径向微型分子泵结构设计及抽气性能仿真

微型分子泵用于航天器上微小型探测仪器的高真空环境获得。着眼于简化结构,减小体积与装配难度,面向径向微型分子泵,针对其核心部件——定转子进行结构设计,并利用ANSYS、COMSOL软件作仿真分析,探究定转子径向结构、叶片角度、节弦比等对泵抽气性能的影响;比较径向与轴向分子泵的抽气效果。结果表明,在同等抽气系统体积下,径向微型分子泵在获得高压缩比方面更具优势。     

基于火焰图像诊断的模型燃烧室燃烧不稳定特性

提出了一种基于火焰图像诊断的旋流燃烧室燃烧不稳定特性研究方法.分析甲基滤镜下高速CCD(charge coupled device)拍摄的火焰面振荡图像,发现不稳定工况下的旋流火焰在以较高频率抖动的同时伴随着周期性的火焰脱落,其脱落信息可由火焰面轴向峰值位置体现.对CCD图像进行数字图像处理获得轮廓线,统计其边缘轴向最...     

CAS-DIS数字电离层测高仪系统研制

提出了将射频直接采样数字化的接收方式应用于数字电离层测高仪系统的设计方案, 并详细介绍了该方案在CAS-DIS (Chinese Academy of Sciences, Digital Ionosonde)电离层测高仪系统的应用, 给出了CAS-DIS电离层测高仪在中国武汉电离层探测标校试验场和武汉-北京斜向电离层探测系统中的实验结果. 观测结果表明, 采用本文提出的数字化方案设计的电离层测高仪系统性能优越, 且可以分别工作在垂直和斜向探测模式, 满足了电离层探测的多种应用需求.     

Target localization method of non-cooperative spacecraft on on-orbit service

With the explosion of the number of meteoroid/orbital debris in terrestrial space in recent years, the detection environment of spacecraft becomes more complex. This phenomenon causes most current detection methods based on machine learning intractable to break through the two difficulties of solving scale transformation problem of the targets in image and accelerating detection rate of high-resolution images. To overcome the two challenges, we propose a novel non-cooperative target detection method using the framework of deep convolutional neural network.Firstly, a specific spacecraft simulation dataset using over one thousand images to train and test our detection model is built. The deep separable convolution structure is applied and combined with the residual network module to improve the network’s backbone. To count the different shapes of the spacecrafts in the dataset, a particular prior-box generation method based on K-means cluster algorithm is designed for each detection head with different scales. Finally, a comprehensive loss function is presented considering category confidence, box parameters, as well as box confidence. The experimental results verify that the proposed method has strong robustness against varying degrees of luminance change, and can suppress the interference caused by Gaussian noise and background complexity. The mean accuracy precision of our proposed method reaches 93.28%, and the global loss value is 13.252. The comparative experiment results show that under the same epoch and batchsize, the speed of our method is compressed by about 20% in comparison of YOLOv3, the detection accuracy is increased by about 12%, and the size of the model is reduced by nearly 50%.     

Method for utilizing PIV to investigate high curvature and acceleration boundary layer flows around the compressor blade leading edge

Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) is a well-developed and contactless technique in experimental fluid mechanics, but the strong velocity gradient and streamline curvature near the wall substantially limits its accuracy improvement. This paper presents a data processing procedure combining conventional PIV and newly developed Mirror Interchange (MI) based Interface-PIV for the measurement of the boundary layer parameter development in the blade leading edge region. The synthetic particle images are used to analyze the measurement errors in the entire procedure. Overall, three types of errors, namely the errors caused by the Window Deformation Iterative Multigrid (WIDIM) algorithm, the discrete data interpolation and integration, and the wall offset uncertainty, comprise the main measurement error. Specifically, the errors due to the discrete data interpolation and integration and the WIDIM algorithm comprise the mean bias, which can be corrected through the error analysis method proposed in the present work. Meanwhile, the errors due to the WIDIM algorithm and the wall offset uncertainty contribute to the measurement uncertainty. Computational fluid dynamics-based synthetic particle flows were generated to verify the newly developed PIV data processing procedure and the corresponding error analysis method. Results showed that the data processing method could improve the accuracy of PIV measurements for boundary layer flows with high curvature and acceleration and even with significant flow separation bubbles. Finally, the data processing method is also applied in a PIV experiment to investigate the boundary layer flows around a compressor blade leading edge, and several credible boundary flow parameters were obtained.     

