纤维缠绕结构的一种可靠性优化设计方法研究

将纽曼级数展开的蒙特卡罗随机有限元应用于具有随机因素的纤维缠绕结构的应力求解;然后利用蒙特卡罗直接比较法和蔡希布（Ｔｓａｉ－Ｈｉｌｌ）失效判据给出该结构的可靠性算式,最后建立了此类结构的可靠性优化设计迭代法,并给出了一算例。     

特征值反问题逼近解与极值化解的统一应用

基于矩阵最佳逼近与加权残值理论,本文把求解特征值反问题的矩阵逼近法和极值化方法统一为不同范数定义下的最小二乘问题。这对解决部分特征值和／或特征向量给足情况下的反问题提供了一个有效工具。结合工程实际,本文给出了具体应用的数值例子。     

保形光顺的样条曲线

给出了一种对给定平面上的数据点进行保形的最小二乘逼近的算法,并且得到的逼近曲线是光顺的。本文利用拉格朗日乘数法对带约束条件的参数曲线进行了优化设计。     

一种新的鲁棒非线性卡尔曼滤波

Huber方法是一种基于l1/l2联合范数的估计方法,该方法可以实现估计的鲁棒性,同时尽量不损失滤波精度和效率.基于Huber估计的无味卡尔曼滤波虽提高了无味卡尔曼滤波的鲁棒性,但这种方法用统计线性回归模型来近似非线性的观测模型,损失了无味变换的精度.从Huber方法的数学意义出发,对观测信息(观测值或观测噪声)进行重新构造,然后对精确的非线性观测方程进行标准的无味卡尔曼滤波,这种新的基于Huber方法的无味卡尔曼滤波无需对非线性观测方程进行线性近似,在保持鲁棒性的前提下提高了滤波精度.通过一个具有混合高斯分布观测噪声的简明实例,验证了新算法在鲁棒性、滤波精度以及估计一致性方面的优势.     

控制力矩陀螺磁悬浮转子的指数趋近积分滑模控制研究

针对微重力、动框架等多源扰动下磁悬浮控制力矩陀螺磁轴承转子系统的强非线性、参数摄动及未建模动态等问题,开展控制力矩陀螺的磁轴承转子鲁棒控制研究。建立了磁轴承转子轴向通道动力学模型与电磁力工作点线性化模型,分析了系统参数摄动及未建模动态,并在此基础上提出了一种非线性系统指数趋近积分滑模控制方法,设计了含有电流及位移的积分滑模平面,采用指数趋近律与饱和函数抑制抖振实现到达阶段滑模控制律。实验结果表明：采用该方法可有效抑制滑模的抖振现象,参数摄动时系统具有较佳动态性能,同时在转子转动、框架工作时保证系统良好鲁棒性。     

Stochastic processes for line shapes and intensities

Stochastic processes provide flexible and fast calculations for modeling dynamical interactions between an atom and charged particles. We use a stochastic renewal process for the plasma microfield being the cause of Stark broadening. The accuracy and improvement possibilities of Lyman profiles calculations with a renewal process are analyzed by comparing to ab initio simulations for ion broadening only. Stochastic processes may also be applied to out of equilibrium plasmas. We present our first results for the effect of Langmuir waves on a line broadened by electrons only, and for the changes of atomic populations submitted to strong temperature fluctuations.     

零陷展宽的递推实现方法

目前常用的零陷展宽算法都可以归纳到协方差矩阵锥化（CMT）的范畴,按常规计算方式,CMT法的运算量为O(M 3)。文章首先通过对CMT法中的锥化矩阵进行特征值分解,提出了一种递推实现的零陷展宽算法,将运算量降为O(JM 2) （J为锥化矩阵的秩）;将该递推方法与对角加载算法结合,大大提高了算法的鲁棒性;最后针对几种常用的锥化矩阵进行了分析,确定了Mailloux算法中虚拟干扰源的选取原则,对MZ算法的锥化矩阵进行了降秩近似,进一步降低了运算量。计算机仿真分析表明,递推CMT算法在与原算法性能相当的情况下运算速度大大提高,与对角加载算法结合后,可以以较低的运算量实现较好的稳健性。
     

Performability analysis of avionics system with multilayer HM/FM using stochastic Petri nets

The integrated modular avionics (IMA) architecture is an open standard in avionics industry, in which the number of functionalities implemented by software is greater than ever before. In the IMA architecture, the reliability of the avionics system is highly affected by the software applications. In order to enhance the fault tolerance feature with regard to software application failures, many industrial standards propose a layered health monitoring/fault management (HM/FM) scheme to periodically check the health status of software application processes and recover the malfunctioning software process whenever an error is located. In this paper, we make an analytical study of the HM/FM system for avionics application software. We use the stochastic Petri nets (SPN) to build a formal model of each component and present a method to combine the components together to form a complete system model with respect to three interlayer query strategies. We further investigate the effectiveness of these strategies in an illustrative system.     

Direct trajectory optimization based on a mapped Chebyshev pseudospectral method

 In view of generating optimal trajectories of Bolza problems, standard Chebyshev pseudospectral (PS) method makes the points' accumulation near the extremities and rarefaction of nodes close to the center of interval, which causes an ill-condition of differentiation matrix and an oscillation of the optimal solution. For improvement upon the difficulties, a mapped Chebyshev pseudospectral method is proposed. A conformal map is applied to Chebyshev points to move the points closer to equidistant nodes. Condition number and spectral radius of differentiation matrices from both methods are presented to show the improvement. Furthermore, the modification keeps the Chebyshev pseudospectral method's advantage, the spectral convergence rate. Based on three numerical examples, a comparison of the execution time, convergence and accuracy is presented among the standard Chebyshev pseudospectral method, other collocation methods and the proposed one. In one example, the error of results from mapped Chebyshev pseudospectral method is reduced to 5% of that from standard Chebyshev pseudospectral method.     

纳米孔材料中辐射热传递的改进——扩散近似法计算

用可燃的烧蚀材料作为主动的承热层,用不可燃的多孔材料作为被动的隔热层,是当今一次性使用航天器最普通的一种热防护形式,然而对可重复使用的航天器来说,这种防热结构显然不适用.但是如果把烧蚀层改为金属薄壁或多层金属热防护系统,在不增加很多质量的情况下,能保证航天器主结构在允许的温度范围,则可能是一种很好的设计.在此情况下,隔...