强度自适应智能复合材料结构

提出在复合材料中埋入形状记忆合金丝、光纤阵列组成的强度自适应复合材料结构与系统。提出能够改变结构应力分布的形状记忆合金丝的布置方案;检测复合材料损伤及大应变位置的光纤阵列和神经网络;以及控制激励形状记忆合金丝动作的系统和实验方案。     

Al-4.5％Cu合金的过冷及凝固组织特征

对Ａｌ－４．５％Ｃｕ合金在纯石黑坩埚中用卤盐熔剂净化后的过冷度及其在金属锭模中的凝固组织特征进行了研究。实验结果发现：粘度较大的半固态熔剂对合金的净化作用较强,可使合金在金属锭模中得到６２℃的形核过冷度;金属熔体净化得到的热力学过冷度对合金形核及最终宏观组织的影响明显不同于激冷得到的动力学过冷度对其所产生的影响,在一定过冷度下,晶粒尺寸随热力学过冷度的增大而增大     

Review on anti-loosening methods for threaded fasteners

Threaded fasteners naturally tend to loosen under vibration, impact, or alternating thermal load. Various anti-loosening methods or strategies are widely applied for preventing loosening,including a few anti-loosening designs and anti-loosening structures. In this review, a variety of influencing factors that improved the anti-loosening ability and helped guide the anti-loosening designs of threaded fasteners are summarized. Second, the anti-loosening structures are classified into two categorie...     

航空发动机燃烧室的现状和发展

论述了燃烧室设计中各项技术指标的相互制约,分析了第3、4代发动机燃烧室的技术特点和燃烧室设计及研究方法的新进展.较详细介绍了驻涡（TVC）、富燃-快掺混-贫燃（RQL）、双环腔预混旋流（TAPS）、多喷嘴单元体和陶瓷燃烧室,指出其适用性.主动燃烧控制中更为主要的是出口温度分布系数控制,长远研究应开发快速、灵敏、配置严格的油气管理系统.最后讨论了燃用液氢的可行性.建议应加快CCD与燃烧室目标设计相结合的研发过程.     

展开式月球基地热防护结构方案研究

建设月球基地是人类探测、开发和殖民外太空的第一步,也是最重要的一步。设计了一种新型的展开式月球基地方案,由空间可展开桁架结构与柔性热防护层合薄膜组成。设计了可展开桁架结构的9组拓扑方案和层合薄膜的7组设计方案,进行结构设计方案和强度、刚度与稳态热分析,确定最优的设计方案。针对展开式月球基地的最优设计方案,分析了整体结构性能,包括静力分析、模态分析及3种工况下的稳态热分析。分析结果表明:所设计的最优方案具有较好的结构力学性能和热防护性能,为月球基地的方案选型、结构设计与热防护系统设计提供了技术支持。     

不同增长机制下航空网络自愈特性

结合复杂网络理论,从能量的角度分析了航空网络的功能自愈机理,并研究了航空网络在不同增长机制下的自愈特性。首先,将网络结构划分为自愈结构与耦合结构,并针对航空网络3种增长机制进行了分析和抽象建模;然后,从网络全局角度出发研究了美国航空网络在遭受蓄意攻击造成全网功能瘫痪的情况下,网络功能的恢复鲁棒性和网络增长对网络自愈能力的影响。研究表明,美国航空网络具有较好的恢复鲁棒性,接近80%的机场在受到能量冲击造成的短暂失效后具有功能自愈能力。航空网络不同的增长机制对网络的自愈能力有着不同的影响。结果证实,为完善航空网络而建立的机场群,由于其较大的连接需求,加大了网络区域密度,复杂了网络拓扑结构,降低了网络的自愈能力;而小型机场的增加不会影响网络整体的自愈能力。      

Applications of tuned mass dampers to improve performance of large space mirrors

In order for future imaging spacecraft to meet higher resolution imaging capability, it will be necessary to build large space telescopes with primary mirror diameters that range from 10 m to 20 m and do so with nanometer surface accuracy. Due to launch vehicle mass and volume constraints, these mirrors have to be deployable and lightweight, such as segmented mirrors using active optics to correct mirror surfaces with closed loop control. As a part of this work, system identification tests revealed that dynamic disturbances inherent in a laboratory environment are significant enough to degrade the optical performance of the telescope. Research was performed at the Naval Postgraduate School to identify the vibration modes most affecting the optical performance and evaluate different techniques to increase damping of those modes. Based on this work, tuned mass dampers (TMDs) were selected because of their simplicity in implementation and effectiveness in targeting specific modes. The selected damping mechanism was an eddy current damper where the damping and frequency of the damper could be easily changed. System identification of segments was performed to derive TMD specifications. Several configurations of the damper were evaluated, including the number and placement of TMDs, damping constant, and targeted structural modes. The final configuration consisted of two dampers located at the edge of each segment and resulted in 80% reduction in vibrations. The WFE for the system without dampers was 1.5 waves, with one TMD the WFE was 0.9 waves, and with two TMDs the WFE was 0.25 waves. This paper provides details of some of the work done in this area and includes theoretical predictions for optimum damping which were experimentally verified on a large aperture segmented system.     

Effects of uncertainties and flexible dynamic contributions on the control of a spacecraft full-coupled model

One of the most important problems for performing a good design of the spacecraft attitude control law is connected to its robustness when some uncertainty parameters are present on the inertial and/or on the elastic characteristics of a satellite. These uncertainties are generally intrinsic on the modeling of complex structures and in the case of large flexible structures they can be also attributed to secondary effects associated to the elasticity. One of the most interesting issues in modeling large flexible space structures is associated to the evaluation of the inertia tensor which in general depends not only on the geometric ‘fixed’ characteristic of the satellite but also on its elastic displacements which of course in turn modify the ‘shape’ of the satellite. Usually these terms can be considered of a second order of magnitude if compared with the ones associated to the rigid part of a structure. However the increasing demand on the dimension of satellites due to the presence for instance of very large solar arrays (necessary to generate power) and/or large antennas has the necessity to investigate their effects on their global dynamic behavior in more details as a consequence. In the present paper a methodology based on classical Lagrangian approach coupled with a standard Finite Element tool has been used to derive the full dynamic equations of an orbiting flexible satellite under the actions of gravity, gravity gradient forces and attitude control. A particular attention has been paid to the study of the effects of flexibility on the inertial terms of the spacecraft which, as well known, influence its attitude dynamic behavior. Furthermore the effects of the attitude control authority and its robustness to the uncertainties on inertial and elastic parameters has been investigated and discussed.     

材料加工技术在低碳经济中的应用及发展

介绍了低碳经济形势下的薄坯铸轧、精密成形加工、闪光焊、无模成形、内高压成形以及其他先进成形加工技术,并展望了先进材料加工技术的发展趋势.