高超声速流动壁面催化复合气动加热特性

针对高超声速流动壁面催化特性,计算了不同壁面催化复合系数条件下的球锥驻点热环境。引入了经验证的数值求解Navier Stokes方程的方法,在不同壁温500K～2500K的条件下分别分析了O 2和N 2气体在壁面处的催化复合气动加热特性,得到如下结论：（1） 原子复合放热将提高近壁面温度梯度,改变近壁面组分分布;原子复合放热一部分加热飞行器形成组分扩散热流,一部分加热近壁气体提高近壁温度梯度。（2） 在壁面催化复合系数较小时,原子复合放热主要转化为组分扩散加热,对于不同壁面温度,壁面催化复合系数α<0.1时,单一气体反应组分扩散热流小于总热流的20%。     

载人飞船密封舱漏热问题研究

密封舱漏热是载人飞船热控系统设计中必须考虑的一个关键因素,是影响飞船热平衡和舱内温度的一项重要参数。建立了求解密封舱漏热的热物理模型,分析了各种参数对密封舱漏热的影响。结果表明：（1） 在一定温度范围内,密封舱漏热与舱内空气温度近似呈线性关系;（2） 返回舱漏热高于轨道舱,主要原因是导热热阻的基数偏小;（3） 漏热随外热流增大而减小,返回舱漏热波动较大,调节其热控涂层的α_S和ε_h值将导致返回舱漏热和漏热波动出现相反变化,为同时减小漏热和漏热波动,推荐采用较低α_S和ε_h 值的热控涂层;（4） 返回舱漏热受舱内壁对流换热系数影响较大,特别在2W/(m^2·K)附近。
     

基于TLBM-FVM耦合的飞行器舱内热环境跨尺度预测方法

舱内热环境的有效预测是优化飞行器热控与防热设计、减小系统冗余并保障飞行器热安全的重要基础。在国家数值风洞（NNW）工程支持下,针对目前舱内热环境多尺度、多机制复合传热特点及其数值预测面临的精度与效率提升难题,发展了多区域协同推进的时空耦合模型及流/固界面的自适应分辨率识别算法,建立了基于热格子Boltzmann方法（TLBM）与有限体积法（FVM）相互耦合的舱内复合传热跨尺度预测方法,开展了典型飞行器仪器舱的综合热分析,验证了耦合方法的计算精度及效率。研究表明,相关方法可实现舱内热环境的局部精细化与整体大规模的协同模拟,用于开展整体自然对流与设备局部热量传递的多尺度数值模拟,掌握不同环境参数对舱内热质传递过程的影响规律,从而为飞行器热防护/热管理一体化设计提供重要技术支撑。     

Thermal and TEC anomalies detection using an intelligent hybrid system around the time of the Saravan,Iran, (Mw = 7.7) earthquake of 16 April 2013

A powerful earthquake of M_w = 7.7 struck the Saravan region (28.107° N, 62.053° E) in Iran on 16 April 2013. Up to now nomination of an automated anomaly detection method in a non linear time series of earthquake precursor has been an attractive and challenging task. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) have revealed strong potentials in accurate time series prediction. This paper presents the first study of an integration of ANN and PSO method in the research of earthquake precursors to detect the unusual variations of the thermal and total electron content (TEC) seismo-ionospheric anomalies induced by the strong earthquake of Saravan. In this study, to overcome the stagnation in local minimum during the ANN training, PSO as an optimization method is used instead of traditional algorithms for training the ANN method. The proposed hybrid method detected a considerable number of anomalies 4 and 8 days preceding the earthquake. Since, in this case study, ionospheric TEC anomalies induced by seismic activity is confused with background fluctuations due to solar activity, a multi-resolution time series processing technique based on wavelet transform has been applied on TEC signal variations. In view of the fact that the accordance in the final results deduced from some robust methods is a convincing indication for the efficiency of the method, therefore the detected thermal and TEC anomalies using the ANN + PSO method were compared to the results with regard to the observed anomalies by implementing the mean, median, Wavelet, Kalman filter, Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA), Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Genetic Algorithm (GA) methods. The results indicate that the ANN + PSO method is quite promising and deserves serious attention as a new tool for thermal and TEC seismo anomalies detection.     

