地形提示和警告系统研究

地形提示和警告系统(TAWS)能够有效地避免可控撞地事故(CFIT)的发生,极大地提高了民用飞机飞行的安全性。目前,国外对TAWS的研究和应用比较成熟,而国内仍处于起步阶段。结合作者在设计中积累的经验,首先介绍了近地警告系统(GPWS)的功能特点,通过分析GPWS的应用局限性,给出了TAWS系统的发展历程。对TAWS的主要功能和应用进行了深入研究,重点分析了TAWS的前视功能。并在此基础上,给出了TAWS系统在实际应用过程中的优点和尚待解决的问题。最后,提出了适应民航系统未来发展的新一代TAWS系统的发展趋势。     

Error constrained control of a pseudo-satellite with disturbance

This paper presents the control scheme of a pseudo-satellite in situations where error constraints, uncertainties, and external disturbances occur. The control scheme of a pseudo-satellite includes planar path following control scheme and altitude control scheme. In order to control the altitude of a pseudo-satellite, the backstepping technique is used to control the quality of air in the air balloon. To deal with the error constrained requirements of a pseudo-satellite’s position, a tan-type barrier Lyapunov function (TBLF) is proposed and incorporated with the guidance control schemes. Adaptive fuzzy disturbance observers are presented to estimate uncertainties and external disturbances. Rigorous stability analysis proves that the altitude error of the pseudo-satellite can be uniformly bounded, and the position error of which can be maintained within the range of constrained requirements, while all closed-loop signals are uniformly bounded regardless of uncertainties and disturbances.     

Robust DEM co-registration method for terrain changes assessment using least trimmed squares estimator

Robust DEM co-registration for detecting terrain changes is an attractive but unresolved problem in both Remote Sensing and the Prevention and Mitigation of Hazards. Since robust DEM co-registration is an inherently very difficult problem, the algorithms developed are becoming more and more complicated. In this paper, a robust method for DEM co-registration is proposed, which integrates the least trimmed squares (LTS) estimator with the least Z-difference (LZD) algorithm. Moreover, a self-adaptive threshold based on the histogram of height differences is employed to identify the terrain changes automatically, which are the fundamental data for landslide assessment. The results of simulated experiments illustrate the robustness and accuracy of the new algorithm.     

基于ArcGIS的公路沿线三维地形的建立和应用分析

以勉宁高速公路为例，在1：2000的公路沿线地形平面图的基础上，利用AutoCAD和R2V软件对其进行预处理，然后在ArcGIS中建立高精度的DEM，通过DEM和公路沿线平面图的叠加，生成公路沿线单个三维地形，建立Oracle数据库存储二维和三维地形数据，并对其中三维数据进行了缓冲区、面积和体积计算等三维应用分析。     

总能量控制原理在地形跟随飞行控制中的应用

应用总能量控制原理设计了控制飞行高度的地形跟随飞行控制系统,并通过引入飞行高度和飞行速度的偏差控制,基本消除了总能量控制系统存在的稳态误差;引入俯仰角和俯仰角速率反馈回路以增加阻尼,消除俯仰角振荡,最后对该系统进行了解耦性能和地形跟随仿真。结果表明,用总能量原理设计的地形跟随飞行控制系统体现了飞机升降舵和油门杆一体化设计的思想,可实现飞行速度/航迹角的解耦控制,对给定地形可达到良好的跟随效果。     

BTT导弹地形跟踪/地形回避控制器设计方法

针对倾斜转弯(BTT)导弹地形跟踪/地形回避控制任务,在弹体坐标系下建立了导弹的动力学数学模型,将滚转通道独立解耦,俯仰-偏航通道耦合设计;依据H_∞混合灵敏度理论,设计了俯仰-偏航通道过载控制器和滚转通道滚转角控制器;通过六自由度非线性仿真,验证了设计方法的有效性。     

Aircraft-on-ground path following control by dynamical adaptive backstepping

The necessity of improving the air traffic and reducing the aviation emissions drives to investigate automatic steering for aircraft to effectively roll on the ground. This paper addresses the path following control problem of aircraft-on-ground and focuses on the task that the aircraft is required to follow the desired path on the runway by nose wheel automatic steering. The proposed approach is based on dynamical adaptive backstepping so that the system model does not have to be transformed into a canonical triangular form which is necessary in conventional backstepping design. This adaptive controller performs well despite the lack of information on the aerodynamic load and the tire cornering stiffness parameters. Simulation results clearly demonstrate the advantages and effectiveness of the proposed approach.     

飞航导弹的地形跟踪控制器设计方法研究

根据奇异摄动理论,采用飞航导弹的分层控制方法,将地形跟踪控制系统分成速度、姿态角和角速度三部分,提出了一种利用动态逆滑模控制进行飞航导弹地形跟踪控制器的设计方法,同时充分考虑了导弹系统中的不确定性误差,保证了系统误差收敛。最后以飞航导弹非线性模型进行了6DOF仿真。从仿真结果可以看出,导弹能够准确跟踪地形轮廓飞行,表明所设计的地形跟踪控制器具有较强的鲁棒性和快速跟踪性。     

体积成形过程的模型跟随自适应控制

为控制热锻的生产过程和锻件的产品质量 ,应用体积成形过程的有限元数值仿真离线训练人工神经网络 (ANN) ,采用电学模拟方法 ,通过简单的模拟电路构造出复杂的ANN模型 ,完成了从体积成形过程到模拟电路之间的映射。模拟电路与自适应控制系统并联 ,构成了模型跟踪的自适应控制系统     

非线性PD控制在自动地形跟随系统中的应用

提出了一种非线性PD控制方法，并将其应用在自动地形跟随系统飞行控制律的设计中。对采用常规PI控制与非线性PD控制的飞行控制系统进行了鲁棒性仿真比较以及典型地形跟随误差仿真比较。结果表明，采用非线性PD控制方法设计的控制律具有良好的鲁棒性与跟随性能。