一种基于自测试的卫星快检技术研究

传统卫星设计以功能实现为主，可测试性较低，卫星综合测试基本依赖遥测遥控，测试周期长、效率低、成本高，不能很好地适应未来卫星批量化研制需求。参考民用汽车快速电检技术，从卫星可测试性与自测试设计出发，设计了基于总线调度的卫星快检系统，提高了卫星快速检修与快速发射能力，满足未来卫星低成本高效率研制需求。     

复合舵机本体精密加工技术

复合舵机是控制系统中重要的执行部件，在航空航天等领域有着广泛的应用。针对行业内复合舵机本体工艺流程冗长、数控化程度低、生产效率低等问题，开展了本体新工艺的研制。在分析复合舵机本体结构特点和加工难点的基础上，采用了数控加工与精密研磨相结合的加工方法，设计了加工工艺流程和专用装夹工装，配置了本体活塞孔精密研磨所需研磨膏，通过试验验证了工艺流程的可行性。工艺验证结果表明，本体活塞孔圆柱度不大于0.002mm，表面粗糙度在Ra0.05μm以下，在内窥镜下观察无可见划痕。自配研磨膏在研磨加工中使用效果显著，所设计工艺流程合理可行。     

New educational tools to encourage high-school students' activity in stem

Many students have to choose their future profession during their last years in the high school and therefore to choose a university where they will get proper education. That choice may define their professional life for many years ahead or probably for the rest of their lives.Bauman Moscow State Technical University conducts various events to introduce future professions to high-school students. Such activity helps them to pick specialization in line with their interests and motivates them to study key scientific subjects.The paper focuses on newly developed educational tools to encourage high school students’ interest in STEM disciplines. These tools include laboratory courses developed in the fields of physics, information technologies and mathematics. More than 2000 high school students already participated in these experimental courses. These activities are aimed at increasing the quality of STEM disciplines learning which will result in higher quality of training of future engineers.     

采用MSCMG群的卫星平台敏捷机动控制地面闭环试验验证

针对新型惯性执行机构磁悬浮控制力矩陀螺(Magnetically suspended control moment gyro, MSCMG),基于金字塔构型开展卫星平台敏捷机动控制地面闭环试验研究,以验证MSCMG的姿态控制性能。首先基于MSCMG搭建卫星平台控制地面试验系统,建立数学模型;接着针对气浮台外界扰动抑制及大角度敏捷机动控制问题,基于变参数滑模控制设计姿态控制算法,采用鲁棒伪逆方法进行MSCMG群框架角速度分配;并针对MSCMG的特性对框架角速度和角加速度进行了限幅,开展闭环控制试验研究。试验结果表明,采用MSCMG进行气浮台姿态稳定控制实验,可以实现姿态稳定度优于5×10~(-4)(°)/s,且在实现30°/15 s的机动指标时,MSCMG框架角速度具有良好的跟踪性能,且磁悬浮转子在输出大力矩时仍然保持稳定悬浮,具有较强的鲁棒性。通过地面闭环试验验证了MSCMG作为姿控执行机构的优异性能,为其未来进一步应用研究奠定基础。     

Simulation study of motion of charged particles trapped in Earth’s magnetosphere

This article aims to understand the motion of the charged particles trapped in the Earth’s inner magnetosphere. The emphasis is on identifying the numerical scheme, which is appropriate to characterize the trajectories of the charged particles of different energies that enter the Earth’s magnetosphere and get trap along the magnetic field lines. These particles perform three different periodic motions, namely: gyration, bounce, and azimuthal drift. However, often, the gyration of the particle is ignored, and only the guiding center of the particle is traced to reduce the computational time. It is because the simulation of all three motions (gyro, bounce, and drift) together needed a robust numerical scheme, which has less numerical dissipation. We have developed a three-dimensional test particle simulation model in which the relativistic equation of motion is solved numerically using the fourth and sixth-order Runge-Kutta methods. The stability of the simulation model is verified by checking the conservation of total kinetic energy and adiabatic invariants linked with each type of motion. We found that the sixth-order Runge-Kutta method is suitable to trace the complete trajectories of both proton and electron of a wide energy range, 5 keV to 250 MeV for L = 2 – 6. We have estimated the bounce and drift periods from the simulations, and they are found to be in good agreement with the theory. The study implies that a simulation model with sixth-order Runge-Kutta method can be applied to the time-vary, non-analytical form of magnetic configuration in future studies to understand the dynamics of charged particles trapped in Earth’s magnetosphere.     

从自由试验提取边界具有弹性支承的约束结构模态

作者曾对“从自由试验提取约束结构模态”所提出的动柔度法，仅适用于刚性支承情况。在工程中，弹性支承状态是常见的，为此，本文重新建立了这一情况下，约束结构试验模态的提取方法。该方法具有普遍性，因为当支承刚度很大时，由本文方法可得到刚性支承下的结果；当支承刚度很小时，便可获得工程中用橡皮绳悬吊结构后所测得的自由－自由试验模态；当支承刚度为零时，本方法可提取到纯粹的自由－自由模态。总之，当支承刚度为任何值时，本方法都能提取到相应约束结构的满意试验模态参数。这些表明本文算法是非常的稳定，这一点对于工程应用是至关重要的。     

PC机与数控机床CNC系统通讯

介绍通用微型机与数控机床ＣＮＣ系统之间通讯的具体实现方法，完成数控加工程序的直接输入／输出。实践表明该方法具有理想的应用效果。     

近地点变轨固体火箭发动机平衡试验

对长二捆近地点变轨固体火箭发动机动平衡用校验转子、工装、空载／满载发动机、卸载／不卸载发动机以及有无喷管发动机等各种状态下动平衡参数进行了试验研究，并对其动平衡在数进行了理论计算。     

不同海拔下压燃式航空活塞发动机的燃烧与排放特性

研究压燃式航空活塞发动机在不同海拔高度下的燃烧与排放特性,将有利于进一步优化通航飞行器的动力推进系统。通过发动机大气压力模拟试验台架,在3个不同海拔高度（10,1000,1920m）进行压燃式航空活塞发动机的燃烧与排放试验,获得了发动机的燃烧和排放污染物与海拔高度的变化规律。试验结果表明：随着海拔高度的上升,大气压力减小,航空发动机的进气质量流量降幅明显,过量空气系数和有效热效率也略有下降,但有效燃油消耗率是上升的;此外,在相同工况点出现最大燃烧压力下降,滞燃期延长,燃烧始点推迟,燃烧持续期呈延长趋势,最高平均燃烧温度增大,且发动机的NO_x,HC和碳烟排放增加。当海拔升高,发动机的负荷增大时,碳烟排放呈现出先降低后升高。在小负荷和大负荷时的CO排放增加较为明显,而中负荷附近基本保持不变。     

面向对象技术在测试软件设计中的应用

近年来 ,面向对象技术在构造可复用与可重构软件方面得到了广泛的应用 ,文章中介绍了面向对象技术在测试软件设计中的应用 ,由于类和对象的封装性、继承性的特点 ,使得面向对象的测试软件可以在类的层次上进行重构和复用 ,从而可以更有效地适应变化的需求