整体加筋壁板轴压承载能力预计改进的Johnson-Euler方程

整体加筋板被广泛用于飞机机身和机翼结构设计,因此需要准确地预计其在轴压载荷作用下的承载能 力。在研究整体加筋破坏试验的基础上,提出了轴压承载能力计算改进的Johnson-Euler方程。利用目前工程中常用的3类(T、工和Z字形)15件机身机翼整体壁板试验件,对其适用性进行了验证。结果表明,所给出改进的Johnson-Euler方程,可以较为准确地预计整体加筋板破坏载荷,相对误差绝对值都不大于12%,满足飞机设计部门对整体加筋板强度设计的需求,研究结果为飞机设计人员对整体壁板强度设计提供参考。     

约束Viterbi算法及其在编码的图像传输中的应用

Viterbi算法的解码计算的复杂度会随指数增长,在信道状况比较差的条件下解码效果不理想。为了克服这些缺陷,需要尽可能利用已知的信息约束条件和先验知识进行解码,以提高解码效果。本文通过直接加入约束比特的方法将约束维特比方法应用于普通卷积码。与一般的维特比算法相比,在信道状况较差的情况下,该方法通过调整参数可将图像峰值信噪比提高2—10dB左右。实验表明,对于用分层树的集划分算法编码的图像,该方法是一种有效的传输差错控制手段。     

带中心支板侧压进气道流场特性研究

应用表面油流和压力测量实验技术,辅助计算模拟手段,考察了两种不同形式的中心支板对侧压式进气道流场特性的影响.结果表明:进气道内部由于侧壁斜激波和支板诱发的斜激波的汇合引起了侧壁和顶板边界层的大尺度分离现象,使进气道性能受到了极大影响.后掠支板后移避免了支板和侧壁诱导斜激波的汇合,分离现象相对较弱,有利于进气道性能的提高;支板前掠可以提高流量捕获,但导致边界层分离加剧,对减少总压损失不利.     

面向空间天文观测的序列图像无损压缩算法

空间天文观测任务会获得大量天文图像.对定点天体连续观测得到的序列天文图像具有时间及空间冗余较高的特点.为了减少序列天文图像的存储与传输的数据量,保证序列天文图像的完整性,满足科学目标的任务需求,需要对其进行无损压缩.本文提出了一种利用帧内压缩与改进的帧间压缩相结合的无损压缩算法,将序列天文图像的第一帧进行JPEG-LS帧内无损压缩编码,其余帧进行改进的帧间无损压缩编码,从而有效去除序列天文图像的时间及空间冗余,提高序列天文图像的压缩比.经过试验测试,改进后的帧间压缩效果优于帧内压缩效果,改进后的帧间压缩时间少于帧内压缩时间.结果表明,该算法简单且高效,适用于对序列天文图像的无损压缩.     

多场景高分辨率遥感图像快速拼接技术

光学遥感卫星拍摄过程中大视场与高分辨率间的相互矛盾,引起国内外研究人员的广泛关注。提出一种基于相机参数保持的快速拼接算法。该方法对高分辨率图像进行降采样处理,利用降分辨率图像的配准信息恢复相机参数,能够改进拼接过程,提高拼接效率。实验结果表明,相对于传统拼接方法,该算法能够将配准时间缩短2倍以上,将遥感图像的拼接质量提升5%~35%, 适用于建筑、森林、农田、湖泊四类场景。通过对存在噪声、亮度差异及不同模糊程度的遥感图像进行拼接实验,验证了该方法的鲁棒性和可行性。