天基成像跟踪关键技术研究

介绍了天基成像跟踪的工作原理,对成像跟踪关键技术进行了研究.提出利用激光成像目标反演技术进行目标识别跟踪,并分析了星上可见光红外扫描探测技术.最后提出天基平台复合轴跟踪系统可以采用两种设计方法,并介绍了特殊环境下的视轴稳定技术,为天基成像跟踪平台的设计提供参考.     

硅橡胶基防热涂层动态烧蚀行为及机理研究

针对两种典型硅橡胶基防热涂层开展高温燃气流烧蚀实验，通过对烧蚀后涂层的宏观及微观形貌分析，探讨了其防隔热机理及烧蚀模型。研究结果表明：烧蚀后两种涂层均存在液态层、陶瓷层、热解层以及原始层；烧蚀过程中甲基苯基硅橡胶涂层主要发生主链“回咬”成环反应，导致树脂基体交联密度降低，力学性能下降，涂层外表面发生开裂，甲基乙烯基硅橡胶涂层则主要发生侧基交联反应，使树脂基体交联密度上升，促进涂层发生陶瓷化转变；热辐射、热容吸热、热解反应吸热以及热阻塞效应为四种主要的热耗散机制，质量损失产生的原因主要包括反应气体释放以及气动剪切力导致的机械剥蚀。     

Nonlinear aeroelastic analysis of the folding fin with freeplay under thermal environment

The nonlinear aeroelastic behavior of a folding fin in supersonic flow is investigated in this paper. The finite element model of the fin is established and the deployable hinges are represented by three torsion springs with the freeplay nonlinearity. The aerodynamic grid point is assumed to be at the center of each aerodynamic box for simplicity. The aerodynamic governing equation is given by using the infinite plate spline method and the modified linear piston theory. An improved fixed-interface modal synthesis method, which can reduce the rigid connections at the interface, is developed to save the problem size and computation time. The uniform temperature field is applied to create the thermal environment. For the linear flutter analyses, the flutter speed increases first and then decreases with the rise of the hinge stiffness due to the change of the flutter coupling mechanism. For the nonlinear analyses, a larger freeplay angle results in a higher vibration divergent speed. Two different types of limit cycle oscillations and a multiperiodic motion are observed in the wide range of airspeed under the linear flutter boundary. The linear flutter speed shows a slight descend in the thermal environment, but the effect of the temperature on the vibration divergent speed is different under different hinge stiffnesses when there exists freeplay.     

航空电气电弧、短路危害及保护研究

航空电气电弧、短路可能会导致难以挽回的损失,研究航空电气电弧、短路的危害及其保护措施具有 重要意义。通过试验室搭建民用飞机典型的115V/400Hz三相交流电气线路,选取金属导体作为多余物,采 用试验法对飞机电气电弧、短路故障现象进行研究,验证和分析传统热断路器的工作特性,确认电气电弧、短路 故障对电气线路和设备产生的危害程度;同时,分析三种更好的电气电弧、短路保护方法。结果表明:传统热断 路器仅对短路故障具有保护作用,对电气电弧不能产生保护作用;三种新的保护方法电弧检测和保护时间过 长,电弧已对导线和设备产品造成不可恢复的损坏。     

SiC/Al复合丝的耐蚀性和高温稳定性研究

本研究结果表明,SiC/L_6和SiC/LF_6复合丝在真空中加热至600℃和在空气中400℃暴露144小时,以及在蒸馏水和5%NaCl水溶液中浸泡15天后,其强度保留率大于87%,证明SiC/Al复合丝具有良好的耐蚀性和高温稳定性,用气相层析仪和发射光谱分析了腐蚀气体、溶液和白色沉淀,初步确定其反应机理是电化学腐蚀。与C/Al复合丝相比,SiC/Al腐蚀速度缓慢,纤维—基体界面损伤极小。     

航天器太阳电池阵热真空试验技术

文章叙述了进行太阳电池阵热真空试验的重要性、一般要求及相关的主要试验技术.     

低热层臭氧含量振荡和温度起伏间的耦合关系

本文求出了声重波传播过程中,低热层臭氧含量振荡和温度场起伏间的耦合关系。首次揭示出其正负相关性的内在原因和判据——动力扰动尺度。在中小尺度声重波扰动范围内,臭氧含量振荡与温度场起伏是正相关的,且相关幅度可达或超过7;而在大尺度或行星尺度波范围内,则一般为负相关。此发现可解释低热层中臭氧含量快速变化及臭氧含量长时间纬圈平均值变化与温度场成负相关的观测事实。本文还在声重波尺度范围内比较了线性和非线性理论的结果,结果表明两者没有太大的差异。     

A thermal activation based constitutive model for the dynamic deformation of AA5083 processed by large-scale equal-channel angular pressing

Aluminum alloy 5083 (AA5083) processed by large-scale Equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) is an excellent engineering material with great prospects for industrial applications. An accurate assessment of the underlying constitutive relationships with easily determined material constants is critical for the predictive design and informed processing of such structural materials. To develop such a design framework, uniaxial dynamic compressive tests over a wide range of temperatures (293–573 K) were carried out for an ECAP-processed AA5083 alloy. Additionally, the microstructure before and after dynamic loading was characterized by SEM and TEM. Based on the experimental results, a new dynamic constitutive model, based on thermal activation theory, was established to describe the plastic flow behavior of the AA5083 alloy that incorporates the effects of plastic strain, temperature, and strain rate. The input parameters of the new model were determined using a particle swarm optimization (PSO) method. The model predictions show excellent agreement with experimental results, which suggests that the current predictive constitutive model is highly effective in reproducing the dynamic deformation behavior of the large-scale ECAP-processed AA5083.     

Design and experimental performance verification of a thermal property test-bed for lunar drilling exploration

Chinese Chang'e lunar exploration project aims to collect and return subsurface lunar soil samples at a minimum penetration depth of 2 m in 2017. However, in contrast to those on the Earth, automated drilling and sampling missions on the Moon raise the risk of burning bits.Test-beds are required for testing the thermal properties of drill tools in a lunar environment. In this paper, a novel temperature measuring method based on thermocouples and a slip ring was proposed. Furthermore, a data acquisition system for a drilling process was designed. A vacuous,cryogenic, and anhydrous soil environment simulating the lunar surface was established. A drilling test-bed that can reach a depth of 2.2 m was developed. A control strategy based on online monitoring signals was proposed to improve the drilling performance. Vacuum and non-vacuum experiments were performed to test the temperature rising effect on drill tools. When compared with the non-vacuum experiment, the vacuum temperature rise resulted in a 12 °C increase. These experimental results provide significant support for Chinese lunar exploration missions.     

复合材料模具技术

复合材料模具以其热膨胀系数小、质量轻、热容小等优点在国外航空航天领域应用广泛并且形成产业.分析了该技术的优缺点,研究了复合材料模具制造工艺的关键问题,总结了复合材料模具技术的发展动向.