Effects of Mach numbers on Magnus induced surface pressure

Experimental and numerical methods were used to investigate the Magnus phenomena over a spinning projectile. The pressure force acting on the surface of a spinning projectile was measured for various cases by employing a relatively novel experimental technique. A set of miniature pressure sensors along with a data acquisition board, battery and storage memory were placed inside a spinning model and the surface pressure were obtained through a remotely controlled system. Circumferential pressures of the model for both rotational and static conditions were obtained at two different free stream Mach numbers of 0.4 and 0.8 and at different angles of attack. The results showed the ability of this new test method to measure the very small Magnus force via surface pressures over the projectile. The results provide a deep insight into the flow structure and illustrate changes in the cross-flow separation locations as a result of rotation. Similar results were obtained by the numerical simulations and were compared with the experimental data.     

基于PAM-CRASH的蒙皮典型结构高速冲击仿真

以典型蒙皮结构为研究对象，分别对由2024－T3铝合金和碳纤维复合材料交替层压而成的FMLs以及2024－T3铝合金蒙皮进行高速冲击有限元仿真，并进行了损伤对比。其中，铝合金层和碳纤维层均采用最大应变准则。利用碰撞模拟分析软件PAM-CRASH以及采用SPH弹体对冲击模型进行仿真，结果显示在相同冲击能量下，加了支承结构的蒙皮在损伤抗性方面有了明显提升，并在此基础上分析不同的纤维铺层角度和铺层方式对FMLs蒙皮性能的影响。     

A surface parametric control and global optimization method for axial flow compressor blades

An aerodynamic optimization method for axial flow compressor blades available for engineering is developed in this paper. Bezier surface is adopted as parameterization method to control the suction surface of the blades, which brings the following advantages:(A) significantly reducing design variables;(B) easy to ensure the mechanical strength of rotating blades;(C) better physical understanding;(D) easy to achieve smooth surface. The Improved Artificial Bee Colony(IABC) algorithm, which significantly increases the convergence speed and global optimization ability, is adopted to find the optimal result. A new engineering optimization tool is constructed by combining the surface parametric control method, the IABC algorithm, with a verified Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD) simulation method, and it has been successfully applied in the aerodynamic optimization for a single-row transonic rotor(Rotor 37) and a single-stage transonic axialflow compressor(Stage 35). With the constraint that the relative change in the flow rate is less than0.5% and the total pressure ratio does not decrease, within the acceptable time in engineering, the adiabatic efficiency of Rotor 37 at design point increases by 1.02%, while its surge margin 0.84%,and the adiabatic efficiency of Stage 35 0.54%, while its surge margin 1.11% after optimization, to verify the effectiveness and potential in engineering of this new tool for optimization of axial compressor blade.     

空间相机中与大口径透镜有关的结构设计分析

某空间相机镜头在光学设计时,因透过率、吸收率等原因,为了满足光学系统要求,经过各方面平衡后,其中有一片透镜比正常径厚比设计的偏薄些。在镜头总体结构设计时,单独对该镜片及与之相配的结构件进行了有限元分析和实验检测,发现不同的结构形式对镜片面形影响不同。为了解决这一问题,在实验中进行了探讨,以保证整个相机系统满足空间相机的实用要求。     

基于连续损伤模型的复合材料波纹梁压溃分析

复合材料的耐撞性受到了广泛重视,而波纹梁因其优异的抗屈曲构型被广泛应用于飞机翼梁和直升机底板等经常发生碰撞的结构中。进行了复合材料波纹梁的屈曲分析,研究了高度对波纹梁破坏模式的影响。建立复合材料波纹梁的连续损伤单波模型,层内基于Hashin判据建立含损伤因子的损伤刚度矩阵,层间根据二次名义应力准则和B-K准则模拟损伤演化,并通过典型复合材料波纹梁压溃试验验证了所建立模型的正确性。基于单波分析模型,通过施加周期性边界条件和反对称边界条件,研究了多波结构的吸能特性。     

