卫星结构板涂装无机热控涂层工艺

对卫星结构板涂装无机白漆热控涂层工艺进行研究,考察了涂装前打磨工艺对结构板强度、涂层结合力的影响,并研究了较低温烘烤固化对涂装后无机白漆涂层外观、厚度、热辐射性能等的影响。结果表明:采用80#砂纸纵横交错打磨2～3遍能够满足无机涂层在结构板表面的附着力,且对0. 3 mm厚蒙皮结构板强度无影响,强度指标仍满足薄壁蜂窝夹层强度的要求。采用85℃/12 h的较低温烘烤工艺能够满足涂层外观、厚度、热辐射性能等各项指标要求。     

Six sigma robust design optimization for thermal protection system of hypersonic vehicles based on successive response surface method

Lightweight design is important for the Thermal Protection System(TPS) of hypersonic vehicles in that it protects the inner structure from severe heating environment. However, due to the existence of uncertainties in material properties and geometry, it is imperative to incorporate uncertainty analysis into the design optimization to obtain reliable results. In this paper, a six sigma robust design optimization based on Successive Response Surface Method(SRSM) is established for the TPS to improve the reliability and robustness with considering the uncertainties. The uncertain parameters related to material properties and thicknesses of insulation layers are considered and characterized by random variables following normal distributions. By employing SRSM, the values of objective function and constraints are approximated by the response surfaces to reduce computational cost. The optimization is an iterative process with response surfaces updating to find the true optimal solution. The optimization of the nose cone of hypersonic vehicle cabin is provided as an example to illustrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.     

纳米复合镍粉雷达吸波涂层研究

采用机械化学法将纳米SiC包覆在镍粉表面制备复合吸波材料,将该材料喷涂在基体上制备吸波涂层,并研究了SiC在复合材料中的含量变化对涂层吸波性能的影响.研究表明,SiC含量为10%时,纳米复合涂层的吸波性能最佳.与镍粉吸波涂层相比,该纳米复合涂层中频段的吸波性能明显提高,发射率小于-5 dB的带宽由7 GHz增加到10.4 GHz,涂层最高吸收值达到-23.4 dB.     

水冲压发动机的热力循环性能预示

针对采用二次进水机制的水冲压发动机,基于特殊的工作方式初步建立了相应的热力循环模型,进而在不同的发动机工况下分析了循环热效率性能。选定水反应金属燃料基础配方为Mg/AP/HTPB的混合物,在不同组分配方条件下,相应发动机热力循环效率随各影响参数的变化规律一致,均随燃烧室压强和水反应金属燃料中金属含量的增加而呈增加趋势,相反,水燃比的增加会引起热效率的降低。特别地,给定一合理水燃比3.0,保持燃烧室压强和航行器航深分别为2.5 MPa和10 m,50%和60%镁含量的水反应金属燃料对应发动机的循环热效率分别为37.78%和44.38%,初步验证了基于联合循环的水冲压发动机良好的循环性能。     

低功率激光-TIG电弧复合焊接不锈钢熔深研究

建立了一套低功率YAG脉冲激光-TIG电弧复合热源焊接系统,并用本系统对不锈钢1Cr18Ni9Ti进行焊接.研究了3种热源作用下不锈钢的焊缝熔深.通过引入焊缝有效热输入概念,对复合热源影响熔深的机理进行了分析.     

Ti6Al4V合金微弧氧化陶瓷膜的组织结构研究

采用微弧氧化技术在钛合金表面成功制备出膜厚约100μm的致密陶瓷膜以提高钛合金的耐磨性.SEM结果表明,陶瓷膜完整连续,与基体呈犬牙状牢固结合.XRD衍射结果表明:陶瓷膜主要由金红石型二氧化钛和Al2TiO4晶体相组成.显微硬度结果表明钛合金微弧氧化陶瓷膜的显微硬度为862HV而基体合金硬度仅为412HV,陶瓷膜的硬度远远高于基体合金的显微硬度.摩擦磨损试验表明,镀膜的钛合金磨损量远小于不镀膜钛合金的磨损量,陶瓷膜能提高基体的摩擦磨损性能.     

钛表面阴极微弧沉积氧化铝涂层的组织结构及其性能研究

以Al(NO3)3乙醇溶液为电解液,利用阴极微弧电沉积技术在纯钛表面制备了较厚的氧化铝涂层.分析了涂层的形貌、成分和相组成,测试了涂层的抗高温氧化、电化学腐蚀及抗热震性能,并探讨了阴极微弧沉积氧化铝涂层的机理.涂层由γ-Al2O3和少量的α-Al2O3组成.涂层中含有少量的钛元素,表明涂层/钛界面附近的钛基体在微弧放电作用下也参与氧化铝涂层的沉积和烧结过程.涂层经过100次(700 ℃水淬)热循环后仍与钛基体结合良好.700 ℃恒温氧化结果表明,具有氧化铝涂层的钛氧化速率降低了4倍.     

An equivalent ground thermal test method for single-phase fluid loop space radiator

Thermal vacuum test is widely used for the ground validation of spacecraft thermal control system. However, the conduction and convection can be simulated in normal ground pressure environment completely. By the employment of pumped fluid loops’ thermal control technology on spacecraft, conduction and convection become the main heat transfer behavior between radiator and inside cabin. As long as the heat transfer behavior between radiator and outer space can be equivalently simulated in normal pressure, the thermal vacuum test can be substituted by the normal ground pressure thermal test. In this paper, an equivalent normal pressure thermal test method for the spacecraft single-phase fluid loop radiator is proposed. The heat radiation between radiator and outer space has been equivalently simulated by combination of a group of refrigerators and thermal electrical cooler(TEC) array. By adjusting the heat rejection of each device, the relationship between heat flux and surface temperature of the radiator can be maintained. To verify this method,a validating system has been built up and the experiments have been carried out. The results indicate that the proposed equivalent ground thermal test method can simulate the heat rejection performance of radiator correctly and the temperature error between in-orbit theory value and experiment result of the radiator is less than 0.5 C, except for the equipment startup period. This provides a potential method for the thermal test of space systems especially for extra-large spacecraft which employs single-phase fluid loop radiator as thermal control approach.     

湿热对PI/ MoS2 涂层性能的影响

对钛合金表面的PI/Mo S2涂层进行了湿热老化试验,在70℃、98%RH条件下存储长达27 d。采用衰减全反射红外光谱和透射红外光谱分别对涂层表面及涂层进行分析测试,利用X射线光电子能谱对涂层表面成分进行分析。通过球盘摩擦试验机考察了湿热老化对润滑涂层的真空及大气摩擦性能的影响。采用拉脱法测试了湿热老化前后涂层附着力。结果表明,湿热会导致PI/Mo S2润滑涂层表面的胶黏剂聚酰亚胺被水解侵蚀,膜层表面深度在50 nm以内的部分Mo S2被氧化。湿热试验前后涂层的真空耐磨寿命降低13%,大气耐磨寿命降低16%;真空摩擦因数略有增加且波动增大,而大气摩擦因数显著增加,涂层附着强度也略显降低。     

航空表面涂层技术的应用与发展

航空表面涂层技术是航空制造技术的重要组成部分,涂层材料与涂层制造技术创新对提高航空零部件产品性能、降低能源消耗、提升产品可靠性及服役寿命具有重要意义.主要对涉及航空工业领域热障涂层、复合材料表面环境障涂层、高温可磨耗封严涂层及纳米涂层技术的应用现状与研究进展进行了阐述.