nearly complete convergence to narrow-wing solutions for the winged vehicle. Also, it is found that imposing pitch-stability for the winged vehicle at all angles of attack results in vehicle shapes which require upward control surface deflections during the majority of the entry.     

含噪信号经验模式分解虚假分量识别方法

针对含噪信号Hilbert-Huang变换存在虚假分量,提出改进的奇异值分解(SVD)方法进行降噪,改进包含两个部分:一是利用重构相空间代替传统矩阵如Hankel矩阵,以去掉信号冗余,再者提出奇异值能量熵分量差分法,更易于定出重构奇异值阶次;二是提出了频谱比值法对虚假分量进行辨识,更有效辨识出虚假分量.首先利用经验模式分解(EMD)得到本征模式分量(IMF),识别并剔除趋势项,重构信号,然后进行SVD,重构降噪后的信号,消除虚假分量,最后进行时频分析.联合方法应用于含噪仿真信号,信噪比(signal noise ratio,SNR)提高了5.5%,虚假分量辨识率提高至100%,用于双跨转子故障振动信号,得到正确的时频结果,表明了所提方法识别含噪信号虚假分量的有效性.     

基于全局稀疏地图的AGV视觉定位技术

为了实现自动导引车（AGV）在复杂工业环境下的高精度定位,克服环境变化给定位带来的影响,提出了基于全局稀疏地图的视觉定位方法。首先,设计了大容量二维编码点,作为人工路标铺设在工业环境的地面;然后,基于一种四边形识别算法,在复杂工业环境中准确分割和识别二维编码点;最后,利用二维编码点提供的编码信息,鲁棒匹配图像中的特征点,并以此为基础,使用一种分参数块优化的三维重建策略,实现了工业环境的大规模地图构建,为AGV视觉定位提供了一种稀疏电子地图。AGV视觉的定位通过匹配车载视觉传感器图像中的特征点和稀疏电子地图实现。停车重复定位精度小于0.5 mm,角度偏差小于0.5°,轨迹平均位移误差小于0.1%。实际应用结果表明,该方法能在复杂工业环境中实现AGV视觉的定位,定位的速度和精度方面都满足工业应用的要求,为AGV的视觉定位提供了新的思路。      

分布式容错配电系统设计与仿真

阐述了分布式容错配电系统的功能需求及构型设计,完成了分布式容错配电仿真验证系统的研制,并进行了试验验证。结果表明:系统运行可靠,控制逻辑正确,系统设计满足功能要求。     

一种基于随机优化算法的民用飞机突风动载荷重建方法

民用飞机突风载荷的准确重建对于飞行安全具有十分重要的意义。基于随机优化算法,提出一种突风动载荷重建方法。首先,基于频域气弹耦合方程,建立一个突风动载荷时域分析模型,其次,引入Hicks-Henne 型函数进行突风速度场的参数化建模,在此基础上,基于随机优化算法对各型函数参数进行迭代寻优,使得优化目标值与测量值一致,最终得到重建后的突风速度及对应的动态响应及载荷。最后,以GTA 模型经历1-cos 形状突风为例进行数值仿真。结果表明：本文提出的突风动载荷重建方法可有效实现突风速度场的识别,进而完成突风动载荷的重建;针对本文算例,过载最大误差为3.5%,载荷最大误差不超过1%。     

自适应复合材料薄壁梁形状控制

针对翼面和桨叶等升力面结构,以单闭室薄壁梁为典型结构模型,讨论自适应复合材料薄壁梁的弯曲和扭转,探讨控制结构形状的途径     

航空发动机涡轮盘榫槽的形状优化设计

给出了航空发动机涡轮盘榫槽的形状优化设计的数学模型,并用参变量评价函数法对该数学模型进行等价转换。用基于两点累积信息的原／倒变量展开的对偶优化方法ＤＥＯＲＣＴ对该问题进行求解。算例验证了本文思想及方法的正确性。