两轮升压式空气动压轴承涡轮冷却器起浮压力计算

通过分析两轮升压式空气动压轴承涡轮冷却器的起浮原理,建立了计算起浮压力的方法.按照该方法编制程序计算了某型涡轮冷却器在不同条件下的起浮压力,计算结果与试验实测数据吻合较好,说明计算方法具有较高准确度.通过计算和分析可以看到涡轮出口背压和轴承预紧对轴承起浮影响较大,背压越低则起浮压力越低;轴承预紧力越大则起浮压力越高.      

一种新的民用飞机修理级别优化模型

修理级别分析(LORA)是飞机保障性分析的一个重要内容,是在设计阶段评估维修对飞机成本影响的一种系统分析方法。现有的LORA经济性分析模型对于系统寿命周期的维修费用考虑不够,且不适合民用飞机维修特点,基于此,提出了一个适合民用飞机维修规划三层三级的LORA经济性分析的数学模型,在此基础上,以最小化维修成本为目标建立了维修级别优化模型,并利用免疫粒子群算法超强的多变量、非线性及全局优化能力,对所提出的民机维修级别优化模型进行了求解。最后通过算例的比较分析,说明了本文LORA经济性分析模型的合理性以及模型求解算法的高效性。     

舵叶固定式液压球形关节运动学及性能分析

针对球面运动机构驱动方式问题,提出了一种新型的二自由度液压驱动球面运动关节机构,该机构利用超全周转动马达及舵叶摆动马达作为驱动,采用了滑轨支撑框架位置测量系统,可以实现超全周转动;给出了两驱动马达各自的油路设计方案,在机构的不同部位采取了合理的密封方法;由机构的工作原理推导了正逆运动学方程及速度雅可比矩阵,得出了机构的奇异位形;分析了机构的灵巧度性能指标,通过仿真得到了机构性能较优时的工作空间.该球形关节机构具有结构紧凑、运动精度高、负载大、并且能够实现全方位输出的特点.     

Statistical properties of fatigue damage of Gaussian random loadings

Firstly, the fatigue damages associated with the random loadings were always deemed as high-cycle or very-high-cycle fatigue problems, and based on Chebyshev theorem, the number of rainflow cycles in a given time interval could be recognized as a constant by neglecting its randomness. Secondly, the randomness of fatigue damage induced by the distribution of rainflow cycles was analyzed. According to central limit theorem, the fatigue damage could be assumed to follow Gaussian distribution, and the statistical parameters: mean and variance, were derived from Dirlik's solution. Finally, the proposed method was used to a simulate Gaussian random loading and the measured random loading from an aircraft. Comparisons with observed results were carried out extensively. In the first example, the relative errors of the proposed method are 2.29%, 3.52% and 1.16% for the mean, standard deviation and variation coefficient of fatigue damage, respectively. In the second example, these relative errors are 11.70%, 173.32% and 18.20%, and the larger errors are attributable to non-stationary state of the measured loading to some extent.      

基于整机试车的涡轮叶片高低循环复合疲劳试验技术

针对航空发动机涡轮叶片同时承受高循环载荷和低循环载荷的特征,以小推力涡喷发动机为研究对象,搭建了基于引电器的涡轮叶片动应力测量系统,利用数值模拟和试验测试结合的方法,实现了高度为30mm的涡轮叶片在40000r/min转速、950℃环境温度条件下的动应力测量,并以此为基础发展了整机高低循环复合疲劳试验方法,开展了高压涡轮叶片高低复合疲劳整机试验。研究结果表明,该型发动机转速在34920r/min时,叶片高循环振动应力达到112.7MPa,带来了涡轮叶片的高循环疲劳损伤且是引起涡轮叶片产生裂纹的主要因素,低循环疲劳载荷是导致裂纹扩展的主要因素,两者综合作用会显著影响涡轮叶片寿命。      

一种新型井下架线电机车供电电源设计

提出了一种新型的基于单周期控制的单位功率因数整流器为井下电机车供电。该电源由维也纳整流级和高频隔离DC-DC变换级两级功率变换器级联构成,但控制电路采用一级协调控制。电路控制简单,不需要乘法器和输入电压检测就可以实现单位功率因数运行,且可以降低开关器件一半的电压应力。详细分析了新型整流电路的基本工作原理和双闭环控制策略,并通过仿真和试验对此新型电路拓扑及其相应控制策略的正确性进行了验证。     

GJB 150.3A中高温试验程序剖析(一):GJB 150A/150高温试验程序及其相互关系

文章分两部分就GJB 150.3A《军用装备实验室环境试验方法 第3部分:高温试验》中的高温日循环贮存和日循环工作,高温恒温贮存和恒温工作试验模拟的环境、适用对象及其特点进行详细分析。第一部分着重介绍GJB 150.3A的各试验程序及其与GJB 150.3和MIL-STD-810C中各试验程序的关系;第二部分对GJB 150.3A提供的自然和诱发的温度日循环数据作为贮存或工作试验条件可应用于哪类设备进行说明,并对目前GJB 150.3A在型号工程应用中一些疑问、误解和问题进行分析和说明。     

火箭基组合循环发动机性能迭代算法研究

火箭基组合循环(简称RBCC)发动机性能分析模型的研究对于RBCC发动机结构的优化设计具有重要意义。本文结合RBCC发动机的结构特点和工作原理建立了RBCC发动机性能分析模型,并对RBCC发动机性能计算方法进行了研究。结合RBCC发动机引射模态和亚燃冲压模态的工作特点,通过迭代计算使进气道、混合段、燃烧室之间的参数耦合,实现了对RBCC发动机引射模态与亚燃冲压模态性能的快速分析。文章通过算例验证了算法的可行性,并通过与文献结果的对比验证了计算结果的可信度。     

Stress-controlled LCF experiments and ratcheting behaviour simulation of a nickel-based single crystal superalloy with [001] orientation

Uniaxial ratcheting behaviour and low cycle fatigue (LCF) failure mechanism of nickel-based single crystal superalloy DD6 with [001] orientation are investigated through the stress-controlled LCF tests with stress ratio of −1. Then the deformation behaviour during the whole-lifetime from the beginning of the experiment to the fracture of the specimen, as well as the fractographic/metallographic morphology, are compared with the strain-controlled LCF experimental results. Through the scanning electron microscope (SEM) observations, it is shown that the failure characteristics under stress-controlled LCF loading are similar with those under strain-controlled loading. Nevertheless, unlike strain-controlled LCF loading, even under fully reversed cycle loading for stress-controlled LCF, DD6 shows significant ratcheting behaviour due to the tension-compression asymmetry. In addition, the LCF lifetimes under stress control are significantly shorter than the LCF lifetimes under strain control, and the culprit might be the detrimental effect of ratcheting strain on LCF lifetime. Based on these phenomena, an improved crystal plasticity constitutive model on the basis of slip-based Walker constitutive model is developed through modifying the kinematic hardening rule in order to overcome the inaccurate prediction of decelerating stage and stable stage of ratcheting behaviour. Furthermore, combining the continuum damage mechanics, a damage-coupled crystal plasticity constitutive model is proposed to reflect the damage behaviour of DD6 and the accelerating stage of ratcheting behaviour. The simulation results for the stress-controlled LCF deformation behaviour including the whole-lifetime ratcheting behaviour show good agreement with the experimental data.