三轴指向机构的装调校准

文章描述了一种三轴指向机构的装调校准方法。机构的结构方案为3个转动单元通过支架连接而成,运动中3个转动单元的转轴始终相交于反射器的焦点。通过对零位状态下的机构装调校准方法的详细论述和单元转轴转角Rx、Ry的计算及调整,使机构满足其几何条件,即3个单元轴线相交于一点。最后对机构零位标定进行校验,验证机构在任意状态下3个转动单元的转轴始终相交于一点。     

SOHO operations and ground system

SOHO is a joint ESA/NASA mission to study the sun from its interior to, and including, the solar wind in interplanetary space. It is currently scheduled for launch in 1995. After launch SOHO with be operated from the Experiment Operations Facility (EOF) at Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). The EOF will consist of facilities for instrument commanding, data reception, data reduction and data analysis. In this paper the operations concepts including instrument ground commanding from the EOF and communications capabilities between the EOF and ground observatories and the public networks in general will be described.     

Understanding solar streamers: The role of SOHO

Streamers have been observed since far back in time, but our knowledge of their morphology and of their physical characteristics is still very limited. As a consequence, the present streamer picture is largely incomplete: because individual features are poorly known, their role in more general phenomena (like the evolution of the global corona or the solar wind mass and flow pattern) is also poorly known. In this presentation, the more relevant open problems in the understanding of streamers will be illustrated and it will be shown how new data acquired by SOHO may help us to reach a better understanding of these structures.     

孙中山的文化思想述评

在中西文化激烈冲突的背景下 ,孙中山主张积极地学习西方文化 ,科学地对待传统文化 ,在批判地继承中西文化的基础上 ,“集合中外的精华” ,建设融贯中西、博采众长的中国现代文化 ,为后人找到了一条实现中国文化现代化的可行之路     

1990年7月30日太阳射电大爆发中的脉动现象

本文讨论了1990年7月30日伴随日面2B级双带光学耀斑发生的3.2cm波微波大爆发事件的观测特征,它呈现为显著的脉动形态。并对它进行了数据处理,发现射电爆发流量S与脉动的特征参量:平均重复率R,调制度△S/S和能量△E之间有良好的统计相关性。对此作了讨论和初步的解释。     

What is the role of magnetic null points in large flares?

We have performed the analysis of the magnetic topology of active region NOAA 10486 before two large flares occurring on October 26 and 28, 2003. The 3D extrapolation of the photospheric magnetic field shows the existence of magnetic null points when using two different methods. We use TRACE 1600 Å and 195 Å brightenings as tracers of the energy release due to magnetic reconnections. We conclude on the three following points:

1. The small events observed before the flares are related to low lying null points. They are long lasting and associated with low energy release. They are not triggering the large flares.

2. On October 26, a high altitude null point is found. We look for bright patches that could correspond to the signatures of coronal reconnection at the null point in TRACE 1600 Å images. However, such bright patches are not observed before the main flare, they are only observed after it.

3. On October 28, four ribbons are observed in TRACE images before the X17 flare. We interpret them as due to a magnetic breakout reconnection in a quadrupolar configuration. There is no magnetic null point related to these four ribbons, and this reconnection rather occurs at quasi-separatrix layers (QSLs).

We conclude that the existence of a null point in the corona is neither a sufficient nor a necessary condition to give rise to large flares.     

From solar nanoflares to stellar giant flares: Scaling laws and non-implications for coronal heating

In this study we explore physical scaling laws applied to solar nanoflares, microflares, and large flares, as well as to stellar giant flares. Solar flare phenomena exhibit a fractal volume scaling, V(L)  L^1.9, with L being the flare loop length scale, which explains the observed correlation between the total emission measure EM_p and flare peak temperature T_p in both solar and stellar flares. However, the detected stellar flares have higher emission measures EM_p than solar flares at the same flare peak temperature T_p, which can be explained by a higher electron density that is caused by shorter heating scale height ratios s_H/L ≈ 0.04–0.1. Using these scaling laws we calculate the total radiated flare energies E_X and thermal flare energies E_T and find that the total counts C are a good proxy for both parameters. Comparing the energies of solar and stellar flares we find that even the smallest observed stellar flares exceed the largest solar flares, and thus their observed frequency distributions are hypothetically affected by an upper cutoff caused by the maximum active region size limit. The powerlaw slopes fitted near the upper cutoff can then not reliably be extrapolated to the microflare regime to evaluate their contribution to coronal heating.     

FY-1C在地表灾情和环境监测中的应用

介绍了国家气象中心一年来利用FY-1C极轨气象卫星开展地表监测和环境监测包括火情监测、水情监测、积雪监测、海冰监测及植被监测的情况。指出由于该卫星探测通道比美国NOAA卫星多、过境时机适宜，因而在气象卫星应用于地表灾情和环境监测方面具有明显的优势。     

用户星天线指向控制设计初探

在数据中继卫星系统中，为保证用户星和中继星间的通信，用户星天线要精确指向中继星。由于天线指向系统和姿态控制系统间存在动态耦合，天线桅杆又有拉伸和扭转变形，所以仅靠卫星的姿态控制不能达到要求的指向精度，必须采用独立的指向控制系统。本文针对这一情况，首先分析了用户星天线指向跟踪信号，并设计单轴天线控制器。仿真结果表明，用典型跟踪信号作为输入，可得到满意的跟踪精度。     

“Oblique” Bernstein modes in solar preflare plasma: Generation of second harmonics

Process of second harmonics generation due to development of corresponding instability has been investigated for pure electron weakly oblique Bernstein mode. This mode was supposed to be modified by taking into account the influence of pair Coulomb collisions and weak large-scale electric field in flare loop. Investigated area was located near the loop foot-point in the “lower–middle” chromosphere of active region. It has been shown, that for the Fontenla–Avrett–Loeser model of solar atmosphere the investigated process of second harmonics generation starts at the extremely low threshold values of subdreicer electric field, well before the beginning of “preheating” phase of flare process.