Observations of the solar wind from coronal holes

The solar wind emanating from coronal holes (CH) constitutes a quasi-stationary flow whose properties change only slowly with the evolution of the hole itself. Some of the properties of the wind from coronal holes depend on whether the source is a large polar coronal hole or a small near-equatorial hole. The speed of polar CH flows is usually between 700 and 800 km/s, whereas the speed from the small equatorial CH flows is generally lower and can be <400 km/s. At 1 AU, the average particle and energy fluxes from polar CH are 2.5×10⁸ cm^–2 sec^–1 and 2.0 erg cm^–2 s^–1. This particle flux is significantly less than the 4×10⁸ cm^–2 sec^–1 observed in the slow, interstream wind, but the energy fluxes are approximately the same. Both the particle and energy fluxes from small equatorial holes are somewhat smaller than the fluxes from the large polar coronal holes.Many of the properties of the wind from coronal holes can be explained, at least qualitatively, as being the result of the effect of the large flux of outward-propagating Alfvén waves observed in CH flows. The different ion species have roughly equal thermal speeds which are also close to the Alfvén speed. The velocity of heavy ions exceeds the proton velocity by the Alfvén speed, as if the heavy ions were surfing on the waves carried by the proton fluid.The elemental composition of the CH wind is less fractionated, having a smaller enhancement of elements with low first-ionization potentials than the interstream wind, the wind from coronal mass ejections, or solar energetic particles. There is also evidence of fine-structure in the ratio of the gas and magnetic pressures which maps back to a scale size of roughly 1° at the Sun, similar to some of the fine structures in coronal holes such as plumes, macrospicules, and the supergranulation.     

Coronal electron density measurements using the near-ir [Fe XIII] emission lines

Observations made during the 1991 total solar eclipse and recent observations from NSO/Sac Peak are discussed. The ground-based density measurements will be complimentary to SOHO observations, particularly SOHO electron density measurements.Operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc. (AURA) under cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation     

太阳宁静区色球磁场观测

利用中国科学院北京天文台怀柔太阳磁场望远镜,对日面中心宁静区光球和色球磁场进行了长时间的积分观测。通过对光球、色球以及色球不同层次的长时间积分的观测发现,网络磁元从光球到色球扩展不大,并且部分内网络磁元升到了色球。这些结果对描述太阳磁场的两大模型提出了挑战。      

卫星电源系统配置方案的优化设计

对卫星电源系统配置方案进行优化设计是减轻电源系统质量的一条重要途径。以太阳则步轨道卫星为背景,对四种典型的直接能量传输方式的电源系统配置建立了能量传递图,推出了能量平衡方程。在此基础上,建立了以电源系统的质量功率比最小为目标函数的优化模型;以降交点地方时,高峰功耗与长期功耗比和光照区与星蚀区负载长期功率比为设计变量,通过算例对这四种ＤＥＴ方式进行了优化分析比较,归纳出电源系统配置方案的优化设计结论     

主动寻的末制导的截获性能分析

研究了雷达指令修正惯导中制导加主动寻的末制导的复合制导体制下,雷达定位误差造成的导引头天线指向角误差和多普勒定频误差的统计特性,计算了末制导的截获概率,明确了不同因素对截获性能的影响。     

暗条模型中暗条电流纵向分量的考虑

用暗条电流模型中矩形电流回路来研究NOAA131活动区暗条,结果得到暗条上升时弯曲成"U"形态,跟观测结果不符.因此本文推知:考虑暗条电流的纵向分量时一种椭圆形回路似乎比矩形回路更接近于暗条实际.      

相对轨道自主确定方法的改进

编队飞行卫星相对轨道的确定具有重要意义。本文提出一种完全自主的定轨方案,在利用星间测量信息实现编队飞行卫星自主定轨的基础上,引入太阳敏感器测量信息,利用扩展卡尔曼滤波算法提高环绕星相对轨道确定精度。仿真结果验证了这种导航方案和算法的有效性。     

三轴稳定地球同步卫星动量轮转速变化研究

对三轴稳定地球同步卫星中用于姿态控制的偏置动量轮转速变化问题进行研究。通过分析动量轮转速实际测量数据,得出太阳辐射压力影响转速变化的规律,并利用理论分析进行验证。在分析转速变化规律的基础上提出动量轮转速控制指导方案,并将其应用在实际三轴稳定地球同步卫星长期管理中,取得良好的控制效果。     

非合作式星载双站雷达波束同步设计

波束同步设计是星载分布式雷达系统总体设计的重要问题。针对发射卫星是非合作式的情况，给出六种可能的卫星姿态和天线指向参数方案。给出如下数学模型：针对一般编队，总结出波束指向同步的一般方法；提出一种基于波束指向同步的波束覆盖同步方法，并基于该方法，得到上述六种方案对应的波束覆盖同步方法；提出衡量姿态和天线指向控制能力要求的方法和覆盖能力模型，对六种可能的卫星姿态和天线指向方案，进行波束同步设计和波束覆盖能力仿真分析和比较，仿真结果验证了数学模型的正确性。     

基于STK的星座设计与性能评估

分析了区域性覆盖星座的任务要求及设计特点，结合我国周边地区的地理情况，提出了一种利用太阳同步回归轨道的低轨道区域性覆盖星座设计方案，并应用STK仿真软件完成了该星座的设计与性能评估。仿真结果表明，该星座完全满足对区域性覆盖的任务要求。