A comparison of different regression models for downscaling Landsat and MODIS land surface temperature images over heterogeneous landscape

Remotely sensed high spatial resolution thermal images are required for various applications in natural resource management. At present, availability of high spatial resolution (<200 m) thermal images are limited. The temporal resolution of such images is also low. Whereas, coarser spatial resolution (∼1000 m) thermal images with high revisiting capability (∼1 day) are freely available. To bridge this gap, present study attempts to downscale coarser spatial resolution thermal image to finer spatial resolution using relationships between land surface temperature (LST) and vegetation indices over a heterogeneous landscape of India. Five regression based models namely (i) Disaggregation of Radiometric Temperature (DisTrad), (ii) Temperature Sharpening (TsHARP), (iii) TsHARP with local variant, (iv) Least median square regression downscaling (LMS_DS) and (v) Pace regression downscaling (PR_DS) are applied to downscale LST of Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) and Terra MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) images. All the five models are first evaluated on Landsat image aggregated to 960 m resolution and downscaled to 480 m and 240 m resolution. The downscale accuracy is achieved using LMS_DS and PR_DS models at 240 m resolution at 0.61 °C and 0.75 °C respectively. MODIS data downscaled from 1000 m to 250 m spatial resolution results root mean square error (RMSE) of 1.43 °C and 1.62 °C for LMS_DS and PR_DS models, respectively. The LMS_DS model is less sensitive to outliers in heterogeneous landscape and provides higher accuracy when compared to other models. Downscaling model is found to be suitable for agricultural and vegetated landscapes up to a spatial resolution of 250 m but not applicable to water bodies, dry river bed sand sandy open areas.     

Surface latent heat flux anomalies quasi-synchronous with ionospheric disturbances before the 2007 Pu’er earthquake in China

One of various mechanisms of pre-earthquake lithosphere–atmosphere–ionosphere coupling as possible explanation of the seismo-ionospheric effects is connected with the release of latent heat. Abnormal variations of ionospheric electromagnetic parameters possibly related to the 2007 Ms 6.4 Pu’er earthquake in China were reported. This paper attempts to examine whether there were abnormal changes of surface latent heat flux (SLHF) linked with this pre-earthquake ionospheric disturbances. The spatio-temporal statistical analyzes of multi-years SLHF data from USA NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis Project reveal that local SLHF enhancements appeared 11, 10 and 7 days before the Pu’er earthquake, respectively. As contrasted to the formerly reported local ionospheric Ne enhancement 9 days before the shock observed by DEMETER satellite, it is discovered that the SLHF and Ne anomalies are quasi-synchronous and have good spatial correspondence with the epicentre and the local active faults. This is valuable for understanding the seismogenic coupling processes and for recognizing earthquake anomaly with multiple parameters from integrated Earth observation system.     

星载铷钟组件的热设计与热仿真

为保证在相应运行环境下星载铷钟的可靠性,对其关键组件热支撑结构、大功率器件分布等方面进行了热设计,并利用ANSYS进行了仿真分析。通过热设计和热仿真分析,避免了热流密度迅速升高,确保了大功率器件可以在正常的工作范围内工作,实现了整机的热可靠性。     

空间站热收集方式的气压适应性研究

热管理系统是保障空间站正常运行的关键系统,其热量收集通常涉及多种传热方式。 空间站舱内气压下降将削弱空气的对流换热能力,从而造成热收集方式的气压适应性差异。 分析了这种差异及其对空间站热管理的影响。设计了两种针对密封舱的热量收集方式,第 一种单纯用空气强制对流,第二种通过在密封舱内加装冷板,同时采用强制对流、导热和辐 射进行热量收集。首先利用简化的密封舱换热模型给出了描述两种热量收集方式气压适应性 的分析解,然后利用集成全局热数学模型分析给出了热管理系统采用这两种热量收集方式时 压力下降对空间站温度控制的影响。结果表明,当热管理系统以空气对流为主进行热 量收集时,气压下降可能导致舱内温度大幅升高;当同时采用导热、辐射及对流等多种途径 收集热量时,热管理系统的气压适应性较强,有利于空间站的稳定运行。
     

Zernike多项式拟合用于低温光学镜头热集成分析

文章介绍了Zernike多项式的特点以及多项式拟合在低温光学中的应用,通过对某低温光学镜头的热集成分析,阐述了Zernike多项式拟合在热集成分析中的重要性以及热变形对低温光学系统的影响。