Human navigation ability: Tests of the encoding-error model of path integration

This paper tests the generality and implications of an encoding-error model (Fujita et al. 1993) of humans' ability to keep track of their position in space in the absence of visual cues (i.e., by nonvisual path integration). The model proposes that when people undergo nonvisually guided travel, they encode the distances and turns that they experience, and their errors reflect systematic inaccuracies in the encoding process. Thus when people try to return to the origin of travel, they base their response on mis-encoded values of the outbound distances and turns. The two experiments reported here addressed three issues related to the model: (i) whether path integration is context-dependent and if so, how rapidly it adapts to recently experienced distances and turns; (ii) whether effects of experience can be specifically attributed to changes in the encoding process, and if so, what changes; and (iii) whether the encoding process represents distances and turns in the individual paths without considering their spatial relationship to one another (i.e., an object-centered representation). Testing these issues allows us to evaluate and develop the model.Subjects who were blindfolded or had restricted vision were led through two legs of a triangle and the turn between, then tried to return to the origin. Paths varied in whether experienced legs and turns were small or large (Experiment 1) and in variability of return and outbound course (Experiment 2). Response turn, distance and course were determined. The assumption of immutable encoding functions was not supported; encoding processes were context dependent, although they did not adapt within a block of trials. Although effects of experience could be accounted for by the model, the affected parameters were not always as predicted, and in some cases additional parameters were necessary. Results of manipulating variability in return course were consistent with the model's assumption of object-centered representation.     

锥形复合材料构件的铺丝路径规划与丝数求解

获取构件表面信息是准确规划铺丝路径的前提.针对锥形构件,首先借助曲面上的等参线求解曲率、弧长等信息,进一步分析了曲率对丝宽的约束关系,在此基础上提出了用弧长均分算法规划铺丝路径的方法.规划后的路径满足:(1)有统一的相对固定的铺丝角度;(2)铺丝完成时,丝束"包裹"整个曲面,无堆叠和分离现象.通过飞机前机身形状的建模仿真,验证了该方法的正确实用.     

从飞机总体角度规划试飞工作

随着飞机设计技术难度的加大, 对新机进行飞行试验的工作量和复杂程度也日益提高, 试飞工作涉及的因素也越来越多。如何从飞机设计的总体角度出发, 对飞行试验的各项工作进行规划, 用以影响设计, 提前安排相关工作, 是本文研究的主题。本文将试飞纳入到型号研制的全局中, 从试飞内容、测试改装、试飞样机数量及状态、关键试飞技术、试飞保障、试飞支持等10个方面提出试飞规划内容。     

某型飞机三维运动仿真系统的设计

在3DMAX平台下,利用MAXSCRIPT语言,并结合VC 开发环境开发出某型飞机的三维运动仿真系统。该系统能够自动加载飞机模型以及飞行数据文件,并通过终端输出实时仿真结果,最终可生成视频文件进行保存,从而实现了飞机运动过程的仿真。该系统还可以加载其他飞机模型,具有较大的通用性。以某型飞机一次飞行数据作为测试数据比较,其仿真结果较好。此系统的开发为研究飞机飞行状态与性能提供了比较直观方便的工具。     

基于威胁网的飞行器航迹快速搜索算法

提出了一种基于威胁网的飞行器航迹快速搜索算法。该方法能够在具有未知威胁的飞行环境中在线进行实时航迹规划。首先根据获得的先验信息建立威胁网．其次在建立的威胁网上确定出一条安全走廊，最后在安全走廊的基础上进一步细化从而得到一条最优航迹。当飞行环境中有预先未知威胁出现时．该方法可根据更新后的信息局部修正受影响的航迹来获得新的全局最优航迹。仿真结果表明，该算法能够有效地进行实时规划，获得较满意的航迹。     

Design and Optimization of Press Bend Forming Path for Producing Aircraft Integral Panels with Compound Curvatures

In order to find out the optimal press bend forming path in fabricating aircraft integral panels, this article proposes a new method on the basis of the authors' previous work. It is composed of the finite element method (FEM) equivalent model, the surface curvature analysis, the artificial neural network response surface and the genetic algorithm. The method begins with analyzing the objective's shape curvature to determine the bending position. Then it optimizes the punch travel at each bending position by the following steps: (1) Establish a multi-step press bend forming FEM equivalent model, with which the FEM experiments designed with the Taguchi method are performed. (2) Construct a back-propagation (BP) neural network response surface with the data from the FEM experiments. (3) Use the genetic algorithm to optimize the neural network response surface as the objective function. Finally, this method is verified by press bending a complicated double-curvature grid-type stiffened panel and bears out its effectiveness and intrinsic worth in designing the press bend forming path.     

基于多智能体混合学习的多星协同动态任务规划算法(英文)

针对多星协同动态任务规划问题,以往多采用基于启发式的重规划算法,但是由于启发式策略依赖于具体任务,使得优化性受到影响。注意到协同规划的历史信息对后续协同规划的影响,本文提出了一种基于策略迭代的多智能体强化学习和迁移学习的混合学习算法求解该问题近似最优策略。本文的多智能体强化学习方法利用神经网络描述各颗卫星的强化学习策略,通过协同进化的方法迭代搜索具有最优拓扑结构和连接权重的策略神经网络个体。针对随机出现的观测任务请求导致历史学习策略失效,通过迁移学习将历史学习策略转换为当前初始策略,保证规划质量前提下加快多星协同任务规划速度。仿真实验及分析结果表明本文算法对动态随机出现的任务请求有良好的适应性。     

基于人工势场法的移动机器人最优路径规划

提出一种解决人工势场法目标不可达问题的方法.分析了传统人工势场法中的固有缺陷:目标不可达;在障碍物附近或通过狭小通道时的抖动问题.通过选取适当的增益系数解决了目标不可达问题,使机器人快速到达目标点.用拉紧法去除路径的冗余节点并用极坐标下对称多项式优化出圆滑的最优路径.仿真结果证实了所提方法的正确性和有效性.     

复合材料自动铺带技术研究(Ⅱ)——柱面上沿"自然路径"铺带的压辊坐标生成

根据可展曲面上“自然路径”与测地线等价原理,应用沿弧长展开方法,研究了柱面上“自然路径”轨迹生成、铺带头轨迹坐标和姿态坐标计算模型与方法,讨论了简单边界的处理原则与方法,为实现柱面自动铺带CAD/CAM提供了依据。     

倾斜单孔射流轨迹与速度分布的研究

本文采用实验和数值模拟的方法,在吹风比分别为0．5、1．0、1．5、2．0的情况下,研究了圆柱单孔二次射流的贴壁性及速度分布。通过对比不同截面位置的流动轨迹和速度分布,发现圆柱孔射流流场的速度分布与圆柱扰流流场的类似。射流出口的最大速度并不位于射流孔中心位置,u值也不是在射流孔中心位置最高。