飞行器RCS计算前置处理中裁剪曲面剖分算法

在雷达散射截面(RCS)计算中,首先需要将物体的表面进行三角剖分,称为前置处理,三角片单元的边长通常为0.1个波长(一般1个波长取3 cm).飞行器外表形状复杂,在建立数学化模型中,使用了大量的裁剪曲面,曲面之间的关系非常复杂,而3 mm边长的三角片剖分,使得飞行器的三角片单元的数目巨大,给前置处理带来难度.对此,提出了一种裁剪曲面三角网格剖分的方法.利用飞行器外形设计的特点,在以拱高为逼近误差的前提下,把曲面离散一系列等参数线,等参数线上等弦长布点,两两参数值相邻的参数线生成网格单元.根据网格单元与裁剪区域的位置关系,将落在裁剪区域外的网格单元进行裁剪处理.然后对曲面间边界处的网格进行相容性处理,最终实现多张裁剪曲面的三角网格剖分.      

薄壁泡沫塑料模成型工艺参数的研究

针对大型薄壁件消失模精铸的特点，对消失模的成型工艺进行了大量试验。结果表明，成型工艺与模样密度相互制约，预发泡工艺可影响模样的密度，一定的模样密度又制约了其成型发泡工艺。对不同密度要求的模样，应采用不同的成型工艺。     

Autonomous satellite navigation using starlight refraction angle measurements

An on-board autonomous navigation capability is required to reduce the operation costs and enhance the navigation performance of future satellites. Autonomous navigation by stellar refraction is a type of autonomous celestial navigation method that uses high-accuracy star sensors instead of Earth sensors to provide information regarding Earth’s horizon. In previous studies, the refraction apparent height has typically been used for such navigation. However, the apparent height cannot be measured directly by a star sensor and can only be calculated by the refraction angle and an atmospheric refraction model. Therefore, additional errors are introduced by the uncertainty and nonlinearity of atmospheric refraction models, which result in reduced navigation accuracy and reliability. A new navigation method based on the direct measurement of the refraction angle is proposed to solve this problem. Techniques for the determination of the refraction angle are introduced, and a measurement model for the refraction angle is established. The method is tested and validated by simulations. When the starlight refraction height ranges from 20 to 50 km, a positioning accuracy of better than 100 m can be achieved for a low-Earth-orbit (LEO) satellite using the refraction angle, while the positioning accuracy of the traditional method using the apparent height is worse than 500 m under the same conditions. Furthermore, an analysis of the factors that affect navigation accuracy, including the measurement accuracy of the refraction angle, the number of visible refracted stars per orbit and the installation azimuth of star sensor, is presented. This method is highly recommended for small satellites in particular, as no additional hardware besides two star sensors is required.     

倾转旋翼无人机过渡段纵向控制策略设计研究

针对倾转旋翼无人机过渡段纵向控制问题,基于工程化应用要求,以某型倾转旋翼无人机为研究对象,首先综述了国内倾转旋翼机的研究进展与发展趋势.其次分析了过渡段气动特性变化,根据过渡阶段的升力来源,将整个过渡过程划分为变距操纵段与气动操纵段,并根据各个阶段的前飞速度与短舱角的关系,确定倾转过渡方案.然后以操纵舵面分配方案为基础,设计了过渡过程各阶段纵向控制策略,并通过仿真验证了策略的鲁棒性,实现了对象无人机的全过程飞行.最后讨论了控制策略的优缺点,并展望了倾转旋翼无人机的发展前景及其在控制领域面临的挑战.     

AA7075-T6 Ⅰ-Ⅱ复合疲劳裂纹扩展研究北大核心CSCD

通过AA7075-T6铝合金在不同加载角度下的Ⅰ-Ⅱ复合高周疲劳裂纹扩展试验,利用FRANC3D中M-积分计算了复合型裂纹尖端的等效应力强度因子幅值,结合七点递增多项式对数据处理,得出了复合疲劳裂纹扩展速率曲线,分析了复合疲劳性能,并探讨了复合裂纹扩展的路径及断口特性。结果给出了纯Ⅰ型疲劳裂纹扩展速率曲线在稳定扩展阶段的Paris公式的参数;并表明:Ⅰ型疲劳裂纹扩展寿命最长,复合疲劳裂纹扩展寿命都有不同程度的减少;复合疲劳裂纹开裂方向的数值分析及实验结果与理论吻合;复合疲劳断口表现为脆性断裂。