三层壁喷管的不稳定导热

文章介绍了固体火箭发动机三层壁喷管的不稳定导热的计算方法,导出壁面温度分布规律和各层壁温的计算公式,并指出工作时间与内表面壁温和影响喷管烧蚀的关系。     

树脂基碳纤维复合材料的热物理性能之一——导热系数

本文讨论了树脂基碳纤维复合材料热导与各种纤维体积含量V_f及温度的关系,研究了树脂基碳纤维复合材料的传热机理,并给出了大量的导热系数数据。     

液体火箭发动机层板式预燃室液氧发汗冷却热控制

讨论了富氧预燃室液氧发汗冷却的分析计算方法。发汗流对燃气热流的阻隔分析采用Ｂａｒｔｌｅ－Ｌｅａｄｏｎ修正方法来完成,室壁温度分布和热穿透深度应用结构层板与发汗流存在温差的传热模型获得。讨论了发汗流压降和控制流道长度对预燃室壁温的控制作用。     

低太阳吸收率αs,高发射率ε有机硅热控涂层进展

本文总结了有机硅热控涂层的设计原理及其紫外真空降解原因,评述了涂层的国内外进展.     

Al2O3—Ti系梯度功能材料的优化设计

对Ａｌ３Ｏ３－Ｔｉ系梯度功能材料在制备过程中产生的残余热应力进行了弹性有限元法分析。讨论了梯度层数目,梯度层厚度和成分梯度指数对应力大小和分布的影响,优化出了各项最佳参数。非线度功能材料与优化后的梯度功能材料的残余热应力对比结果显示;梯度功能材料缓和热应力的效果十分显著。     

飞秒激光激励闪锌矿晶体产生太赫兹辐射的数学分析

基于飞秒激光激励闪锌矿晶体的太赫兹源实现方法较为简单,已有研究证明发射效率与晶体晶向选择,飞秒激光入射角以及偏振态相关,文章通过详细的理论分析与数学计算,讨论了正入射以及斜入射情况下太赫兹辐射最优化条件,获得了明确的飞秒激光入射角、偏振态、晶体晶向的选择依据,对提高太赫兹输出效率具有重要的指导意义。     

供油瞬态喷油杆内燃油结焦机理及规律数值研究

为获得喷油杆通断循环供油工作模式下,供油瞬间燃油结焦速率陡增机理,本文建立起沿喷杆轴向的一维非稳态热-流-固耦合换热与燃油结焦计算模型。获得不同时刻壁温、油温与结焦速率等参数轴向分布。通过与连续供油模式下的结果进行对比,来分析供油瞬间灼热喷杆内壁对燃油热冲击的影响,以获得结焦速率陡增机理。结果表明通断供油模式下,供油瞬间会迅速形成一尖锐的油温和结焦前体浓度峰值,结焦固相表面反应被迅速激发,结焦速率陡增。在喷杆前端（x=100mm）与底部（x=260mm）附近各存在一结焦速率峰值区域。通断供油模式下,在x=100mm和x=260mm位置处,每个周期供油起始时刻结焦速率峰值分别在5000μg/cm2h和2000μg/cm2h左右,远大于连续供油下的值。但供油结束时刻,供油模式的影响大幅下降。此外通断供油下,供油瞬间热冲击对燃油结焦的影响沿喷杆轴向逐渐减小。减小喷杆供油流量,热冲击的影响有所下降,且随时间先升高后降低。提高进口油温,热冲击的影响显著减小,且随供油时间逐渐降低。     

ZnO/SBA-15无机热控涂层填料及涂层性能

开展高紫外-可见-近红外反射能力热控填料的制备,研制新型低吸收比(α_S)高发射率(ε_H)无机热控涂层。以自制SBA-15和ZnO前驱体为原料通过溶剂热浸渍和高温煅烧法制备ZnO/SBA-15填料,然后与硅酸钾(K_2SiO_3)制备无机热控涂层;采用SAXD、XRD、SEM、太阳反射光谱分析填料和涂层的性能。结果显示采用硝酸锌作为前驱体、m(ZnO)∶m(SBA-15)=3∶7、950℃下烧结3 h可以得到高紫外-可见-近红外反射能力的填料;ZnO/SBA-15/K_2SiO_3无机涂层的α_S为0.09,ε_H为0.91,涂层结合力等级为1级,经过100次-196～100℃热循环实验后,涂层无脱落和开裂现象。SBA-15改性ZnO可以获得具有高紫外反射率和低α_S的热控填料,ZnO/SBA-15填料制备的无机热控涂层同样具备高紫外反射率、低α_S和高ε_H,可以满足航天器高效散热的需求,应用前景良好。     

Detection of aerosol pollution sources during sandstorms in Northwestern China using remote sensed and model simulated data

The present paper has used a comprehensive approach to study atmosphere pollution sources including the study of vertical distribution characteristics, the epicenters of occurrence and transport of atmospheric aerosol in North-West China under intensive dust storm registered in all cities of the region in April 2014. To achieve this goal, the remote sensing data using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer satellite (MODIS) as well as model-simulated data, were used, which facilitate tracking the sources, routes, and spatial extent of dust storms. The results of the study have shown strong territory pollution with aerosol during sandstorm. According to ground-based air quality monitoring stations data, concentrations of PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 exceeded 400?μg/m³ and 150?μg/m³, respectively, the ratio PM_2.5/PM₁₀ being within the range of 0.123–0.661. According to MODIS/Terra Collection 6 Level-2 aerosol products data and the Deep Blue algorithm data, the aerosol optical depth (AOD) at 550?nm in the pollution epicenter was within 0.75–1. The vertical distribution of aerosols indicates that the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) 532?nm total attenuates backscatter coefficient ranges from 0.01 to 0.0001?km^?1?×?sr^?1 with the distribution of the main types of aerosols in the troposphere of the region within 0–12.5?km, where the most severe aerosol contamination is observed in the lower troposphere (at 3–6?km). According to satellite sounding and model-simulated data, the sources of pollution are the deserted regions of Northern and Northwestern China.