基于朴素贝叶斯分类器的空中红外目标抗干扰识别方法研究

红外诱饵对抗技术的发展使得空战环境日益复杂化,对红外成像制导空空导弹抗干扰目标识别技术提出了更高的要求。红外诱饵的投放使得目标特征的完整性、显著性及稳定性遭到破坏,基于特征融合匹配的统计模式识别方法无法准确识别目标。提出了一种基于朴素贝叶斯分类器的抗干扰目标识别方法,该方法对空战对抗仿真图像数据集进行了特征挖掘,利用实验拟合方法构建了典型特征的概率密度函数模型,构造了朴素贝叶斯分类器,实现了飞机目标和干扰的分类识别。仿真实验结果表明,该方法在已测试的弹道图像数据集下的平均识别正确率达到了81.82%,且能够解决假目标、目标遮挡等抗干扰目标的识别难题。     

环向肋增稳的薄壁圆筒结构定向拓扑优化方法

针对广泛应用于飞行器的薄壁圆筒结构,在优化设计时未考虑薄壁特性导致优化结果加工性和稳定性欠佳的问题,提出一种面向飞行器总体设计阶段的环向肋增稳薄壁圆筒结构定向拓扑优化方法.该方法首先依据薄壁结构壁厚方向将有限单元划分成组,以单元组为基本单位构成优化设计空间,保证优化结果具有定向性,进而保证优化结果符合薄壁结构加工特性;...     

航天器典型防护结构节点分离FEM的数值模拟

建立了一种航天器防护结构超高速碰撞数值模拟的节点分离有限元方法。通过重合节点网格转换和添加节点集约束建立了节点分离有限元模型。在显式积分迭代中,将达到断裂判据的节点集解离,从而生成裂纹。对网格畸变问题进行分析,并建立了几何识别方法,进而删除畸变单元,改善了算法的稳定性。应用节点分离方法模拟了单层板超高速撞击问题,并分析了撞击速度对弹丸变形程度和碎片云形状的影响。应用节点分离方法对Whipple防护结构、填充式防护结构和多层网结构进行了模拟,获得了与实验一致的结果。多种算例表明,节点分离有限元方法改善了以往断裂侵蚀有限元方法处理网格畸变、碎片云模拟以及二次碎片云碰撞等方面的能力,对典型防护结构模拟具有很好的适用性,能够成为光滑粒子流体动力学(SPH)方法的有效补充和替代。     

空间对接机构螺旋电缆设计

对一种用于空间对接机构的螺旋电缆设计进行了研究。介绍了电缆的材料选择、结构设计和生产制造工艺。给出了材料蠕变、伸缩性能和空间环境等试验结果,均符合设计要求,并成功地用于神舟八、九、十号飞船与天宫一号目标飞行器的空间交会对接。应用情况表明:该电缆的结构紧凑,伸缩性能良好,满足低轨空间环境使用要求。     

Multiple air route crossing waypoints optimization via artificial potential field method

Air route crossing waypoint optimization is one of the effective ways to improve airspace utilization, capacity and resilience in dealing with air traffic congestion and delay. However, research is lacking on the optimization of multiple Crossing Waypoints (CWPs) in the fragmented airspace separated by Prohibited, Restricted and Dangerous areas (PRDs). To tackle this issue, this paper proposes an Artificial Potential Field (APF) model considering attractive forces produced by the optimal routes and repulsive forces generated by obstacles. An optimization framework based on the APF model is proposed to optimize the different airspace topologies varying the number of CWPs, air route segments and PRDs. Based on the framework, an adaptive method is developed to dynamically control the optimization process in minimizing the total air route cost. The proposed model is applied to a busy controlled airspace. And the obtained results show that after optimization the safety-related indicators: conflict number and controller workload reduced by 7.75% and 6.51% respectively. As for the cost-effectiveness indicators: total route length, total air route cost and non-linear coefficient, declined by 1.74%, 3.13% and 1.70% respectively. While the predictability indicator, total flight delay, saw a notable reduction by 7.96%. The proposed framework and methodology can also provide an insight in the understanding of the optimization to other network systems.     

