超声速发动机温度测量技术发展现状

火焰温度及温度场分布的测量是航空航天超声速发动机测量技术的重要环节。由于超声速发动机内部温度过高、工况复杂恶劣,应用于亚声速发动机的接触测量技术已难以达到测量要求。针对超声速发动机温度测量传感器的设计方式、试验、温度、测量误差等核心问题,本文综述了现阶段超声速发动机接触式温度测量的方法,重点介绍了辐射与红外测量、可调谐二极管激光吸收光谱（TDLAS）、相干反斯托克斯拉曼散射（CARS）及温度敏感涂料（TSP）等非接触温度测量技术在超声速发动机应用的研究进展和发展趋势,对后续的超声速发动机温度测量技术研究工作具有一定的借鉴作用。     

冷冻强力吸盘的设计及研究

目的设计制作一种由电子制冷系统、温度控制系统、水冷系统和装夹工作台构成的冷冻强力吸盘。方法通过电子制冷器迅速降低或升高工作台的温度,可以达到粘结、固定工件或拆卸工件的目的。结果该装置的核心技术是使用半导体制冷技术,采用全电子控制,它既可应用于各种磁性材料工件的装夹,也可应用于各种非磁性材料工件的装夹。结论该装置性能可靠,快速高效,操作简单。     

Testing the no-hair theorem with observations of black holes in the electromagnetic spectrum

According to the no-hair theorem, astrophysical black holes are uniquely described by their mass and spin. In this paper, we review a new framework for testing the no-hair hypothesis with observations in the electromagnetic spectrum. The approach is formulated in terms of a Kerr-like spacetime containing a quadrupole moment that is independent of both mass and spin. If the no-hair theorem is correct, then any deviation from the Kerr metric quadrupole has to be zero. We show how upcoming VLBI imaging observations of Sgr A∗ as well as spectroscopic observations of iron lines from accreting black holes with IXO may lead to the first astrophysical test of the no-hair theorem.     

返回式卫星的热控设计

介绍我国返回式卫星热控设计方案。根据我国返回式卫星的特点,描述了热惯性法在热设计中的应用。地面热试验数据与飞行遥测温度数据比较表明,两者一致性良好,热控系统工作正常,星体与星内仪器温度均较好地处于所要求的范围内。     

探测地球自然灾害的一种方法

通过探测地球整体的辐射温度变化,即在空间把地球作为一个辐射点源对待,同时又将地球分成几百个局部,视为一个面源,进行实时的比较;又分别对太阳和宇宙背景的辐射温度变化进行测量,来了解地球表面和地气的热温度状况和太阳对地球、对宇宙背景能量传输的情况。从而研究地球上大规模灾害性事件(包括火山的爆发、地震、大气环流、气候变异等…)在整个地球上所能反映的热温度效应。探测地球在宇宙空间非平衡热状况下(太阳温度6000K;地球温度300K;空间背景3K)的耗散结构,研究在这种状况下物理力学的一些自会聚和自组织现象(即地球上灾害性事件形成过程),形成一门非平衡宇宙热力学,并使之成为一门实验科学。文章着重介绍为此目的实施的探测方法和其应用前景。     

单组元发动机热回浸现象的理论分析

用有限元法数值分析了通讯卫星上用于姿态和轨道控制的单组元发动机的热回浸现象。计算表明,燃烧室工作后的热量主要是通过支撑圆杆的热回浸和辐射而散失的。所得模拟结果还说明,工程设计中采用毛细管输送燃料,确实能有效地阻止发动机工作后燃烧室中的热量通过输料管传到电磁阀,可充分保证电磁间的安全。     

Variation of Polar Coronal Hole Profiles with Solar Cycle

We compared the H I Lyα polar coronal hole profiles obtained during the three Spartan 201 flights (in 1993, 1994, and 1995) and during the more recent UVCS/SOHO mission. We found that at 2.1 R_⊙ there are no significant variations of the line shape over the several years of the descending phase of the solar cycle. However, there may be some evidence for the 1.8 R_⊙ profiles being broader towards solar minimum. The profiles at 2.1 R_⊙ are different from profiles obtained at 1.8 R_⊙; they have clearly narrower cores and wide wings. We fitted the profiles with single and/or multiple Gaussian functions and calculated their typical 1/e half widths. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

On the Lyman α and O VI Line Profiles in Streamers and Coronal Holes

The profiles of the Lyα line at 1215.6 Å and of the O VI doublet at 1031.9 Å and 1037.6 Å in the extended solar corona have been analyzed vs. latitude and radial direction, performing observations with the Ultraviolet Coronagraph Spectrometer (UVCS) on board the ESA-NASA solar satellite SOHO (Solar and Heliospheric Observatory). The results show that these lines behave differently with latitude: the H I Ly α line has larger full width at half maximum (FWHM) values in the streamer region and narrower values towards the pole, while the FWHM of O VI lines has a minimum at the center of the streamer and slightly increases towards the polar regions. We briefly discuss the impact of the results on coronal heating theories.     

基于FPGA的V/F转换电路温度补偿技术研究

针对温度对V/F转换电路工作性能的影响,分析了主要电子元器件的温度影响因子,阐述了转换电路的温度补偿原理.在电路中采用基于FPGA的数字式温度补偿方案进行温度补偿的标定、设计与试验,结果表明采用数字式温度补偿方式改善了温度因素对V/F转换电路的影响,使得电路满足温度稳定性要求.     

固体材料比热容随温度变化规律的研究

通过对固体比热容构成的分析,导出了固体材料比热容随温度变化的一般关系式,以Mo、α-Al203 、graphite、W、Si3N4 、SiC等六种材料为例,检验了理论模型的可行性,结果表明,其计算数据和标准数据的相对偏差均在±2％以内,证实了该模型的实用性.