含边缘裂纹铝合金厚板的复合材料双面修补研究

采用表面打磨,80℃、接触压固化的方法,利用碳纤维/双马复合材料预固化补片对边缘裂纹的铝合金厚板进行双面胶接修补,测试修补前后的静态和疲劳性能,并结合高低温老化和常温油浸试验考核其耐煤油性。结果表明:修补后平均破坏载荷由94.313 kN增加到143.593 kN,提高了52.25%;疲劳寿命由2 019次循环增加到34 698次循环,提高了16.19倍;临界裂纹长度由13.5 mm增加为27.5 mm;裂纹扩展速率由2.72 mm/1 000循环降低为0.59 mm/1 000循环。在300次循环高低温油浸及180 d的常温油浸试验条件下,燃油对试验件疲劳性能无影响,同时修补试验件对煤油品质无明显影响。     

300 MVA脉冲发电机组滑差方式起动过程研究

介绍了300 MVA脉冲发电机组的滑差装置。对机组采取滑差方式的起动过程进行了分析和等效建模。根据机组实际起动过程电气波形,利用非线性规划模型,建立了滑差装置液体电阻等效仿真模型,并代入机组参数对起动过程进行仿真,仿真结果和实际波形吻合,验证了模型的正确性。在此基础上,为了使机组的转速达到额定转速,提出在滑差装置液体电阻低位时并入两级固体金属电阻后短接的方案,给出了两级固体金属电阻的阻值等理论参数,并通过仿真验证了方案的可行性。建立的仿真模型可以作为研究不同参数、不同控制策略下的机组起动过程动态特性的重要工具。     

管道强制电流阴极保护电位计算的等效电阻法

针对受一个阴极保护站保护的埋地钢质管道,提出了管道电位和电流计算的等效电阻方法,并用解析方法推导出管道覆盖层破损后电位和电流的计算公式。等效电阻方法将所研究管道划分成若干管段,用一个电阻表示管段对轴向电流的阻碍作用,一个电阻表示对径向电流的阻碍作用,从而将管道强制电流阴极保护系统表示成一个等效电阻电路。利用网孔电流法求解该电路的网孔电流,并计算出管道各节点上的电位。计算结果表明,等效电阻方法得到的结果与解析法的计算结果完全吻合。该方法特别适合于管径和（或）过渡电阻发生变化的情况。     

涡轮叶片尾缘通道中纵向肋对换热特性的影响

采用冷凝水蒸汽的实验方法,测量三种不同类型纵向肋对叶片尾缘通道的换热影响.系统的研究了孔径为2.6mm的带孔平肋,波峰孔径为3mm、波谷孔径为2.2mm的波浪肋,和不带孔平肋之间的换热和流阻比较,实验结果表明:当Re<20000时,波浪肋的换热优于带孔平肋,当Re>50000时,波浪肋换热不及不带孔平肋.且波浪肋流阻远低于不带孔平肋和带孔平肋.      

聚酰亚胺胶粘剂的粘接性能

 采用等摩尔的酮酐（BTDA）和醚胺（ODA）在N,N 二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)中合成了线形缩聚型聚酰胺酸(PAA),并用红外光谱对其结构进行了表征,用TGA对其热关环亚胺化后进行了分析,结果表明其热分解温度可达600 ℃,所成薄膜具有良好的韧性。同时采用纳迪克酸酐（NA）为封端剂,通过调整NA/BTDA/ODA的比例,合成了不同分子量的PAA预聚体,并用红外光谱对其结构进行了表征,对其热关环亚胺化后进行差热分析,表明其端基交联固化温度为350 ℃左右,且随着分子量的提高峰温向高温方向移动。TGA表明,热固性聚酰亚胺（PI）交联固化后的热分解温度为483 ℃左右。采用上述线形缩聚型PAA与热固性PI共混,将固化后线形缩聚型PI的韧性与热固性PI高温性能结合起来,直接用做耐高温胶粘剂,可以获得较高的室温和高温剪切强度,并具有良好的高温热老化性能。