基于双环滑模控制的直/气复合控制系统设计

直/气复合控制导弹具有强干扰、强非线性以及强耦合等特点,传统的姿态控制器难以适用于该种复杂干扰并存的情况,文章提出了基于双环滑模控制的直/气复合控制器。首先采用有限时间收敛趋近律分别构造内外环滑模控制器,并将角速度回路的滑模变量量化为直接力指令,以解决空气舵与姿控发动机之间的耦合问题。接着使用非线性扩张状态观测器估计综合干扰,从而设计控制器补偿侧向喷流干扰及模型不确定性等综合干扰的影响。然后基于李雅普诺夫方法证明了控制系统闭环稳定,分析了干扰补偿对控制器收敛域的影响。最后仿真结果表明,该方法跟踪速度快,动态过程平稳,具有较强的干扰抑制能力,具有很强的鲁棒性。     

无源无线声表面波压力传感器校准技术研究

声表面波压力传感器是一种新型传感器,它的一大优势是具有无源无线信号传递特性,可以突破传统传感器线缆连接的限制,近年来受到国内外研究机构普遍重视。本文探讨了SAW压力传感器的校准技术,对某种商业传感器进行校准,使用最小二乘法分析校准结果,并进行不确定度评估。校准结果显示该传感器在误差、线性、重复性等方面可满足一定精度要求,通过进一步发展,有望在航天领域得到实际应用。     

用衰减全反射(ATR)研究金属薄膜的物理性质

本文作者所设计的实验是利用光学中全反射衰减特性方法测量在介质上蒸镀的金属薄膜的厚度和各种频率下的复介电常数等物理性质,它可以精确测定１００～１０００范围内金属膜层的厚度和ε（ω）值,以及一些其它性质,是研究固体表面物理的一种有效的方法和技术。     

ERT/UTT双模态传感器尺寸优化仿真

针对电阻/超声双模态层析成像传感器配置优化问题,提出管道同一截面内配置电极与超声探头,实现对管道内同一被测对象同一时间的检测。采用数值仿真方法,考察电学敏感场与超声敏感场在管道内分布情况,优化双敏感场的互补信息获取范围,获得被测场域内同一被测对象的多敏感信息。为降低被测截面内电极对超声敏感场的影响,定义双敏感场的最优灵敏度与均匀度,利用数值仿真方法对电极与超声探头的安装结构与尺寸进行优化,最终获得16电极与16超声探头间隔放置的最优空间结构与相对尺寸。     

Tear Resistance of Orthogonal Kevlar-PWF-reinforced TPU Film

This work seeks to investigate the notch sensitivity and fracture behaviour of orthogonal Kevlar-plain woven fabric (PWF)-reinforced thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU) film applied to high altitude balloon. Four types of specimens are implemented to measure notched strength and fracture toughness by conducting static tension and tear tests on an MTS system respectively. The damage and failure mechanisms are discussed and the results for notched strength and tear resistance are evaluated and compared with each other. From the experiments, it is found that the notch sensitivity of the film increases with the increase in the size of the hole, but the notch sensitivity and the stress concentration of the notch are insignificant and there is a decrease of only about 4%-10% in tensile strength for the notched specimens with different hole sizes in diameter compared with the unnotched specimen. In contrast, the tear resistance containing a central slit with only 1 mm length is about half of tensile strength of the unnotched film, which implies that the tear resistance exists an significant notch sensitivity. The results of this study provide an insight into notch sensitivity and fracture behaviour of the Kevlar-PWF-reinforced TPU film and constitute a fundamental basis for the design of high altitude balloon.     

偶联涂层处理对APMOC/环氧复合材料层间剪切性能的影响

介绍了溶剂、硅烷偶联剂浓度、含胶量等对APMOC/环氧层间剪切强度(ILSS)影响的研究结果,并初步探讨了其改性机理和涂层厚度控制的一些问题。     

Capillary flow rate limitation in asymmetry open channel

This paper focuses on the stability of capillary forced flow.In space,open capillary channels are widely used as the liquid and gas separation devices to manage liquid positioning and transportation.Surface collapse happens when the flow rate exceeds the critical value,leading to a failure of propellant management.Knowledge of flow rate limitation is of great significance in design and optimization of propellant management devices(PMDs).However,the capillary flow rate limitation in an asymmetry channel has not been studied yet in the literature.In this paper,by introducing an equivalent angle to convert the asymmetry corner to a symmetry one,the one-dimensional theoretical model is developed.The flow rate limitation can then be investigated as a function of the channel geometry as well as liquid property based on the model.Comparisons between the asymmetry and symmetry channels bring forth the characteristics of the two kinds of channels,and demonstrate good accordance between the new advanced model and the existing one in the literature.This theoretical model can provide valuable reference for PMD designers.     

耐高温异氰酸酯/ 环氧树脂固化历程与性能

以异氰酸酯为固化剂固化环氧树脂,通过比较不同固化条件下固化物结构的差异,研究了异氰酸酯与环氧树脂的反应历程;改变异氰酸酯/环氧树脂体系的化学计量比(I/E),采用FTIR/ATR、DSC、DMTA等研究了固化产物的结构与性能。结果表明,异氰酸酯与环氧树脂的固化历程随着温度的升高可分为三个阶段,第一阶段为异氰酸酯的三聚反应;第二阶段是一个复杂的过程,首先环氧树脂和异氰酸酯可反应生成嗯唑烷酮结构,通过嗯唑烷酮环扩链得到端畀氰酸酯基低聚物,可继续发生三聚反应;第三阶段为异氰脲酸酯与残余的环氧基团反应生成嗯唑烷酮结构,异氰脲酸酯六元环向噁唑烷酮五元环的转化是一个可逆的过程。不同的I/E比例可得到结构不同的固化物,不同的结构导致固化物性能的差异:当(I/E)=1.8时,综合力学性能良好,异氰酸酯/环氧树脂/玻璃纤维复合材料的弯曲强度、弯曲模量、层剪强度分别为652.53、33270.63和31.66MPa,优于甲基四氢苯酐/环氧树脂/玻璃纤维复合材料力学性能;当I/E=2.0时,固化物T_g达到了305℃,明显优于传统的环氧树脂固化体系。     

WC/C复合涂层海水环境的耐蚀性与摩擦性能

采用非平衡磁控溅射技术在304L不锈钢和单晶硅基底上沉积WC/C多层复合涂层,利用扫描电镜、Raman光谱仪、X射线衍射仪等研究WC/C复合涂层的微观结构,采用纳米压痕仪、划痕测试系统测试涂层的力学性能,利用电化学测试系统和摩擦磨损试验机分别研究涂层在人工配置的海水环境的耐蚀性能和摩擦性能。结果表明:WC/C复合涂层内含有较多类石墨sp2键结构,存在WC1-x相并镶嵌在非晶碳基质中。较之于304L不锈钢基底,WC/C复合涂层在海水环境中表现出更好的耐蚀性与更优异的摩擦适应性。     

金属-氟塑料自润滑材料的摩擦磨损特性

对奥贝球铁衬套材料和金属氟塑料自润滑衬套材料的摩擦磨损性能进行研究.结果表明,金属氟塑料自润滑材料与45钢配副的摩擦系数远远低于奥贝球铁材料与45钢配副,金属氟塑料自润滑材料的耐磨性能也优于奥贝球铁材料.由于金属氟塑料自润滑材料优良的自润滑性能,与其配对的45钢的磨耗量也远远低于与ADI对磨的45钢.