地球边缘大气密度时空特性分析

分析了地球边缘大气密度的时变特性及空间分布特性。从物理原因出发并基于NRLMSISE-00和MET-99大气模型计算随不同时空变量变化的相对大气密度,以说明各时空因素对地球边缘大气密度的影响程度。分析结果表明地球边缘大气密度具有较强的时变特性,昼夜和季节均对大气密度产生一定影响。空间特性表现为纬度对大气密度的影响明显,而经度影响微弱。季节不同导致纬度的影响程度不同,纬度因素在夏季和冬季的影响强于春秋。随着纬度的增加,季节对地球边缘大气密度的影响逐渐增强,而当地时间的影响呈减弱趋势。相比较而言,低纬区的昼夜波动强于季节波动,高纬区的季节波动强于昼夜波动。     

载人航天某装置人机交互式结构优化设计

为了解决复杂结构在动力学响应约束下优化的难题,综合人工以及计算机在复杂结构优化中的优点,提出一种人机交互式优化方法用于载人航天某复杂装置的优化设计。经过结构优化后的装置,在质量保持基本不变的情况下一阶振动频率提升41.1%,正弦试验条件下关心节点的最大加速度响应值减小24.3%,优化效果明显,满足优化设计要求,验证了该优化设计方法的可行、有效。     

复杂约束下航天器姿态机动球面几何规划方法

针对航天器进行大角度姿态机动过程中约束多且复杂的问题，提出一种基于球面几何的姿态规划方法。该方法将复杂指向约束描述为多个禁入锥，设计了区分有效约束和无效约束的路径约束检测方法，能有效减少当前路径处理的约束数量；然后将三维空间避障问题映射到二维平面上，通过球面几何距离公式推导了中间姿态指令解析解。仿真结果表明，该方法规划的姿态机动路径不仅能够满足复杂指向约束，而且具有节省机动时间、计算效率高的优点。     

Robust H∞ controller design for attitude stabilization of flexible spacecraft with input constraints

This paper addresses the attitude stabilization and vibration suppression problem for flexible spacecraft subject to model parameter uncertainty, controller perturbations, external disturbances and input constraints. The attitude model of flexible spacecraft is described and converted into a state space form in terms of passive and active vibration suppression schemes. A novel state feedback controller is proposed based on the exactly available expectation of a new variable, which is introduced to model a randomly occurring controller gain perturbation. Based on Lyapunov stability theory, sufficient conditions for the existence of the nonfragile H_∞ controller considering input constraints are given based on linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) in terms of additive perturbation and multiplicative perturbation. Then, the developed controller subject to required constraints can be obtained, where the nonfragile property is fully considered to improve the tolerance to uncertainties in the controller. Numerical simulations are performed to demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed control strategy in attitude stabilization and vibration suppression, where it should be noted that the passive vibration suppression scheme is superior for high natural frequencies while the active vibration suppression scheme is superior for low natural frequencies. Moreover, the low natural frequencies have more influence on the performance of attitude stabilization and vibration suppression.     

A triangle voting algorithm based on double feature constraints for star sensors

A novel autonomous star identification algorithm is presented in this study. In the proposed algorithm, each sensor star constructs multi-triangle with its bright neighbor stars and obtains its candidates by triangle voting process, in which the triangle is considered as the basic voting element. In order to accelerate the speed of this algorithm and reduce the required memory for star database, feature extraction is carried out to reduce the dimension of triangles and each triangle is described by its base and height. During the identification period, the voting scheme based on double feature constraints is proposed to implement triangle voting. This scheme guarantees that only the catalog star satisfying two features can vote for the sensor star, which improves the robustness towards false stars. The simulation and real star image test demonstrate that compared with the other two algorithms, the proposed algorithm is more robust towards position noise, magnitude noise and false stars.     

An improved neutron transport algorithm for HZETRN

Long-term human presence in space requires the inclusion of radiation constraints in mission planning and the design of shielding materials, structures and vehicles. It is necessary to expose the numerical tools commonly used in radiation analyses to extensive verification, validation and uncertainty quantification. In this paper, the numerical error associated with energy discretization in HZETRN is addressed. An inadequate numerical integration scheme in the transport algorithm is shown to produce large errors in the low energy portion of the neutron and light ion fluence spectra. It is further shown that the errors result from the narrow energy domain of the neutron elastic cross section spectral distributions and that an extremely fine energy grid is required to resolve the problem under the current formulation. Since adding a sufficient number of energy points will render the code computationally inefficient, we revisit the light ion and neutron transport theory developed for HZETRN and focus on neutron elastic interactions. Two numerical methods (average value and collocation) are developed to provide adequate resolution in the energy domain and more accurately resolve the neutron elastic interactions. An energy grid convergence study is conducted to demonstrate the improved stability of the new methods. Based on the results of the convergence study and the ease of implementation, the average value method with a 100 point energy grid is found to be suitable for future use in HZETRN.     

飞机颤振主动抑制控制律优化设计

对颤振主动抑制控制律的优化设计进行了研究，提出了一种基于“极点配置”思想，考虑低速稳定性的工程性控制律初值设置方法；在优化过程中，除考虑阵风响应等约束外，还考虑了鲁棒性问题。以某型收音机的动力相似模型为实例进行计算。计算结果表明，设计的优化控制律能有效抑制颤振，保证低速稳定性，且系统满足工程稳定裕度要求。     

一种基于时间差分运动检测的改进方法

本文提出了一种基于时间差分运动检测的改进方法。首先计算时间上连续的两帧灰度图像的差分图像；然后，将得到的差分图像通过低通滤波和二值化处理；最后，利用图像序列中的多帧灰度图像计算得到一组二值图像，通过对二值图像进行像素的算术运算，提取出运动目标区域。实验结果表明：这种方法是有效的。     

特征设计的定位约束参数化技术

 提出一种三维参数化的系统模式，将参数化工作分为二维变量几何、扫描方向参数化及特征定位约束参数化3个相对独立的部分。针对反映三维参数化特点的定位约束参数化技术，提出用坐标系方式表示特征之间的定位约束关系，定义了所需的几种坐标系，分析了可能存在的约束关系类型，并从一般位置约束关系的分析入手，推导出相应的约束变换矩阵，拓宽了约束表示的覆盖域。还针对特征模型约束情况分析、判断和处理的需要，分析了各种约束类型的自由度亏损情况。     

基于平衡滑翔的升力再入攻角设计分析及应用

针对面对称中高升阻比飞行器再入攻角的优化问题,从工程角度系统分析了升力再入攻角优化问题的多种约束,基于平衡滑翔条件结合失速攻角、初始再入攻角和平衡滑翔攻角等,得到了再入段飞行的攻角设计空间,并给出了再入攻角剖面设计的具体可行方法。所提出的设计方案可用于快速选定满足各种过程约束的速度-攻角剖面;将该攻角设计方法应用于覆盖区优化问题,在继承已有方法的快速求解速度下,仿真结果及对比表明所规划的攻角剖面具有与直接法相似的最优性。