Frictional behavior during cold ring compression process of aluminum alloy 5052

The friction is the considerable boundary condition in bulk metal forming. In this paper, the ring compression test was used to evaluate the friction coefficient and factor in Coulomb friction model and Tresca friction model for the plastic deformation of aluminum alloy AA5052. The micro-macro analysis method combining surface morphology and micro-texture was used to explore the friction behaviors in AA5052 cold forming process. In general, the magnitude (μ or m) of friction changes before and after a deformation threshold during ring compression. The maximum change rate of the magnitude (μ or m) before and after the deformation threshold is close to 18.5% under the present experimental conditions, and the change rate decreases with increasing loading speed. The lubrication using MoS₂ is better than that using oil at lower speeds (0.15 mm/s, 1.5 mm/s), but the lubrications for MoS₂ and oil are similar at higher speeds (15 mm/s). The surface roughness, three-dimensional topography, and surface texture of compressed ring have a sudden change around the deformation threshold, which deviate from the previous evolution trend. The increased friction after deformation threshold also promotes the formation of sufficient shear strain layer in the subsurface plane of the compressed ring, and then it hinders the formation of the typical deformation textures with β-oriented line and promotes the appearance of shear textures such as $\left\{\text{001}\right\}〈\text{110}〉$, $\left\{\text{111}\right\}〈\mathit{uvw}〉$ and $\left\{\mathit{hkl}\right\}〈110〉$ textures.     

模拟月面环境钻进过程热特性研究

根据实际月面采样任务需求,月壤钻取采样器须在真空条件下,实现无辅助冷却介质的连续钻进取心工作,这极易导致钻头温度快速升高,影响采样任务的可靠进行。因此,为深入研究钻进过程的热特性,通过分析钻头切削具与孔底月壤的切削和摩擦机理,建立钻头在钻进过程中的温升模型,归纳影响钻头温升的主要因素。根据月面真空条件下的月壤环境,制备真空度低于10 Pa、钻进深度不少于2 m的模拟月壤,并开展钻进过程热特性试验。试验结果表明钻头前端切削具的温升与钻压力存在很强的正相关性,与钻头扭矩相关性较弱。基于试验结果对温升模型中的相关性系数进行修正,拟合出钻头温升曲线,并与试验实测结果进行对比,实现了钻进过程热特性的定性分析。     

基于非参数边缘积分估计的局部特征描述子

为提高图像匹配性能提出了关于局部区域特征描述子的统计模型。该模型是一种基于梯度模值及方向分布的边缘积分函数模型。在离散梯度方向的边缘积分函数与梯度矢量场的模值累积方向直方图相同。采用基于核函数的非参数估计,估计了该函数,应用于尺度不变特征变换(SIFT)描述子。为了提高描述子的旋转不变性、独特性,降低运算复杂度,将特征点周围的局部区域作为圆形,由径向采样网格划分为8个子区域。在每个子区域估计边缘积分函数,特征向量由每个小块8个方向的函数值组成。实验表明,该描述子能够提高旋转变换的检测率(查全率),降低运算复杂度。      

基于ASIFT的离线签名认证方法

通过分析现有局部不变特征方法及含伪装签名数据集的特点,提出了一种基于具有仿射不变性的尺度不变特征变换(ASIFT)的离线签名认证方法.该方法对签名图像进行预处理(包括灰度化和放缩),对处理后的图像进行ASIFT关键点检测和特征描述符提取,对从查询签名图像和参考签名图像中提取到的描述符进行匹配,对匹配的结果采用随机采样一致性(RANSAC)方法去掉错误匹配,并计算正确匹配点的描述符之间的平均距离;通过比较平均距离及正确匹配点的个数与给定阈值的大小来判断认证是否成功.使用了含伪装签名的数据库对提出的方法进行测试,实验结果表明该方法与现有方法相比等误率降低了5%.      

基于局部径向二值模式的三维人脸识别

针对人脸识别中局部特征的提取,提出了局部径向二值模式(LRBP,Local Radial Binary Pattern),并将其用于三维人脸识别.首先,对经过预处理的人脸深度图像进行区域划分;然后用局部径向二值模式提取子区域的特征序列,并将其链接在一起构成三维人脸的特征向量;最后,利用Fisherface方法对三维人脸特征向量进行训练和识别.在中国科学院自动化研究所三维人脸数据库中选取样本,利用LRBP对其进行识别,结果表明该方法在基本不损失识别率的前提下,可以有效提高识别的效率.